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Objectives: Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is suggested to be a precursor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and could influence the risk of testosterone deficiency (TD). Fatty liver index (FLI) is a simple and useful screening tool for NAFLD. We determined the association between the risk of NAFLD assessed by FLI and TD in aging Taiwanese men, especially those without MetS. Materials and Methods: A free health screening program was conducted for men (age: >40 years) in a medical center in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. All participants underwent a physical examination; answered a questionnaire assessing demographics, medical history, and clinical symptoms of TD; and provided 20‐mL whole blood samples for biochemical, adipocytokine, and hormonal evaluations. The risk of NAFLD was evaluated using FLI. The presence of NAFLD was ruled out if FLI value was <25 and ruled in if FLI value was ≥35. Results: A total of 552 men (mean age: 54.7 ± 7.7 years) were enrolled. The prevalence rates of TD and MetS were significantly higher among men with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (both p < 0.001). FLI was significantly correlated with total testosterone (TT) and adipocytokines associated with insulin resistance, such as adiponectin, leptin, and retinol‐binding protein‐4 (RBP‐4) levels, respectively (all p < 0.001). Among men without MetS, those at risk of and with NAFLD had a 3.82 and 8.50 times higher risk of TD, respectively, than those without NAFLD after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion: The FLI is associated with the risk of TD in aging Taiwanese men, especially in those without MetS. Our findings also suggest that insulin resistance may be an important link among the inter‐relationships of NAFLD, MetS, and TD. Further population‐based studies with larger sample sizes of different ethnicities are warranted to confirm these preliminary results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MtS) and kidney stone are two common aging diseases with male dominant. This is the first study regarding the potential impact of MtS and its components on kidney stone in aging Chinese population.Methods: A total of 694 males with a mean age of 55.6 years were enrolled. The definition of MtS was according to the modified criteria developed by the Bureau of Health Promotion in Taiwan. Subjects were classified as having a disease of kidney stones according to diagnosis by a physician with available medical records or evidence from ultrasonography judged by an investigator of urologist.Results: Using age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis, our results showed that subjects with kidney stone had significantly higher prevalence of MtS (p = 0.04, OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.0 1-3.00). The presence of MtS had significant correlation with kidney stone (p = 0.01, OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.1 4-2.93), which were associated with the increment of MtS components (p < 0.01). After adjusting for age and testosterone level, abnormal blood pressure (BP) was the most significantly independent component of MtS for kidney stone among the MtS components (p < 0.01, OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.46-5.39).Conclusions: In aging Taiwanese males, the presence of MtS and its components are strongly associated with kidney stone. Abnormal BP is the most significant risk component of MtS for kidney stone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]