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Your search keyword '"Maidment, S"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Maidment, S" Topic occupational exposure
3 results on '"Maidment, S"'

1. Harmonization of future needs for dermal exposure assessment and modeling: a workshop report.

Author

Marquart H, Maidment S, McClaflin JL, and Fehrenbacher MC

Subjects
Europe, Humans, Occupational Exposure analysis, Reference Standards, Risk Assessment statistics & numerical data, United States, International Cooperation, Models, Theoretical, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data, Skin, Skin Absorption
Abstract

Dermal exposure assessment and modeling is still in early phases of development. This article presents the results of a workshop organized to harmonize the future needs in this field. Methods for dermal exposure assessment either assess the mass of contaminant that is transferred to the skin, or the transfer of contaminant through the skin. Models for dermal exposure are either knowledge-based or deterministic. Any method or model should be transparent, validated, and open to further development. Some (partly) validated and standardized methods are available for measuring or modeling permeation of the skin or of personal protective equipment (PPE). Further validation and standardization is necessary. More research is needed on permeation of dusts and aerosols and more realistic tests should be developed and used for PPE. Several methods have been developed to measure contamination of surfaces or skin, but they are not validated or standardized. A number of non-validated models exist to assess dermal exposure. A clear need exists for more studies of dermal exposure, regarding measurement methods, models and actual exposure levels. A running four-year European study will greatly expand the knowledge in this field. Simple tools to assess and control the risks of dermal exposure in small and medium sized enterprises are also needed. Increasing the general knowledge of practitioners (e.g., safety professionals, occupational hygienists and physicians) in the field of dermal exposure is a first requirement. Available data, for example, on the permeation of PPE, should be made more readily available, using modern information technology. When information on dermal exposure is gathered and stored, the core information needs are partly the same as those for inhalation exposure. Some elements of process and activity, substance and product or worker, specific for dermal exposure, have been suggested by the workshop.

Published
2001
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2. An introduction to a UK scheme to help small firms control health risks from chemicals.

Author

Russell RM, Maidment SC, Brooke I, and Topping MD

Subjects
Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Maximum Allowable Concentration, Occupational Exposure legislation & jurisprudence, Risk Management methods, United Kingdom, Air Pollutants, Occupational standards, Hazardous Substances standards, Occupational Exposure prevention & control, Risk Management organization & administration
Abstract

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1994 (COSHH), provide the main British legislation to protect against health risks arising from hazardous substances used at work. Under the regulations, employers have a duty to carry out a suitable and sufficient risk assessment and take steps to ensure exposure is adequately controlled. The paper by Topping et al. (1998) concluded that small firms need more basic, readily available advice on how to effectively control hazardous substances. To meet this need the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Advisory Committee on Toxic Substances (ACTS) have developed a new scheme for the UK. It involves a simple system of generic risk assessments to identify appropriate control strategies and a series of control guidance sheets providing good-practice examples of those strategies for common operations. The approach builds on earlier industry risk banding schemes and HSE's general approach to risk assessment and risk management. To help ensure the advice reaches small firms, HSE is seeking to involve key intermediaries in its dissemination. This paper describes the rationale for the new UK scheme, how it sits in the legal framework, and proposals for its dissemination. The papers by Brooke (1998) and Maidment (1998) set out in detail the technical basis for the scheme.

Published
1998
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3. Occupational hygiene considerations in the development of a structured approach to select chemical control strategies.

Author

Maidment SC

Subjects
Air Pollutants, Occupational classification, Air Pollutants, Occupational standards, Hazardous Substances classification, Hazardous Substances standards, Humans, Maximum Allowable Concentration, Models, Theoretical, Occupational Exposure standards, Reproducibility of Results, United Kingdom, Air Pollutants, Occupational toxicity, Hazardous Substances toxicity, Occupational Exposure prevention & control, Risk Management methods
Abstract

This paper explains the occupational hygiene basis of a new scheme to help small firms control the health risks from supplied chemicals. The scheme groups hazard information and the potential for a material to become airborne into bands and, from this information, predicts the control strategy necessary to ensure that the hazardous substance is used safely. To do this a simple model based upon an empirical approach to risk assessment and risk management has been developed. This work was undertaken in a working group established by the Health and Safety Commission's Advisory Committee on Toxic Substances.

Published
1998
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