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INTRODUCTION Persons who become displaced due to situations such as war and natural disasters face extreme challenges in maintaining their occupational repertoires. This study aimed to explore the occupational lives of Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey. METHODS This mixed method study used a cross-sectional design with a predominantly qualitative focus. Syrians living under temporary protection in Turkey were interviewed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to identify their perceived performance problems in the areas of self-care, productivity, and leisure. Additional probes were used to explore participants' reasoning for the choice of occupations and scoring, and occupational changes since arriving in Turkey. Socio-demographics were collected on the participants' age, gender, educational level, marital status, monthly house budget, social security, and number of persons within the household. Thematic analysis was used to undercover themes from the qualitative data. RESULTS Thirty Syrians living under temporary protection in Turkey in Hatay province participated in this study (mean age: 29.66 ± 7.97 years [range = 18 to 50 years]): 16 women (mean age: 28.64 ± 8.04 years) and 14 men (mean age: 30.56 ± 8.05 years). Participants identified more significant problems in their performance of productive and leisure occupations than in self-care occupations. The following themes emerged: (a) having a house of our own: meeting basic needs and completing activities of daily living; (b) no money for shopping: past everyday occupations now luxuries; (c) feeling valued and important: having the ability but no job; (d) living day to day: Education, career, and marriage on hold; and (e) enjoyment in life: leaving behind family, friends, and occupational spaces. CONCLUSION Syrians living in temporary protection in Turkey experience uncertainty within their occupational lives. Participants were able to meet their basic needs; however, precarity of employment limited their participation in previous occupations contracting their repertoires.

Introduction Canadian occupational therapists are employed as case managers on assertive community treatment (ACT) teams to support community living for individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses. In this position, occupational therapists act primarily as generalists, typically attending appointments with clients, supervising medication adherence, supporting basic living needs, and managing client crises. Occupational therapists may also provide psychotherapy and coping skill groups, as well as profession-specific practices, such as skills training. Exploring how ACT occupational therapists describe their perceived ideal practice may support transformation in long-standing, occupational therapy practices on ACT teams. Method This qualitative, interpretive description study involved 11 Canadian ACT team occupational therapists in one individual, semi-structured in-depth interview using an interview guide containing open-ended questions. Interview transcripts were analyzed to identify themes pertaining to therapists’ descriptions of their perceived ideal occupational therapy practice on ACT teams. Results Three themes emerged: (a) Engaging in practice “with intention”; (b) Finding the space for occupational therapy practice; and (c) Supporting clients in their recovery to find their best occupational self. Conclusions The findings highlight practice possibilities for occupational therapist working on ACT teams and provide a foundation for advocating for better use of specific occupational therapy practices within community mental health settings.

Introduction Children with mobility difficulties are thought to share similar participation repertoires due to the impact of their physical impairments. However, with these children, as with all others, individual differences and contexts should mediate occupational repertoires and experiences, resulting in participation differences, at least in part. This study aimed to explore the occupational repertoires of children with mobility difficulties and their view of their occupational participation. Methods Five children with mobility difficulties were assessed using the paediatric activity card sort, to establish their occupational repertoires. Semi-structured interviews were used to understand the children’s occupational participation. Findings Our findings suggest that children with mobility issues are more likely to participate in quiet occupations, but not exclusively. The children defined participation in their own way. Conclusion The knowledge about how children with mobility difficulties understand participation in occupation can help occupational therapists to establish goals with their clients and personalise interventions.

Background. In 2012, the World Federation of Occupational Therapists released a position statement on sustainability and sustainable practice, urging occupational therapists to address the global e...

Introduction An occupational repertoire is the array of occupations that an individual has the perceived capacity to perform at a specific point in time. The Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent is a new tool that uses parent report to identify the occupations children can and do perform and their interests in and opportunities for doing them. This study aimed to test the face validity, comprehensiveness, and internal consistency of the Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent as a tool to measure the occupational repertoire of children aged between 2 and 12 years. Method Twenty-nine occupational therapists completed an online questionnaire about the Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent, and 27 parents completed it and then provided feedback via a structured interview. Descriptive statistics, content analysis, and the content validity index guided data analysis. Results Participants view the Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent as practical, simple, and supportive of occupation-centred practice to optimize children’s development of a meaningful repertoire. Overall, self-care occupations were rated highly relevant. Lower-scoring occupations were those perceived as performed only by older children, nonessential for children with disabilities, or culturally unimportant. Conclusion Results indicate value in the further development of the Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent and validate that it asks relevant questions to understand a child’s performance, engagement, and opportunities, leading to optimal repertoire development.

Background. Foundational to the occupational therapy profession is the belief that engagement in occupation is health promoting; however, this belief fails to account for occupational engagement that may be risky or illness producing. Consensus regarding the nature of the relationship between occupation and health has yet to be achieved. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of how the relationship between occupation and health and well-being is discussed within the occupational therapy and occupational science literature. Method. The methodological framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley served as the basis for this scoping review of the occupational therapy and occupational science literature. Findings. One hundred and twelve articles were identified as meeting the criteria for inclusion. The dominant discourse portrays the relationship between occupation and health as positive. Implications. The broader literature suggests that occupational engagement can have both positive and negative effects on health and well-being. As such, the reconceptualization of the relationship between occupation and health and well-being is warranted to enable occupational therapists to practise in a more client-centred manner.

En effet, la communaute mondiale en ergotherapie peut et doit travailler en collaboration afin de promouvoir les valeurs communes sous-jacentes de la profession; par exemple, le droit de tous les individus, communautes, groupes et populations a s’engager dans des occupations signifiantes ou a l’habilitation de leur participation occupationnelle en ayant acces a des services justes et equitables et en evoluant dans des milieux justes et equitables (p. ex., Townsend et Polatajko, 2013). Pour etre indexees, ce qui est requis pour faire une demande de facteur d’impact au Journal Citation Reports, ces revues doivent demontrer que les articles qu’elles publient sont largement cites, et ce, dans des revues publiees en anglais. Toutefois, recemment, ces revues sont passees a la publication bilingue en ajoutant des manuscrits en langue anglaise et, dans certaines situations, comme pour le Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy (BrJOT; http://www.cadernosdeterapiaocupacional.ufscar.br), en publiant des articles dans trois langues. (Ont.), OTR, OT(C) Redactrice en chef adjointe / Coredactrice Revue canadienne d’ergotherapie Ana Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano, PhD, OT (Bresil) Redactrice en chef, Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy Professeure, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Bresil

Vision : Promouvoir l’ergotherapie a travers le monde Mission : Offrir une tribune a la recherche de pointe axee sur la pratique, l’enseignement et la politique dans le domaine de l’ergotherapie Priorites strategiques (PS) : PS1. Accroitre chez les auteurs le desir de soumettre a la RCE des articles influents/de calibre superieur. PS2. Rehausser la rigueur scientifique des revisions. PS3. Veuillez a ce que les ressources et les processus appropries soient mis en place pour soutenir la revue. PS4. Promouvoir la revue afin de favoriser l’avancement de l’ergotherapie. PS5. Favoriser une communication transparente et complete.

Occupational Therapy Evidence in Practice for Mental Health is an accessible and informative guide to the application of theory and the evidence-base to contemporary clinical practice. Fully updated throughout, chapters cover a range of mental health issues, approaches and settings, including service user and carer involvement, group work, services for older people, interventions, forensic mental health, and managing depression.

Occupational engagement (OE) has been presented as a core construct in occupational therapy; however, its broad conceptualization and confounding definitions are problematic. Clarifying the construct of OE would help occupational therapists to explicate the nature of their practice. The purpose of this study was to explore occupational therapists’ perspectives of the construct of OE. Qualitative descriptive methodology was used to collect data using semistructured interviews with nine practicing occupational therapists in the Greater Toronto Area. Qualitative content analysis, using an inductive approach, was employed to uncover emerging categories. Participants spoke about transitioning from therapeutic engagement to OE with a client by following a client’s path of choice. The essential elements and influencers of OE were highlighted, and the relationship between OE and occupational performance was discussed. The findings provide an initial understanding of essential elements necessary to enable clients to initiate engagement in therapy and then, subsequently, in occupations of their choice.

La theorie et la recherche constituent la base du developpement des connaissances disciplinaires qui sont essentielles a la croissance d’une profession. Toutefois, il est primordial que ces nouvelles connaissances soient transmises par l’intermediaire de differentes avenues de dissemination pour qu’elles soient integrees dans la pratique, pour eclairer les futures recherches et pour appuyer les demandes de financement de la recherche. Depuis la premiere edition de la Revue canadienne d’ergotherapie (RCE) en 1933, plus de 20 revues examinees par les pairs traitant specifiquement de l’ergotherapie ont ete lancees, ce qui nous a permis d’elargir nos possibilites de dissemination. Cependant, la publication de recherches en version imprimee ou en ligne dans des revues examines par les pairs ne represente qu’une etape de la dissemination des connaissances. Les aspects technologiques de nombreuses nouvelles avenues offrent d’incroyables possibilites pour le partage et la creation de connaissances. En effet, au cours de la derniere decennie, les changements rapides survenus dans les technologies associees a Internet ont entraine la creation de plusieurs repertoires en ligne et services de medias sociaux et de reseautage qui peuvent permettre d’augmenter la decouvrabilite des travaux publies dans des revues officielles et favoriser la dissemination de la recherche au-dela des milieux universitaires et de recherche traditionnels. A present, nous pouvons facilement atteindre des auditoires a travers le monde dans des domaines aussi divers que les soins de sante, le service social, l’education et la planification environnementale, de meme que des groupes de consommation et des groupes non professionnels. Les possibilites d’echanges de connaissances en ligne sont enormes; par exemple, en date de janvier 2015, plus de 3 milliards d’utilisateurs actifs d’Internet et plus de 3,6 milliards d’utilisateurs d’appareils mobiles a travers le monde avaient etabli plus de 3,7 milliards de comptes actifs de medias sociaux (Kemp, 2015). Selon le but des auteurs en ce qui a trait a la diffusion de leurs travaux (p. ex., partage, promotion ou creation de connaissances) et l’auditoire cible (p. ex., disciplinaire, multidisciplinaire, non professionnel), differentes avenues en ligne doivent etre utilisees. Ces avenues de diffusion se produisent le long d’un continuum allant de la simple transmission des connaissances a sens unique (Web 1.0) par l’intermediaire de revues en ligne, de sites web statiques et de repertoires, a l’echange et a la creation multidirectionnels de connaissances (Web 2.0) par l’intermediaire des services de medias sociaux et de reseautage social.

Communicating this new knowledge through dissemination avenues is vital for its uptake in practice, for informing future research, and to support applications for research funding. Since 1933, when the Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy (CJOT) was first published, over 20 peer-reviewed, discipline-specific occupational therapy journals have been created, broadening our dissemination potential. Social media and networking opportunities can provide us with the capability for sharing and creating occupational therapy knowledge that can be taken up and used by occupational therapy practitioners and used to increase awareness of the importance of occupational engagement and effective occupational enablement within health care, education, social services professions, and consumer groups.

Foundational to the occupational therapy profession is the belief that engagement in occupation is health promoting; however, this belief fails to account for occupational engagement that may be risky or illness producing. Consensus regarding the nature of the relationship between occupation and health has yet to be achieved.The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of how the relationship between occupation and health and well-being is discussed within the occupational therapy and occupational science literature.The methodological framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley served as the basis for this scoping review of the occupational therapy and occupational science literature.One hundred and twelve articles were identified as meeting the criteria for inclusion. The dominant discourse portrays the relationship between occupation and health as positive.The broader literature suggests that occupational engagement can have both positive and negative effects on health and well-being. As such, the reconceptualization of the relationship between occupation and health and well-being is warranted to enable occupational therapists to practise in a more client-centred manner.

The purpose of this study was to explore children's everyday outdoor occupations in context. A naturalistic observational approach was employed to record the observed outdoor occupations of children in Mbarara, Uganda. Thematic analysis, through pattern formation and constant comparative analysis, was used to uncover categories and themes in the data. Patterns emerged from the data revealing two overarching categories containing three themes: 1) types of occupations: play, work and nothing in particular and 2) characteristics of occupational engagement: being in peer groups, having fun and using materials in the environment. The themes reveal that children's occupations are both similar and different across minority and majority world cultures and that children's occupations are contextually situated and flexible in nature. A limitation of the study was that the observational approach made identification of children's ages subjective. Subsequent studies should explore children's experiences of occupational engagement using interviews and focus groups. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the characteristics and features of substance abuse interventions for women in North America and discuss the findings from an occupational perspective. METHOD. A scoping review was conducted to examine North American peer-reviewed literature published between 2001 and 2014. Four databases were searched using terms related to intervention, substance abuse, and women only. Descriptive statistics of categorical groupings were used to describe the data sources and characteristics and features of the interventions. RESULTS. Forty-two articles met the inclusion criteria, with the majority citing a harm-reduction approach and using multifaceted interventions with various targets for change. CONCLUSION. Substance abuse interventions for women are typically multifaceted and follow a harm-reduction philosophy. Further research into the efficacy of interventions that more specifically target occupation beyond substance use is needed.

Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a research method gaining in popularity, particularly in health psychology and related fields. Derived from phenomenology, as the name suggests, it has potential for occupational therapy as an underpinning framework for research. This method was developed to enable researchers to provide participants with the opportunity to describe their perceptions of their lived experiences, which are subsequently interpreted by the researcher. A two-stage data process allows participants to make sense of their own world while the researcher attempts to make sense of participants' lived experiences. IPA acknowledges that researchers cannot gain complete access to the participant's world and that each participant is an expert in his or her field. However, it does recognise that the researcher's analysis of this world is a dynamic and interpretative process. During the research analysis process, themes are identified and connected and followed by higher-order interpretation. Data can be collected using a variety of methods, including interviews, case studies and focus groups. This paper describes the potential of IPA as an appropriate and worthy methodology for occupational therapists and, therefore, an important adjunct to the occupational therapy evidence base.

It is accepted that practice placements are instrumental in providing an invaluable education on professional concepts, attitudes and behaviours. However, despite suggestions that practice placement education needs to be modernised to meet the demands of the current climate, there is only evidence of a limited number of role-emerging placements within the United Kingdom despite their relative popularity and history abroad. This paper describes and briefly evaluates a ‘model’ of practice placement education within role-emerging settings for a full cohort of pre-registration occupational therapy students, which meets national and international standards and guidance for such programmes.

Nous avons besoin de savoir « Quelles habiletes d'habilitation sont utilisees?»«A quoi ressemblent les habiletes d'habilitation en action? » « Qu'est-ce qui rend l'habilitation efficace ou inefficace? » Dans son allocution, Dre Kirsh (2015) enoncait clairement que la progression de notre comprehension de l'habilitation a l'occupation devait inclure une attention particuliere du niveau auquel l'habilitation doit se produire afin que des changements occupationnels substantiels se produisent. Ainsi, les ergotherapeutes doivent collaborer avec les individus presentant des incapacites, leurs familles et les organismes venant en aide aux personnes en situation de handicap afin de revendiquer des changements au plan politique; par exemple, reduire la stigmatisation et la discrimination a l'endroit des accidentes du travail a Toronto, faire valoir et appliquer les principes de design universel a Port-au-Prince et changer la culture organisationnelle a Largo.

[...]in February 2011, the CJOT editorial board articulated a vision and mission for the journal and identified five strategic priorities: [...]the decision at the strategic review was to undertake a course correction and focus our attention on issues of quality and reach. New Vision: To be a high-quality scholarly journal that is at the forefront of the science of occupational therapy and a destination journal for the top scholars in the field, globally New Mission: To provide a forum for leading-edge occupational therapy scholarship that advances theory, practice, research, and policy Over the next year, a number of initiatives will be undertaken to strengthen the quality of the journal and focus its reach.

A central theme of our current practice guidelines, as expressed in the title, is to advance a vision for health, well-being, and justice through occupation (Townsend & Polatajko, 2013). Since I became the editor of CJOT, I have taken the liberty of using my editorial platform to lend my voice to the call to act on that vision, to enable our clients, and ourselves, to realize possibilities. [...]many have limited occupational repertoires and may fill their time with harmful occupations, such as substance abuse or gang involvement. [...]people who are homeless are often limited by their homelessness from engaging in meaningful occupations.

Date Presented 3/31/2017 This study examined the validity and utility of the Occupational Repertoire Development Measure–Parent (ORDM–P) from the perspective of expert occupational therapists. The ORDM–P is a new tool being designed that uses parent report to identify the occupations a child can and does perform. Primary Author and Speaker: Janet Njelesani Additional Authors and Speakers: Tatiana Pontes, Jane Davis, Helene Polatajko

[...]we thought it was time to issue a call to advance our scholarship on enablement, globally. [...]in all three countries, the right to fair and equitable employment is guaranteed at the system level; however, in all three countries, many examples can be found where these laws are not translated into policy or the policy is not adhered to by the organization. [...]there is a need for occupational therapists to collaborate with persons with disabilities, their families, and disabled persons' organizations to advocate for change at the policy level, for example, to reduce stigma and discrimination directed toward injured workers in Toronto, to enforce the use of universal design principles in Port-auPrince, and to change organizational culture in Largo.

Individuals who have made a direct intellectual contribution to the development of the new ideas and findings are distinguished by being listed as an author of the new work. [...]ethical writing involves clear attributions to the authors of the previous work that was used in creating the new knowledge through citation and to individuals who contributed to the new work in significant ways through authorship. Flowchart: What to do if you suspect plagiarism: (a) Suspected plagiarism in a submitted manuscript.Telechargeau http://publicationethics.org/files/u7140/plagiarism%20A.pdf International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

The mission of this journal is “to provide a forum for leading edge scholarship that advances occupational therapy practice, education, and policy.” While all three are equally meritorious, in this editorial we will focus on advancing practice. We do so because we believe that without advancing our practice the advancement of our education and policy become moot. Further, as editors, we are struck by the paucity of submissions related to practice and would like to encourage occupational therapy scholars to consider work in this area, in particular, in the rhetoric of the 2007 Enabling Occupation II guidelines, to consider work in advancing occupation-based practice (Townsend & Polatajko, 2007). The rhetoric in Enabling Occupation II suggests that occupation-based practice has great potential to broaden the scope of our practice, and we would like to encourage the scholarship necessary to realize that potential. Unfortunately, a divide appears to be emerging between the rhetoric and practice; the perception seems to be that occupation-based enablement restricts practice and that there are many forms of practice that are not consistent with the ideas subtending occupation-based enablement. We believe this divide emanates from a misinterpretation of the rhetoric. The rhetoric offered in Enabling Occupation II is that occupation-based enablement involves “the full range

[...]CAOT reviewed the production and distribution of CJOT and considered how best to engage readers, advance the dissemination of occupational therapy research, and consequently, profile the work of Canadian occupational therapy, nationally and internationally. First and foremost, SAGE is a leading publisher with an impeccable reputation.

Background. Many health professionals, including occupational therapists, have difficulty utilizing research findings in daily practice. Purpose. To determine if an online action research project could enhance research use among occupational therapists working in similar practice areas. Methods. Four groups of 12–14 occupational therapists met online for approximately one year. They discussed barriers and facilitators to research utilization, defined practice questions, and attempted to search for, synthesize and apply relevant research findings. Online communications and post-group interviews were thematically analyzed. Results. Only half of the participants who began the project were still online with the research project at completion. These participants believed that their involvement in the group led to increased personal awareness, motivation and confidence regarding the use of research evidence in practice and knowledge to be used in practice. Time to review, critique and synthesize research evidence continued to be a major barrier to enhanced research utilization. Practice Implications. Online meetings designed to enhance research use among occupational therapists appear to hold some promise, but refinements are needed to ensure their ultimate success.

Because of the broad nature of occupational therapy practice, research questions can arise from many different elements and dimensions of practice, leading many occupational therapy researchers to ask questions based on assumptions that fit within different paradigms.

Occupational therapists are realizing that the possibilities for our clients to engage or re-engage in essential aspects of their lives within their communities and societies, fostering their social and cultural occupations, lie in realizing the possibilities of occupational therapy. (Dec. 2011) highlighted ageism as an issue that affects the ability of occupational therapists to provide key services to older adults; they examined the strength of evidence of educational interventions to remediate ageist attitudes among health care students.