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This paper quantitatively measures the relationship between retail change and residential gentrification by examining the connection between gentrification and the opening of craft breweries in Portland, Oregon. Our findings indicate that: 1) craft breweries were slightly more likely to open in gentrified/gentrifying neighbourhoods than not and, 2) with the exception of the 1990s, breweries in gentrifying neighbourhoods most often opened followed the onset of neighbourhood upgrading. During the 1990s, we find that breweries were at the leading edge of gentrification, representing the type of economic and cultural changes in the commercial landscape that make a neighbourhood attractive to middle-class gentrifiers. Breweries opening during the 1980s, 2000s, and 2010–2015 periods were more likely to follow gentrification or to open in stable or upgrading neighbourhoods. Considering these results, we caution that while craft breweries may retain local industrial jobs and revitalize commercial districts, they may also solidify on-going patterns of gentrification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]