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At present, emergency situations are becoming a frequent issue in management associated with population protection. Pupils' knowledge is often of great importance for saving lives and protecting people's health, even though educational facilities are places where pupils are put in a passive position and will be fully dependent on the activities of teachers. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes basic information about population protection, integrated rescue system, and the education system including the history of Population protection in emergency situations. This part also includes the study topics in the field of emergency situations according to the curriculum framework, along with described supporting materials and teaching aids for learning enhancement in elementary school pupils. The research part aimed to ascertain the level of emergency preparedness in elementary school pupils in Český Krumlov district and at the same time to evaluate whether girls have greater knowledge than boys. To achieve this goal and confirm or disprove the formulated hypothesis a non-standardized electronic questionnaire was used which investigated the knowledge of ninth grade pupils of selected elementary schools. This quantitative research was then evaluated using statistical methods. To confirm or disprove the hypothesis a two-sample t-test was used. The formulated hypothesis read: "In the field of population protection in the event of an emergency situation, girls at selected elementary schools in Český Krumlov district will have statistically significantly greater knowledge than boys.". Based on the outcome of the research, the hypothesis was disproved.

The diploma thesis deals with the issues of population protection in the district of Týn nad Vltavou. The aim of this work is to analyse the website of the administrative district of Týn nad Vltavou (as the municipality with extended powers) to protect the population. The partial goal is to find out whether the website provides all necessary for the protection of the population in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín nuclear power plant. The last goal was to survey how citizens use the web pages of the district of Týn nad Vltavou and how they understand them. In order to meet these objectives, an analysis of the Týn nad Vltavou website in the field of population protection and a questionnaire survey of the level of knowledge of the population on this topic is performed. At first we will get acquainted with the area of Týn nad Vltavou. Then we will continue with the current state of protection of the population in our territory and legal norms. The next part mentions the position and tasks of a crisis management worker. An essential part of the work are the tasks of population protection and their characteristics, which are a necessary part of knowledge in this area. Specifically, it concerns the protection of the population at the level of the municipality with extended powers and technical and organizational measures to protect the population, such as, in particular, warning, notification and emergency information of the population; evacuation; hiding; civil defense; civil protection and, as a last resort, general warnings and their importance. An integral part is the knowledge of crisis situations, which are discussed in the work. Following the theoretical part, which is based on a literary search of documents addressing the issue, the work continues with a practical part, which is based on the analysis and comparison of information content in the field of population protection on the website of Týn nad Vltavou. This analysis shows that enough information provided on the website is rated at 85 %. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was conducted, with the result that most respondents rated the website very positively and also the comprehensibility of information in the field of population protection. The final evaluation of the website providing comprehensible information for the citizens of the Týn nad Vltavou district is evaluated as YES.

The bachelor thesis deals with the protection of the population and focuses mainly on one of its main tasks - evacuation. The theoretical part is based primarily on the literature and legislation, which are an integral part of this topic. The introduction of this section briefly describes the history and the development of population protection. The following is a definition of the term "integrated rescue system", a description of its components and documentation. Furthermore, the basic tasks of population protection are thoroughly characterized. At the end of the theoretical part it is discussed and the issue of floods, including the first records in the city of Písek, which is related to the research part of this bachelor's thesis. The aim of the research part of this work was a thorough analysis of answers from 27 respondents to a pre-prepared interview and subsequent evaluation and comparison of the answers. The behavior and knowledge of the inhabitants living in the flood area of the town of Písek during the evacuation during the floods were assessed. The interview consisted of two parts, where in the first informative part the respondents were acquainted with the topic of the interview and recorded data on the gender of respondents, their age category and whether they experienced floods in Písek in 2002. The second part, research, contained 8 questions evacuation during floods. All questions were designed to be comprehensible to each interviewee and they could answer them based on their experience. All interviews were anonymous and no additional questions were asked to respondents during the interviews. A comparison of the answers and their subsequent evaluation is given in the discussion. It was found that the inhabitants of the town of Písek are not sufficiently familiar with how to proceed and behave during floods. Their knowledge is not enough and it would be a good awareness to increase the evacuation during floods - for example, through professionally led lectures for the public or greater emphasis on teaching this area in schools. The conclusion contains another possible use of the bachelor's thesis in practice.

Human protection in emergencies is a preventive educational activity aimed at acquainting pupils with select topics of population protection, especially with the types of imminent dangers and emergencies, their prevention and procedures that lead to the protection of life and health. The aim of this master thesis is the analysis and subsequent comparison of the content and forms of teaching the subject "Human protection in emergencies" at primary schools and lower levels of multi-year grammar schools in the district of Cheb. The theoretical part contains a description of the educational system of the Czech Republic, framework and school educational programs, in which Human protection in emergencies is included and elaborated in more detail. It also contains basic information regarding the protection of the population and its development. The work also deals with ways of educating current and future teachers in human protection in emergencies, projects, teaching materials and documentation for its teaching in primary schools. Other security topics are also mentioned, with which Human protection in emergencies is closely connected. The research part contains an analysis of school educational programs and the results of qualitative research, which took place in the form of questionnaire surveys. After evaluating these results, the research question "What form of teaching the subject "Human protection in emergencies" at primary schools and lower levels of multi-year grammar schools in the district of Cheb takes place?" was answered. At present, teaching is integrated into other subjects across all basic education. In the first stage, these are most often the subjects of Introduction to environment and society, Homeland Studies and Science, in the second stage they are Citizenship Education, Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Physical Education. Teachers' explanations in schools are often supplemented by project days and discussions with the components of the integrated rescue system, where students are presented with demonstrations of good practice in situations where they become direct participants or witnesses to an emergency. In practice, this master thesis will be offered to schools that participated in the questionnaire survey, for the purpose of evaluating the current situation and as a possible inspiration for the introduction of certain changes in teaching to improve it.

Title and name of author: Mgr. Stanislav Cihelník Institution: Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta tělesné výchovy a sportu Katedra technických a úpolových sportů José Martího 31, Praha - Veleslavín, 162 52 Field of activity: Protection of population Curriculum: Rigorous steering Title: POSSIBLE MEASURES FOR RESOLVING INCIDENTS AT A LARGE INDUSTRIAL SITE Supervisor: Ing. et Mgr. Miloš Fiala PhD. Year of defence: 2020 Sides number: 120 (with addendums); 91 (without addendums) Addendum number: 3 Keywords: Safety, security, on-site fire unit, incident, protection of local population, fire safety system, prevention, industrial site In its theoretical part, the thesis focuses on the integrated emergency management system, its constituent parts, remit, public protection and responses to emergency situations. In its practical part, the thesis deals with an industrial complex, specifications of its safety arrangements in terms of staffing and technology, and in particular the use of fire safety systems to minimise potential risks. In its final part, the paper proposes additional safety measures for the industrial complex that are currently rendered unfeasible by existing software, hardware or legislative restrictions.

The theoretical part of this thesis is divided into two notional parts. The first part deals with population protection, focusing mainly on evacuation, warning or emergency hiding. In this section, there are types of emergency exits specified and what devices can be included during evacuation. Warning is a crucial component of people's escape during an emergency situation, therefore it is essential to specify which tools can be used to warn people. The second part focuses on fire safety. There are types of fire documentation listed. A building has to have these documents compiled. To ensure the safety of people, it is important to organize regular training courses of fire safety for the employees, therefore it is an important section of the thesis. In the practical part of the thesis, a survey was carried out in a form of semi-structured interview with the head of safety department of chosen buildings in České Budějovice. The information acquired during the interviews were evaluated using SWOT analysis, which focuses on strong or weak aspects, opportunities and threats. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the preparedness in the socially significant buildings in České Budějovice in terms of fire safety and population protection. The goal was to answer two research questions: "How are the buildings prepared in terms of fire protection?" and "How are the buildings and employees prepared in terms of population protection?" The results have shown that not every building is one hundred percent secure. The reasons are the different types of buildings, their age and possible investments into the reconstruction and purchase of new equipment.

The thesis deals with examining, if the non-governmental organizations are ready for extraordinary situations, specifically is focused on organizations, which are located in the area of České Budějovice region. The topic is actual, the reason being high frequency of those extraordinary situations in the south Bohemia and it is important to find out, if the help of volunteers is effective. For non-governmental organizations is specific that they are not managed by the government. Their activities try to substitute non-existing or poorly functioning services, which are provided by the government. Activities include realization of free time activities for children, helping socially weak, educational activities in many areas, protection of the environment or historical landmarks, helping disabled and elderly, humanitarian and development aid and many others. The objective of the thesis is to find out, how much are non-governmental ready to deal with extraordinary situations and how they engage in education to prepare population for dealing with extraordinary situations. In the thesis is used the method of information analysis, that meaning content analysis of information, where is specific gathered knowledge ordered on the basis of literature search. To fulfill set objective a semi-structured interview with employees of the chosen non-governmental organization was conducted. The results of the thesis will be offered to chosen non-governmental organizations, which participated in the research. These results could be used to increase quality of training of members of non-governmental organizations and volunteers.

Every day, the people can encounter a danger, which represents for them unexpected situations, such as various catastrophes, natural disasters, traffic accidents, or disasters accompanied by hazardous substances leakage. The emergence of crisis situations is mostly fast, unexpected, and in most cases these situations can't be averted before they hit. To alleviate the aftermaths of extraordinary events or crisis situations, the population preparedness is essential, mostly for them to know how to behave in such situations and help themselves and their close ones. The aim of the thesis was to find out the level of the preparedness of the residents of České Budějovice to survive a crisis situation and then compare the individual age categories. The level of preparedness was found out by a questionnaires and the results were then evaluated by the means of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The questionnaire consisted of 25 questions, 16 of those questions were subjects to a statistical inquiry. The research set was formed of 466 residents of České Budějovice, who were then divided into individual age categories. The evaluation of the stated hypotheses was achieved mainly by the means of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The first hypothesis, claiming that the residents of České Budějovice are prepared for surviving a crisis situation, couldn't be accepted, because from the results of the statistical inquiry is apparent, that the preparedness of the residents is on a low level. However, the least prepared are residents aged 35 years and less, so the second hypothesis could be accepted. This master thesis can serve as a study material, which could be useful for further research in the field of preparedness of the residents of České Budějovice for an extraordinary event or crisis situation.

This manual is based on the laws, promulgation and tools of the Generální ředitelství hasičského záchranného sboru ČR and The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports and with the information from Záchranný kruh. It´s goal is to create practical manual including information about protecting inhabitants for the youngest firefighters. In the theoretical part of the bachelor´s work, I analyzed specific laws, other regulations, literature and other sources of information from the field of inhabitants protection. Certain areas of inhabitants protection are analyzed, for example informing and warning, evacuations or sheltering the citizens, their decontamination and providing first aid. Furthermore, I explained certain rare cases and its problematic. In the practical part I realized interviews with the chiefs of the young firefighters, who could spread this manual and use it during the training and other shared events of young firefighters. Interviews were done with six chiefs and their answers were compared. The results are, that the groups of voluntary firefighters doesn´t have such or different manual that they like it and would use it, however it needs to have an attractive concept and tasks made so that even the smallest firefighters can do them. Research question: Do the documents include enough information to create a manual for a higher quality of education of the smallest firefighters to protect inhabitants? There was an effort to gather as much information for this case and create a manual from the gathered knowledge and the interviews result. By creating the manual, it is proofed that the documents have enough information to create an manual, that will help educating the smallest young firefighters.

The aim of this bachelor thesis was to judge the awareness raising of unreleased mayors municipalities to protect of the population in the region Havlíčkobrodsko. The laws, the next law regulations, the proffessional literature and the next information resources were analysed in theoretical part this bachelor thesis. There were analysed particular parts to protect of the population. There were for examples warning and information of the population, evacuation, hiding or emergency survival of the population. The next discussed part is flood protection. This is hot in this time. I chose the quality research for the practical part. The answer the research question "Which is the knowledge of unreleased mayors municipalities to protect of the population in the region Havlíčkobrodsko?" a questionnaire study has been conducted. Because of the research question I created a questionnaire. This questionnaire was distributed among unreleased mayors. This questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part was to protect of the population and the second part was the flood protection. The questionnaire study was completed by 78 % of the respondents. The results of the questionnaire study were evaluated and graphically processed. The results say that the knowledge of unreleased mayors municipalities in the region Havlíčkobrodsko is 33 %. This research has proven to low awareness raising of mayors to protect of the population. Because it is low awareness raising of unreleased mayors, it is important to focus on improvement to awareness raising of of unreleased mayors municipalities in this problems.

School readiness for an emergency situation should be one of the basic priorities for all employers and employees of these facilities. For this purpose, there was implemented a questionnaire survey with three types of questionnaires a questionnaire for school principals, teachers and students. The theoretical part deals with of legislative definition of emergency situation and terminology of concepts such as safety or emergency, emergency situation, an emergency threat, rescue and liquidation work, crisis situations, integrated rescue system, protection of the population and evacuation. Another chapter is the concept of public protection teaching , which is divided into periods before 1989 and after 1989. Within chapters population protection before 1989, we may include terms such as antiaircraft civil protection, civil defense and military training the concept of . Teaching in area of the population for emergencies in the Czech Republic after 1989 is divided into preschool education, elementary education, secondary education and university education. This chapter included preventive educational activities directed at the desired target group. Further chapters in the theoretical part of the thesis are Protection of Population and Concept of Population Protection. The last chapter was focused on the current state of schools in the Czech Republic, in the South Bohemian Region and in the city České Budějovice. The target of the research part was to assess the readiness of selected schools in the emergency situation. For the purpose of research were developed three types of questionnaires. The first questionnaire was designed for school principals and contained 26 questions. Questions have closed answers. The beginning of the questionnaire characterizes the research sample. Followed by the thematic block that deals with the evacuation plan and the subsequent evacuation. Further questions are aimed to asses the readiness of schools, teachers and students for the emergency situation. The last questions asks whether directors ward appreciated to retrain the teachers in the area of Human Protection in emergency situation. The second questionnaire was intended for teachers. It included 34 questions and was organized into two thematic sections. The questionnaire was a combination of open and closed questions. The beginning of the questionnaire characterizes the research sample. The first thematic section discusses about the evacuation plan, how often it is performed evacuation training, whether the school is working with the Integrated Rescue System, whether the students are acquainted with the recommended behavior when an emergency event is and how, whether teachers participate in training to protect the population, or which training or thematic area should bet he best for them. The second thematic section was focused on the teacher knowledges. The third questionnaire was for students and included 28 questions. The first three questions were used to gather information about the respondent. After the questionnaire was focused on the students' knowledge in the area of civil protection, fire protection, first aid, release of radioactive and chemical substances. Each area contained four questions. Another 3 questions were focused on the knowledge of phone numbers which students should know in case of emergency. The last issues examined whether and how they were pupils and students introduced with the recommended behavior in the course of an emergency event.In case of school principals was used as a qualitative method PAPI - Paper and Pen Interviewing. This method is based on personal interviews in which respondents' answers recorded in a printed, standardized questionnaire. In The questionnaire for teachers and students was used a quantitative methods of questionnaire survey. All results were entered into the Excel program, which is a part of the Microsoft Office software package and evaluated in graphs.

Civil Defence was in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in 1990, defined as a set of measures that are intended to prepare the state and the society it lives to defend before the war. Armed conflict in the then bipolar world could occur within a few days because of preparation for such a conflict took place on both sides for decades. Quitting called. Cold War, a period in which to minimize the possibility of a global military confrontation. However, the newly defined and continue to occur, often difficult to predict, security threats and risks. Protection of lives, health and property values, along with sovereignty, territorial integrity and protection of the democratic foundations of the newly formed Czech Republic, the basic duty of the state. Responsibility for the protection of the population in the newly constructed system of protection of the population in the Czech Republic, partially transferred and distributed to all levels of government, including municipalities and small towns. Newly constructed Integrated rescue system became progressively a linchpin in the coordination of activities and procedures in preparing for emergencies in rescue and clean up operations and to protect against the crisis states, and after the state of emergency. This thesis is aimed to carry out data collection from ten cities of the reporting period with extended powers, which is based in the South Region. File data collected will be evaluated and the evaluation in order to determine the economic performance of the financing protection of the population in a particular city. The assessment will be done in relation to the basic element of civil protection units which are voluntary municipal fire brigade. The thesis will be evaluated the impact of funding fire protection budget of the municipality. Work wonders, what is the trend in financing those units while trying to answer the question, what is the impact on the budget funding specific community. Both responses will be made a conclusion that communicate, whether financing is adequate fire protection units or not. Investigations will be carried out at one of the village extended powers, therefore, from a global perspective, this will not result in a valid conclusion about the crucial work. Wider research on the topic, with a similar focus, however, may, if the interests of society, such data can bring.

Superior readiness of the inhabitants for the emergency situation caused by radiation accident is a very important condition for managing these situations, further for trouble-free adoption of measures related to the protection of life and health for each individual. Persons should be conscious of the hazard of emergency situations and within oneself be prepared to help themselves and each other. The objective of this master thesis is to examine the readiness of the inhabitants of the emergency planning zones of the Nuclear power plants in Czech Republic (Dukovany NPP) and in Slovakia (Jaslovské Bohunice NPP) to the emergency situation and to assess, if the readiness in both countries differs. The Nuclear power plants in Dukovany and in Jaslovské Bohunice were chosen for the particular reason, that both facilities were constructed and put into operation at the time of existence of the common state of Czech and Slovaks. The starting point is a working thesis that the readiness of the inhabitants for managing the emergency situation in the planning zones of the Nuclear power plants in Czech Republic and in Slovakia was on the same level. Considering the population differentiation, I analysed separately the answers of respondents in the age group of the 4165 year old. Theoretical part of my thesis initially focuses on the historical development of Nuclear power plants on the territory of the former Czechoslovakia and deals with the advantages and disadvantages of the production of electricity in a fission reaction. The other part deals with safety and operational security of the Nuclear power plants. Here is mentioned the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale, including the examples of nuclear facilities accidents. At the conclusion of the theoretical part is a survey of legislative regulations concerning the nuclear safety and protection of the population in both countries and a survey of measures concerning protection of the population in the event of radiation accident. The experimental part of my thesis started in form of questionnaire inquiry by the inhabitants of both emergence planning zones. Half of the 16 questions in total is analysed by the means of descriptive and mathematical statistics, the answers to the other questions refer to behavior, informedness, readiness and differing needs of individuals in case of emergency shelter in place or evacuation from the actual occurrence of radiation accident. The hypothesis was verified by applying the two-selective parametric testing. By means of the t-test it could be proved, that there is no statistically significant difference between the inhabitants readiness in the both emergence planning zones. The hypothesis was therefore accepted. By applying the chi-square test it was elicited, that the empirical distribution of both selective statistical sets can by replaced by a normal distribution, both empirical curves can by therefore replaced by a Gauss curve. This partial research focuses on the age group of the 41-65 year old. Also in this case could be proved by means of chi-square test the normality of both statistical sets. Also the application of two-selective parametric testing approved, that the readiness of the population of the age group under investigation do not vary in the both zones. The particular answers were recorded graphically and in the following discussion were commented the differences and specifics with regard to the differing knowledge, behavior and specific requirements of the people in case of evacuation. In context of the results measured in the particular zones of accident planning it could be useful to consider, if in place of the normal distribution of readiness not another for example the Poisson distribution - would be more suitable, that could possibly testify better readiness for emergency accidents. Very important role plays enlightenment and education in such form that will arouse interest in the given problems in the population.

Almost every day, people are exposed to various dangers that pose for them unexpected situations, such as natural disasters, accidents or variety of accidents involving the release of hazardous substances. To reduce these incidents the state adopts various measures such as legal standards. Such a main measure is to protect the population. To mitigate the effects of emergencies it is necessary citizens also know how to preserve these adverse situations, how they react and how to help themselves and the others. It is possible however not without constant education. Education and population education should start at an early age and throughout life would have knowledge in this area should get deeper. In the theoretical part of this thesis all the incidents with which one can meet are described. Whether it is an extraordinary event caused by natural or caused by man. Further on procedures relating to just protect the population. How to behave at the signal "general alert" to prepare for an evacuation and how you perform or how to hide in the case of danger. Furthermore acquainted with crisis situations that may arise. Also important they are the procedures of the individual components of the integrated rescue system, which play a big role in fighting emergencies. Finally, theoretical part explains the statistics, which represent a large percentage of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate students' knowledge selected at secondary schools in the occurrence of the incident and the knowledge of the activities arising for citizens in case of emergency on the territory of the district Klatovy. Subsequently, two hypotheses were set, namely: H1: "Students selected secondary schools are aware of the possibility of extraordinary events in the town Klatovy" and H2: "Students from higher grades have more information on the issue of protecting the population than students of lower classes." To these targets and verify of the hypotheses it was necessary to compile an anonymous questionnaire focused on this issue and agree with it on statistical surveys. The survey was conducted at a secondary school at Business college in Klatovy and the sample consisted the numer of 200 students. 100 students from the 1st and 2nd grade and 100 students from the 3rd and 4th grades. The questionnaire contained 13 questions and there was always only one correct answer. The success rate among the issues was very diverse. The results were striking some questions, but there are also questions that the students completed without any problems. The term "general warning" was known only by 21% of students. This means that if a general warning tone will be 79% of the students know what to do. Conversely, 90% of students knew with an overview of important phone numbers to be dialed in an emergency. Only 39% of students have an overview of the risks due to them on the territory of district Nýrsko water reservoir. 86% of all students have a good grasp of the individual components of the integrated rescue system. Overall, students with lower grades were successful 49% success rate. 42% of students got older. Then 7% less. Through descriptive and mathematical statistics the evaluation of hypothese was achieved. Hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed on the basis of descriptive statistics. Hypothesis no. 2 was refuted by means of mathematical statistics, which means that students of higher classes have no more information to the occurrence of extraordinary events on the territory of district of Klatovy. All the data is processed and presented in the "Discussion" and "Results". The results of this work have been forwarded to the school management representatives who act as an annual lecture on emergency and the first aid principles in the context of armed courses Hracholuska dam. The questions used in the questionnaires can be used and properly explained during these mandatory courses within the presentations that focus on individual questions used in the questionnair

Spectrum of threat types and their combination is very extensive. The essence remained for chiliads unchanged, but during the development of mankind some patterns extinct or changed their shape, other reappear. Efficient managing of emergency situations requires beside this competent specialists, organizations, systems and legislative regulations and also ready and well-informed population. Principal part of knowledge and skills in the field of inhabitants protection and behavior in the emergency situation acquire the kids on the primary and secondary level of education. This object is included in the education on the primary and secondary schools according to Instruction of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport about the integration of the subject of protection of man in a emergency situation into the education program, r. n. 13 586/03-22, and the related appendix to the educational documents "Protection of man in emergency situations", r. n. 13 586/03-22 of the 4. march 2003. Education proceeds to the extent of at least 6 lessons in every class, most often cross-sectional within the selected school subjects. Very important role in the education of inhabitants plays Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic. This master thesis focuses as one of its main goals on the inquiry of the knowledge and opinions of the selected age group of 15 to 20 years old related to the behavior in the emergency situation and to the knowledge of the integrated rescue system. Another goal was to find out, if the results of the inquiry are influenced by the fact, that the school and permanent home of the student is situated within or outside the emergency planning zone of the Dukovany nuclear power plant (EPZ Dukovany NPP). The theoretical part focuses mainly on the development of the education of children and youth in the field of protection of population after 1991 and on the contemporary system of education in the field of protection of man in emergency accident on professional and grammar schools. In the experimental part of the thesis two hypothesis were set. According to H1 should at least 75 % of the students correctly answer more than half of the questions. H2 was divided into two partial hypothesis, whereas it was supposed, that between the informedness of the students of grammar schools resident and studying within EPZ Dukovany NPP or outside EPZ Dukovany NPP and the students of the professional schools resident or studying in EPZ Dukovany NPP and outside EPZ Dukovany NPP these is no statistically significant difference. Presented data were acquired on the chosen schools within and outside the EPZ Dukovany NPP in the form of questionnaire survey. Questionnaire was set together from four questions of qualitative nature and 16 questions of quantitative nature. On the grounds of the measure data it was necessary to reject the hypothesis H1, since only 21,5 % of the students answered correctly more than a half of the answers. The average achievement in the questionnaire was 41,3 % of correct answers. In the testing of parametric hypothesis was by means of comparison of the selective statistical sets proved, that the informedness of the students of both types of secondary schools is on the same level and further that there is no significant statistical difference between the informedness of grammar school students living in and outside the EPZ Dukovany NPP. The hypothesis H2 was thereafter confirmed. The results imply, that the informedness of students in the field of the protection of population is insufficient. As a suitable solution of this problem appears the education of these topic within a separate subject focused on the protection of man.

Comparison of knowledge of the general and professional public on the protection of the population in the selected region. sufficient knowledge of public, no matter if general public or professionals in area of homeland security are required for preservation of secure environment for living. To process this thesis was first necessary to set goals. The goals of the study were stated as follows: - To define terms related to the protection of the population carried out in the Czech Republic. - To list conditions which the population must be protected from. - To list activities leading to improve homeland security and duties of responsible people. - To identify differences in knowledge of general and professional public on this issue - To compare the level of knowledge of specialists in homeland security and of general population based on proving or disproving the hypotheses about the level of knowledge. Firstly, to achieve the fundamental goal of this thesis was to create a structured overview of exceptional events that endanger life, health and property of population. Then were defined organisational and technical measures that have to prevent life loss, to mitigate the consequences that negatively affect health of population and minimize property damage. Based on the definition of all relevant aspects of homeland security was, under the supervision of a specialist in homeland security area, created a structured questionnaire which was subsequently applied by both the general and professional public. The form has been sent out to the group of 50 specialists and 50 unspecialized people. The existence of normal division of knowledge was verified among general population, while Poisson distribution was tested among specialists. During the measurement was also tested the difference between the knowledge of specialists and common people. To achieve the basic goal of the thesis were set three hypotheses, of which verification was based on descriptive and mathematical statistic methods. Hypotheses were set as follows: H1: The knowledge of homeland security area is spread by Poisson distribution function among specialists H2: The knowledge of homeland security area is spread by normal (Gaussian) distribution function among general population. H3: The level of knowledge of homeland security area of specialists is higher than general population's knowledge. The first hypothesis H1 was proved by 2 test and on its results was hypothesis H1 disproved. According to the statistic calculation the distribution of knowledge among specialists did not correspond to Poisson distribution, but theoretically is closer to Gaussian distribution. As for the second hypothesis, the distribution of the results of statistical measuring was compared to Gaussian distribution and by 2 test H2 was proved. The distribution of knowledge of the general public corresponds to Gaussian distribution. The third hypothesis was tested via a double-choose t-test method and based on its results it was found that there is a statistically significant difference between homeland security knowledge of specialists and general public. Hypothesis H3 was thus proved. The answers of respondents were presented by comparison bar charts of right answers of general and professional public, evaluated in discussion. At some of questions with big different results were described possible causes and offered changes for knowledge expansion. In the meaning of knowledge expansion there was created a feedback, sent backwards to respondents of statistic research. Attached to feedback is this diploma thesis.

in English This document has been prepared as a guide in the development of CS and EE for municipalities in the Czech Republic. An introductory part of this thesis describes legislation which deals with ensuring the state's security and obligations as basic function of the state. Primary duties of the state is protection of the Czech Republic, protection of population, protection of basic living conditions and needs, assets, cultural values and the environment. Next responsibility includes performance of the state government, local government, ensuring the legality, safety and internal order. Duty of the state is also provision of transport services, key systems for maintaining the functionality and security of the state and ensuring the functionality of crisis management and emergency services. The bachelor thesis describes the coordination and composition of rescue units IRS, which are composed of FRS, FES and police. IRS, by law n. 239/2000 Coll., carries out coordinated approach in preparing at EE, during RaLW, during protecting the population before EE and during EE. The coordinated action is performed through an IRS OaIC FRS, which is dispatch center for all regional departments FRS. It is determined for receiving emergency calls from municipalities. Based on these emergency calls about EE dispatch center sends forces and resources for disposal of EE to affected municipalities . OaIC mediates organization of tasks which are solved from commander of the intervention and performs tasks which are assigned from authorities authorized for coordination of RaLW. Furthermore OaIC provides notification for basic and other units of IRS. In addition provides notification for state agencies and local governments. An IRS's notifications are done according to emergency plan of the region and external emergency plan. OaIC further calls and deploys IRS forces and resources according to emergency plan or as required by commander of the intervention. It performs population warning in the danger area in a case of risk delay. OaIC provides information service for crisis management of municipalities or crises staff, if they are based after origin EE or statement CS. The thesis is focused on the procedures and responsibilities mayor municipality and municipality with extended powers during solving EE and CS in the municipality's administrative district. If EE is begun, the mayor is informed from OaIC FRS. Subsequently he informs his representative, secretary of office and other responsible person of the municipality. The mayor's duties are warn inhabitants, organize evacuation and if necessary sheltering persons. Organisation of emergency survival for inhabitant uses an extract from the emergency plan region. During performing RaLW, the mayor is authorized to ask legal and physical persons for providing personal or material help. Municipality with extended powers as designated municipality in delegated powers executes state administration during solving EE and CS. It assists to municipalities in its administrative district during solving EE and CS. The thesis deals with deployment of FaR ACR which can be used for performing tasks with police, performing RaLW, eliminating consequences of disaster, eliminating other risks with using military techniques or performing humanitarian tasks of civil protection. Using ACR for tasks with police and RaLW is possible according to law n. 219/1999 Coll. But the government have to do a decision about deployment. The ACR as a component of other units IRS provides assistance upon request according to law n. 239/2000 Coll. FaR ACR may be required in written application from OaIC through COC MoD to Chief of Staff. This planned and requested assistance are obligated to provide SRC Rakovník, SRC Olomouc and FaR ACR according to earmarked units pursuant to central alarm plan. The thesis assesses views of mayors who have experience with FaR ACR during RaLW after disasters in latest years.

More and more frequent vagaries of the weather, repeated natural disasters, increasing environmental pollution, industry expansion, overpopulation of the planet, religious disturbances, terrorist attacks, wars ? all this and much more matters to the whole human society. The terms such as ?emergency event? and ?crisis situation? are used hand in hand with this in the mass media on a daily basis. In particular, public protection was shaped by the World Wars and the so-called Cold War in the 20th century. Terrorism, uses of nuclear core and religious come into play in the 21st century. Advanced societies, like the Czech Republic, have responded to such a development by adopting a number of measures, creating lots of legal documents, establishing an integrated rescue system designed for managing emergency events. Professionalism of the integrated rescue system keeps improving. But what about an individual who the mentioned events also matter to? What information do the children have nowadays, would they be able to react correctly in emergencies, would they be able to give first aid in a right way? As for teaching public protection, how have the schools adopted themselves to the new era? History and the present of the development of the public protection are described in the theoretical part of the presented thesis. he public protection is viewed within the context of the present days and society i.a. in relation to the multinational organizations and European Community. The description of the school system of teaching public protection is the main linchpin of the theoretical part of the thesis. Guidance Notes by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (the ?MŠMT?) ref. No. 12 050/03-22 to include the topic of protection of man in emergencies into the educational programmes and Guidance Notes by the MŠMT ref. No. 13 586/03-22 Protection of Man in Emergencies ? Amendment to the Teaching Materials for Primary Schools, Secondary Schools, Special Schools and Colleges of 4 March 2003 are the main regulations in this area. Following these documents, the level of cooperation between schools and the integrated rescue system in relation to the comprehensive teaching in the area of public protection in theory is described in the thesis. A hypothesis has been defined for the diploma thesis: Preparedness of primary school pupils in České Budějovice in the area of public protection is only basic. In order to confirm or disapprove this hypothesis, 14 primary schools in České Budějovice founded by the Statutory Town of České Budějovice were addressed in the research part of the thesis. After finding out what the situation at the individual schools is, a selective statistical set of 150 pupils was selected from the set of 28 years 9 of the above-mentioned primary schools and 681 pupils using a stratified sampling method. They were presented with a standard test originating from the test for year 9 outlined in accordance with the guidance notes by the MŠMT and the document ?Documents for Teaching the Issues of Protection of Man in Common Risk Areas and Emergencies at Primary Schools?. Basic methods of descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the test. The hypothesis was not confirmed, which is accounted for in detail in the final part of the thesis. The evaluation of the test results shows significantly better than just pupils? basic knowledge in the area of public protection. Zero hypothesis has been accepted on the basis of the experimental test and the empirical classification was replaced by the theoretical common classification i.e. Gauss curve. The intention of the use in practice has been to offer the thesis results to the primary schools for self-reflection, comparison and expansion or enrichment of the teaching plans. The participating schools were interested in being provided with the individual results already while processing the tests and in this respect they were satisfied.

After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the national defence education program was terminated. Since it played an important role in the education of the population it was eventually restored in 2003 at primary and secondary schools when a general education program of national defence was introduced. The extend of the education was agreed for 6 hour per year, however, it was not clear in which school subject this matter should be addressed. Since then the government succeed in issuing several conceptual guides describing the outline of the education for both pupils and teachers. The guarantor of the program became the General Directorate of Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, who publishes a large number of training documents. Soon after, the issue is also dealt by the civilian sector that gradually increases numbers of manuals and textbooks focusing on the theme of population protection. Consequently in 2012, they succeed in introducing a compulsory subject called "Human Protection in Emergency Situations" at pedagogical faculties. These progressive measures target to improve a teaching methods and a general education at primary and secondary schools in the area of population preparedness to deal with an emergency situations such as floods or hazardous substances leakage from threatening factories. This work focuses on a level of preparedness of students and teachers in a primary and secondary schools, which are located in areas with a thread of leakage, conflagration or possible explosions. The first theoretical part focuses on the history of a protection of a population in the world and consequently in the Czech Republic. History significantly affects this area. Therefore a considerable portion of a theoretical part has been dedicated to it. In the next section the impact of the current legislation laws to protect the population have been analysed. This analysis focuses especially on laws which are most vital for this field. Following section points out, which governmental and non-governmental institutions have the highest responsibility for the primary and secondary education, the level of population preparedness and the knowledge in the area of the studied subject. The last part of the theoretical work analyses the environment in which the sociological research had been conducted. It contains more information about schools in which the survey had been performed by means of questionnaires. The main purpose of this chapter is to point out the characteristics of the schools. Another part analyses the territory in which the schools are located, their capacity, diversity of students, especially weather there are non-Czech speaking or handicapped pupils, or within which time zone the schools are. All schools also support various extracurricular activities, and the thematic group activities. Based on my practical experience from the lectures I pre-set the level of the students and teachers? preparedness in case of extraordinary events within threatening company is low or almost unsatisfactory. Consequently, the respondents undertook 10 test questions. In the practical part of this work, the questionnaire survey was assessed both by means of statistical methods and a thorough analysis of the individual questions answered. To simplify the evaluation, statistical methods were used by means of negating hypotheses of the proposition. In other words, the level of the preparedness will be satisfactory. Subsequent evaluation of the sociological research revealed that the level is satisfactory at all schools. In general, both students and teachers achieved overall pleasing results. The results of the survey will be provided to the Fire Rescue Service of the Pardubice Region to utilize them to streamline all the activities related to the education of students of the surveyed schools.

Příspěvek se zabývá ochranou obyvatelstva nacházejícího se uvnitř obchodního centra v situaci, kdy dojde uvnitř objektu k rozptylu toxické látky. Bezpečnostní opatření byla zpracována na základě monitorování šíření rozptýleného amylacetátu při experimentálních měřeních. Za reálných provozních podmínek byly v obchodním centru uskutečněny dva experimenty kopírující myšlení útočníků zneužít objekt s cílem usmrtit osoby v něm se nacházející. Z vyhodnocených experimentálních závislostí byly navrženy zásady ochrany pro obyvatelstvo nacházející se uvnitř objektu při úniku nebezpečné chemické látky. This paper deals with the protection of the population located inside a shopping center in a situation, when toxic substance is dispersed inside the building. Security measures had been prepared on the basis of monitoring the spread of amylacetate during experimental measurements. Under real operating conditions in the shopping center were realized two experiments replicating thinking attackers to exploit object for killing people. The evaluated experimental dependence conducted to creating protective measures in a public building, which lead to minimization of consequences in case of chemical attack inside public building.

The bachelor thesis Preventive education of young people in the field of civil protection at primary and secondary schools deals with the history of the issue, with an educational programme and with the problems of protection in exceptional circumstances at present. The practical part is based on a questionnaire research conducted among primary school pupils and secondary school students and primary and secondary school teachers examining the present state of knowledge in the field of civil protection in special conditions among students and teachers of primary and secondary schools. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate accessibility of information, use of published manuals and textbooks dealing with civil protection in special conditions, the history of education of pupils in the field of civil protection and to compare transfer of information to the teachers, to assess whether it is transferred to students to a sufficient extent. A hypothesis presumes that education of primary and secondary students in the field of civil protection is sufficient and that primary and secondary students are able to apply the obtained knowledge to real situations. The thesis is based on the methodology of comparison, transfer of information on civil protection from the Fire Rescue Department of the Czech Republic to primary and secondary students or teachers, data collection from five primary and five secondary schools in the region, from 50 students and 5 teachers from each school, and evaluation of the questionnaires based on the replies.

This diploma thesis deals with the methods of population protection from hazardous chemicals in the event of an emergency situation. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of legislation that governs hazardous chemicals and it pays special attention to the risks related to the transportation of hazardous chemicals and their subsequent leakage. The thesis describes selected hazardous chemicals and informs of accidents that have happened recently. It is also pays attention to warnings, evacuation, providing shelter and the means of improvised protection, which is the most important factor for common public. People meet tanker cars transporting chemicals everywhere and every day; therefore, the protection of population should be aimed in this direction. People often do not know how to behave in situations like this. A questionnaire was compiled for research in the practical part; the questionnaire was intended to find out about the level of knowledge among people. Through the evaluation of population informedness and based on the questionnaire results, a suitable form of education was proposed to fill a gap in the knowledge (a pocket guide). At the same time, the questionnaires were distributed among the staff of the Fire and Rescue System with the aim of confirming their preparedness as well. The preparedness of the Fire and Rescue System is also documented by the analysis of photographs from a tactical drill aimed at a leakage of a hazardous chemical during transport.

For this final paper, I chose a rather serious topic that is very topical in our society. Hazardous chemical substance ? ammonia ? is used very widely at present. Ammonia is used as a coolant in various plants. I have compiled a list of all plants in South Bohemia that work with ammonia, including ice rinks. I characterized the properties of ammonia, what damage it causes to the human organism and the environment. I noted a list of accidents during which there have been ammonia leakages of ammonia and I analyzed one accident using a software programme called TerEx. I chose the building of the ice rink in České Budějovice for my research. The objective was to determine the amount of ammonia and to simulate, using the TerEx software programme, an accident with a potential ammonia leakage from the ice rink. I also listed all the activities of the individual components of the Integrated Rescue System, which would help during such an accident, as well as urgent and follow-up measures that would be used. Having assessed the results I came to the conclusion that ammonia leakage from the ice rink would have serious impacts on the residents of České Budějovice. Finally I explained what the terms of evacuation and individual protection mean for the people lining around the ice rink.

The graduation theses gives the general information about people´s protection in extraordinary situations at home, where the offender is a member of the family. It aims at police strategy by protection the victim of some crime. The key role in the system belongs to the Police of the Czech Republic, who is in most cases the first one who meet the victim and the offender and who has authority to control and to stop the social unacceptable behaving. Part of the graduated theses is to explain what is dangerous persecution-stalking. Also the kinds and victims of dangerous persecution, assessing og dangerousness. The problem of a victim is a very important part which was neclegted in the past. Also the fact that a deep knowledge in this problems is very important for the Police is written in my theses. Next part of my theses is explanation of victimology and characterization of the key word ?victim?. The role of the intervention center and their cooperation with the Police of the Czech Republic by protecting the victim and solving the extraordinary situations at home. The protecting the victim can be done uder the low § 50 NO.273/2008 about Police of the Czech republic and because of that there is methodology of police´s procedure by giving the protection to person who need it in my theses.

In my diploma thesis, I focused on the issues related to preparedness in the field of fire protection and the protection of the population in newly established municipalities with extended powers. Within the survey, I sent out 205 questionnaires to the municipalities with extended powers throughout the Czech Republic. In correspondence with the representatives of municipalities with extended powers, I noticed in their responses more than apparent differences, especially in open questions.

This diploma thesis ``Determining the number of citizens that will be evacuated in the case of a serious, extraordinary event or a crisis situation{\crq}q aims to assess the level of awareness of the residents of the South Bohemia Region about evacuation and those risks in their surroundings, especially to detect just how many people (families) would chose to spontaneous evacuate themselves in the event of an extraordinary event or crisis situation and how many residents would do so with the provision of transport. This information has been obtained by means of questionnaires. In the description of the current situation, there is an overview of the laws and the establishment of the basic concepts related to evacuation. The practical part deals with the evaluation of questionnaires that were distributed to the residents of the South Bohemia Region, and there is also a summary of this information within a comprehensive overview, including the division of the point of view between men and women, and the assessment of these results within the District of South Bohemia Region. Preventative educational work among the population will contribute to the appropriate behaviour during these extraordinary events, which will assist the authorities in providing for the successful accomplishment of this evacuation. These good practices will reduce the health risks of people and will also prevent material and financial loss.

In the first part of the bachelor thesis I covered historical development of population protection, basic terms used in crisis management, protection of population, integrated rescue system, crisis management, crisis management bodies, management of extraordinary events and crisis conditions and a list of extraordinary events and crisis conditions which may potentially occur in České Budějovice and Prachatice. Drawing on legislation, professional literature, my own personal interviews and practice, I have compiled basic material in which I deal with planning in events of crises, because it is the first manager task and is indispensable for the solution of extraordinary events and crisis states. In the following two chapters, I deal with the general procedure of the solution of extraordinary events and crisis situations (before and while they occur, during their solution and after these situations die away) and crisis legislation.

Evacuation is known to be the most effective measure in protection of the population, particularly when completed before an extraordinary event occurs. Sheltering of population in permanent and improvised shelters would be of major importance in case of a war conflict. This bachelor thesis seeks to clarify the terms of evacuation and sheltering and all activities associated therewith and to evaluate the status of their assurance. The chapter dealing with the current status contains the basic terms relating to those measures and a brief description of evacuation and its classification. It also describes sheltering of the population and an overview of individual types of shelters, including improvised shelters. The chapter also includes an overview of basic legal standards associated with this issue. The following chapters deal directly with evacuation and sheltering plans. Each plan is described, including an outline of individual organizational measures and responsibilities for their execution. The thesis uses the current legal standards and the current concept of protection of the population as a baseline.

The present bachelor's thesis aims at finding out the state of knowledge of the general public, various age groups or obtained training of the Czech inhabitants in what to do in an emergency situation when lives, health or property of people is in threat or the environment, and it does so using a questionnaire survey. It also aims at making the general public familiar with the position of the population protection, tasks and measures of the Integrated Rescue System corpses, general recommendations when we find ourselves in any emergency situation, or an extraordinary situation The results of the bachelor's thesis will be used by the Fire and Rescue Brigade of the South-Bohemian Region, presenting and introducing population protection and the Integrated Rescue System to the general public. For meeting the objectives and proving the hypothesis I used an anonymous questionnaire which makes up a part of the bachelor's thesis and the aim of which was to find out and to question knowledge of the general public in the area of population protection. At present, the population protection in the Czech Republic is at a good European level, but we still need to speak with our neighbours, we live in a hectic way and we lack energy for a friendly neighbourly relationship, or even organizing and solving problems despite the fact that there are still few emergency situations, but we cannot exclude that it will not change in the future. That is why it is very important that if an emergency situation happens, the general public learn about it in time and they get professional or practical training rather than depending on decisions made at the place of intervention.

Nowadays more and more new chemicals are used for numerous technologies and ap-plications by diverse chemical, plastic processing and other companies. Are all such companies fit to manage and solve chemical breakdowns, extraordinary events and critical or even emergency situations? Surely a very interesting question. Therefore I have decided for my study to analyse a crisis management system of a plastic processing company located in the City of Liban, region Hradec Kralove. Current status of coordination of the integrated rescue system (hereinafter referred to as the "IZS"). Classification of hazardous chemical substances. Simulating of extraordinary events using the software tool TerEx with respect to diverse chemicals operated by and within the Company. Evaluation of selected chemical substances according to hazards induced. Risk analysis, Analysis of occurrance of extraordinary events like e. g. windstorm, fire or escape of dangerous chemical substance, disconnecting of supply medium (heat, energy, power, water) and their treatment. Methods of actions at threat of bomb attack. Determination whether the IZS coordination including of the documentation elaborated are satisfactory with respect to the plastic processing company as well as with respect to successful mastering of extraordinary and emergency situations. Crisis management of business economics and economic distress.

The production of electric energy is mostly provided through the medium of nuclear power in present days. The new alternative resources available to provide production of nuclear power are being still looked for. However, we have to consider the possibility of jeopardy caused by nuclear power production. The habitant protection and preventive measures planning are provided by governmental agencies, town and village municipalities, the salvage services and other organizations. This work is aimed to provide the description of habitant protection and knowledge in area of accident planning during serious accident of Temelin NPP and to verify and confirm if present serious accident planning measures with legal rules are sufficient at determined level and if are able to provide the measures connected with habitant protection. The target of this work was to make the analysis of present state of habitant protection as a part of serious accident planning and to verify the preparedness of competent executives and territorial agencies to solve the serious accident including the protective measures and competencies division according to their importance in the area of NPP Temelin. The object was to find out if the present accident organizational structure is created and fulfills all responsibilities connected with implementation and solving of emergency situations. The part of this work evaluation is the question survey concerning the preparedness and awareness of people living in the area of NPP in case of serious accident. The results of question survey could be seen in graphic form.

The Position of Crisis Management in Organizational Structures during Common and Crisis Situations with the Focus on Municipalities with Extended Activities Crisis management in municipalities with extended activities is determined by the laws of the Czech Republic, and that is why it is strictly specified. However, it has not the same position and importance everywhere. It depends on many circumstances. The thesis begins with the introduction to problems, where the structure of South Bohemian region, characteristic of municipality with extended activities and its crisis management are briefly described. Furthermore it deals with crisis management during common and crisis state, where it analyses the tasks of particular organs of crisis management (security board of given municipality, workers of crisis management, mayor of municipalities with extended activities, crisis staff, flood committee and particular departments of municipal offices) under mentioned conditions. The study itself analyses placement and position of municipal offices. Information for this study was required by means of personal contact, questionnaires and analysis of official www pages of municipalities with extended activities.

Within the state safety sector are determined fields of activities and authorities for emergency situation preparation and solution for individual state bodies in accordance with valid legal directives in Czech Republic. The main goal of this Bachelor{\crq}s work is to analyze the present safety system in Czech Republic and legal boundaries determining state bodies and municipality bodies{\crq} preparation in order to solve relevant emergency events. The following part is aimed at verifying if present legal boundaries, personnel and material preparation are sufficient for ensuring the state safety system basic assignments performance. The analysis of safety system laws and documents valid in Czech Republic and own safety system analysis in sense of showing legislation development and valid legal standards are presented in individual articles of this Bachelor{\crq}s work. To make these problems clear the identification of safety risks leading to emergency event creation there are characterized terms of emergency event and individual groups of possible risks. On the basis of these specifications in this work the attention was aimed at determination of system state bodies and municipality bodies{\crq} fields of activities and authorities, mainly in phase of emergency event preparation and solution. The problems existing in this field mainly occurring in practical usage of individual legal standards are stated in this work on the basis of analysis results. It is essential if legislation terms are unified and cleared and power and responsibilities refilled to some bodies of security system of Czech Republic, mainly villages with widened field of activity and resolved not unified territorial authority of concurring bodies of integrated rescue systems in order to secure the unified procedure of emergency events preparation and solution.

At he beginning of my thesis some basic notions are explained and there is a brief survey and conditions of the creation of legislation regulating the discussed problems, i.e. emergency laws, laws regarding dangerous substances handling and Nuclear Act above all. In the second part I analyze the readiness of state and community bodies for non-military critical situations (emergency legislation, documents of emergency planning) and for the solution of extraordinary events, I emphasize the task and activities of the integrated emergency system. In the following text I focus in detail on the legislation related to the way of securing and handling dangerous substances and radioactive substances. These are the following acts above all: Act on the Prevention of Serious Accidents (duties of operators handling dangerous substances, participation of public and its informing, state administration), Act on Chemical Substances and Chemical Agents (classification, testing and registration, marking and packaging of chemical substances and agents, transport of dangerous substances), Act on Waste and problems of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation are regulated by the Nuclear Act (nuclear safety and readiness for accidents, measures in the zone of emergency planning). This legislation is completed and detailed by some orders and regulations. The practical part is focused mainly on realizing the level of public knowledge and public awareness, mostly in the surroundings of institutions handling dangerous substances, about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions and about the suitable behaviour of inhabitants in case of an emergency connected with dangerous substances leakage. In the introduction of the practical part I state the characteristics of the survey as a whole, I define the basic file of respondents (from the point of view of identification marks), I describe methods used. In the next part I briefly state the examined regions from the point of view of the occurance of emergencies of dangerous substances leakage. I used the form of a questionnaire for handling this. The questionnaire was focused on questions about real knowledge (toxic effects of some substances, marking dangerous substances, emergency numbers knowledge, axioms of the behaviour of public in case of en emergency of dangerous substances leakage, nuclear problems). In an enclosure to the questionnaire I ask about the interest of the respondents in these problems and their preferences as for a suitable way to be informed about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions. The results of the survey are detailed in the chapter with this title. At the end of my thesis I state some recommended forms how to improve the know-how of public in emergency of dangerous substances leakage. The end of my thesis and the discussion focus on results summary and comparison of the results of my thesis with the results of other authors.

The first part is devoted to the period of origin and formation of International movement The red Cros and the red half-moon. Some extra etention is paid to the personality of Henry Dunant here. The next is a part about evolution and field of action of the Red cross in the area of The Czechoslovak - later Czech republic. The last chapter is devoted to field of action of the state-organized civil protection.