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Brassica napus, commonly known as rapeseed or canola, is a major oil crop contributing over 13% to the stable supply of edible vegetable oil worldwide. Identification and understanding the gene functions in the B. napus genome is crucial for genomic breeding. A group of genes controlling agronomic traits have been successfully cloned through functional genomics studies in B. napus. In this review, we present an overview of the progress made in the functional genomics of B. napus, including the availability of germplasm resources, omics databases and cloned functional genes. Based on the current progress, we also highlight the main challenges and perspectives in this field. The advances in the functional genomics of B. napus contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis underlying the complex agronomic traits in B. napus and will expedite the breeding of high quality, high resistance and high yield in B. napus varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Canola (Brassica napus) is an important oil crop worldwide. The seed‐setting rate (SS) is a critical factor in determining its yield, and the development of pistils affects pollination and seed sets. However, research on seed‐setting defects has been limited owing to difficulties in the identification of phenotypes, mutations, and complex genetic mechanisms. In this study, we found a stigma defect (sd) mutant in B. napus, which had no nectary. The SS of sd mutants in the field was approximately 93.4% lower than that of the wild type. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy imaging of sd mutants showed a low density of stigma papillary cells and stigma papillary cell vacuoles that disappeared 16 h after flowering. Genetic analysis of segregated populations showed that two recessive nuclear genes are responsible for the mutant phenotype of sd. Based on re‐sequencing and map‐based cloning, we reduced the candidate sites on ChrA07 (BnaSSA07) and ChrC06 (BnaSSC06) to 30 and 67 kb, including six and eight predicted genes, respectively. Gene analyses showed that a pair of CRABS CLAW (CRC) homeologous genes at BnaSSA07 and BnaSSC06 were associated with the development of carpel and nectary. BnaSSA07.CRC and BnaSSC06.CRC candidate genes were found to be expressed in flower organs only, with significant differences in their expression in the pistils of the near‐isogenic lines. DNA sequencing showed transposon insertions in the upstream region and intron of the candidate gene BnaSSA07.crc. We also found that BnaSSC06.crc exists widely in the natural population and we give possible reasons for its widespread existence. Significance Statement: The BnaCRCs of domesticated preference are located at A07 and C06 within 30‐ and 67‐kb regions, respectively, as determined by re‐sequencing and map‐based cloning. They were positively correlated with the Brassica napus seed‐setting rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brassica napus L. is a vital oil crop in China. As auxiliary tools for rapeseed breeding, transgenic technologies play a considerable role in heterosis, variety improvement, and pest resistance. Research on transgenic detection technologies is of great significance for the introduction, supervision, and development of transgenic rapeseed in China. However, the transgenic detection methods currently in use are complex and time-consuming, with low output. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip can effectively overcome such limitations. In the present study, we collected 40 transgenic elements and designed 291 probes. The probe sequences were submitted to Illumina Company, and the Infinium chip technology was used to prepare SNP chips. In the present Brassica napus transgenic detection experiment, 84 high-quality probes of 17 transgenic elements were preliminarily screened, and genotyping effect was optimised for the probe signal value. Ultimately, a transgenic detection system for B. napus was developed. The developed system has the advantages of simple operation, minimal technical errors, and stable detection outcomes. A transgenic detection sensitivity test revealed that the probe designed could accurately detect 1% of transgenic samples and had high detection sensitivity. In addition, in repeatability tests, the CaMV35S promoter coefficient of variation was approximately 3.58%. Therefore, the SNP chip had suitable repeatability in transgene detection. The SNP chip developed could be used to construct transgenic detection systems for B. napus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BnTIR: an online transcriptome platform for exploring RNA-seq libraries for oil crop Brassica napus Keywords: Brassica napus; transcriptome; Co-expression; database EN Brassica napus transcriptome Co-expression database 1895 1897 3 10/05/21 20211001 NES 211001 With the increasing availability of massive transcriptome data in plants, it is possible to construct a comprehensive database with multiple transcriptome data and online imputation tools. After entering the I Arabidopsis i gene ID, the phylogenetic tree and expression profile of I BAN i and their four I B. napus i homolog genes were generated in expression module, which were highly expressed at the beginning of the seed development and followed by decreasing expression (Figure 1l). [Extracted from the article]

Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an important oil crop that supplies a considerable amount of global vegetable oil production. Genetic transformation system is important to gene functional analysis and molecular breeding. Here, an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol using hypocotyl of rapeseed as explants is described. To develop this protocol, we compared several essential factors that would affect the transformation efficiency, such as Agrobacterium strains, selection marker genes, and genotypes of rapeseed. Comparison of different Agrobacterium strains showed that the GV3101 had higher transformation efficiency than that of C58C1 and EHA105. HPTII, NPTII, and RePAT were used as selection marker genes in tissue culture. The results showed that the transformation efficiency was 3.7–4.8%, 2.2–22.5%, and 1.6–5.9% when the hypocotyl of Westar was infected by GV3101 and screened under hygromycin, kanamycin, and basta, respectively. The transformation efficiency of Westar was the highest and ZS11 was the lowest when five different genotypes of rapeseed (Westar, ZS9, ZS11, GY284, and WH3417) were infected by GV3101. Using this protocol, it will take 8–10 weeks to obtain transgenic plants. This protocol has been used to study gene function in several genotypes of rapeseed in our laboratory. These results indicate that it is efficient to obtain transgenic plant of rapeseed using this protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]