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To assess long-term outcomes of patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer by treatment type.Patients with newly diagnosed stage III-IV ovarian cancer who underwent primary treatment at our tertiary cancer center from 01/01/2015-12/31/2015 were included. We reviewed electronic medical records for clinicopathological, treatment, and survival characteristics.Of 153 patients, 88 (58%) had stage III and 65 (42%) stage IV disease. Median follow-up was 65.8 months (range, 3.6-75.3). Eighty-nine patients (58%) underwent primary debulking surgery (PDS), 50 (33%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS), and 14 (9%) received chemotherapy alone, without surgery (NSx). Median PFS to first recurrence was 26.2 months (range, 20.1-36.2), 13.5 months (range, 12-15.1), and 4.2 months (range, 1.1-5.8) in the PDS, IDS, and NSx groups, respectively (P.001). At first recurrence/progression, 80 patients (72.7%) were treated with chemotherapy, 28 (25.5%) underwent secondary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by chemotherapy, and 2 (1.8%) received no treatment. Seven patients (4.6%) underwent palliative surgery for malignant bowel obstruction. Overall, 62.7% received 1-3 lines of chemotherapy. The 5-year OS rates were 53.2% (95% CI: 44.7%-61%) for the entire cohort, 71.5% (95% CI: 60.2%-80%) for the PDS group, 35.2% (95% CI: 22.2-48.5%) for the IDS group, and 7.9% (95% CI: 0.5%-29.9%) for the NSx group.The longitudinal treatment modalities and outcomes of patients with advanced ovarian cancer described here can be useful for patient counseling, long-term planning, and future comparison studies.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA) is a rare form of cervical cancer not associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. We summarize our experience with GEA at a large cancer center.Clinical and demographic information on all patients diagnosed with GEA between June 1, 2002 and July 1, 2019 was obtained retrospectively from clinical charts. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to describe progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumors from a subset of patients underwent next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis.A total of 70 women with GEA were identified, including 43 who received initial treatment at our institution: of these 4 (9%) underwent surgery alone, 15 (35%) underwent surgery followed by adjuvant therapy, 10 (23%) were treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT), 7 (16%) with chemotherapy alone, and 3 (7%) with neoadjuvant CCRT and hysterectomy with or without chemotherapy. One-third (n = 14) of patients experienced disease progression, of whom 86% (n = 12) had prior CCRT. The median PFS and OS for patients with stage I GEA were 107 months (95% CI 14.8-199.2 months) and 111 months (95% CI 17-205.1 months) respectively, compared to 17 months (95% CI 5.6-28.4 months) and 33 months (95% CI 28.2-37.8 months) for patients with stages II-IV, respectively. On NGS, 4 patients (14%) had ERBB2 alterations, including 2 patients who received trastuzumab.GEA is an aggressive form of cervical cancer with poor PFS and OS when diagnosed at stage II or later. Further investigation is needed to identify the optimal management approach for this rare subtype.

Highlights • In a bleeding postmenopausal woman with didelphys uterus, endometrial biopsy should be taken from both uterine cavities. • Sentinel lymph node mapping has not been previously described in the setting of endometrial cancer and uterine didelphys. • Routine sentinel lymph node mapping was successfully performed in a patient with endometrial cancer and uterine didelphys.

Highlights • Left-sided diaphragm hernias are rare after extensive upper abdominal debulking surgery in advanced stage ovarian cancer. • A left-sided diaphragm hernia can easily be misdiagnosed because patients may present with a variety of different symptoms. • After peritonectomy of the diaphragm, the diaphragm should be carefully checked for defects; any defect must be repaired., Over 80% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer present with advanced disease, FIGO stage III or IV at the time of diagnosis. The majority require extensive upper abdominal surgery to obtain complete gross resection. This may include splenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, partial hepatectomy, cholecystectomy, and usually diaphragmatic peritonectomy or resection. Following surgery, diaphragmatic hernia—a very rare but serious complication—may occur. We describe four cases of left-sided diaphragmatic hernia resulting after debulking surgery, which included left diaphragm peritonectomy and splenectomy, in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. In association with the current shift towards more extensive debulking surgery for ovarian cancer, more patients may present with postoperative left-sided diaphragm hernia, making the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this complication important to practicing gynecologic oncologists. Intraoperatively the diaphragm should be checked thoroughly to rule out any defects, which should be closed. A diaphragmatic hernia may be easily misdiagnosed because the patient can present with various symptoms. While rare, these hernias require prompt identification, intervention and surgical correction to avoid serious complications.

Highlights • Left-sided diaphragm hernias are rare after extensive primary debulking surgery in advanced stage ovarian cancer. • After peritonectomy of the diaphragm, the diaphragm should be carefully checked for defects. Any defect must be repaired. • This video shows repair of a 4 × 6 cm left-sided complex diaphragm hernia via robotic video-assisted thoracic surgery., Eighty percent of women with ovarian cancer have advanced disease (FIGO stage III or IV) at the time of diagnoses and require extensive upper abdominal surgery to obtain complete gross resection (Minig et al., 2015, Eisenhauer et al., 2006). A diaphragmatic hernia is defined as abdominal contents bulging into the thoracic cavity (Spellar and Gupta, 2020). While rare following primary debulking surgery (PDS), these present with a variety of symptoms and are often misdiagnosed. Computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic gold standard (Vertaldi et al., 2020). This video demonstrates repair of a left-sided complex diaphragm hernia via robotic video-assisted thoracic surgery in a 45-year-old with stage IVB ovarian cancer. She previously underwent extensive PDS, including modified posterior exenteration, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection, appendectomy, bilateral diaphragm peritonectomy, splenectomy, resection of a right mediastinal lymph node, and insertion of a right chest tube. Complete gross resection was achieved. No left-sided diaphragm resection or repair was performed during the initial surgery. She received standard adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel, carboplatin and bevacizumab. Six months postoperatively a surveillance CT scan revealed a small left hemidiaphragm hernia containing parts of the stomach. Although initially asymptomatic, she developed mild symptoms on follow-up, especially with lying supine. Imaging showed an increase in the size of the diaphragm defect. After completion of her maintenance bevacizumab therapy, corrective surgery was performed to prevent incarceration of the stomach. This video demonstrates the complex repair of this 4 × 6 cm defect located in the central tendon of the diaphragm. On two-week follow-up after corrective surgery, the patient’s symptoms had resolved.

Highlights • Complete gross resection as part of debulking surgery is crucial in advanced ovarian cancer. • Supradiaphragmatic lymph node resection may prolong survival in patients with ovarian cancer. • We report acute pericarditis after supradiaphragmatic lymph node resection and pericardotomy.

Highlights • We present a unique case of high-grade serous carcinoma isolated to the spleen at the time of diagnosis. • This isolated splenic high-grade serous carcinoma was confirmed by radiologic, clinical, and pathologic assessment. • A multigene tumor panel test revealed somatic PALB2 and ARID1 mutations and a TP53 hotspot mutation., We present a unique case of high-grade serous carcinoma isolated to the spleen at the time of diagnosis, without any tumor present in the ovary, fallopian tubes, omentum or uterus, which was pathologically consistent with metastatic Mullerian carcinoma. Tumor sequencing with the MSK-IMPACT (Memorial Sloan Kettering–Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets) multigene tumor panel test was performed, which revealed somatic mutations in PALB2 and in ARID1, as well as a TP53 hotspot mutation.