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Three new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, named camphanosides A-C (1-3), along with five known compounds, chikusetsusaponin IVa (4), spinasaponin A 28-O-glucoside (5), (-)-epicatechin (6), (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate (7), and (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (8) were isolated from the leaves Camellia phanii Hakoda & Ninh. Their structures were established by 1D and 2D-NMR and mass spectral analysis and chemical methods. Moreover, compounds 1-5 were also evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1-3 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC 50 values of 230.7±18.0, 251.4±22.7, and 421.4±25.6 μM, respectively., (© 2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)

Phytochemical study on the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Blume led to the isolation of sixteen compounds including three new ones ( 1-3 ). Their chemical structures were determined as oleanolic acid 28- O - β -D-glucopyranoside-3- O -[ β -D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)- β -D-galactopyranoside) ( 1 ), methyl (8 Z ,11 Z )-5,6,7-trihydroxytetradeca-8,11-dienoate ( 2 ), methyl (6 E ,11 Z )-5,8,9-trihydroxytetradeca-6,11-dienoate ( 3 ), fulgidic acid ( 4 ), (9 E ,11 E )-13-oxooctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid ( 5 ), (9 Z ,11 E ,15 Z )-13-hydroxyoctadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid ( 6 ), oleanolic acid 28- O - β -D-glucopyranoside-3- O - α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)- β -D-glucuronopyranoside ( 7 ), oleanolic acid 28- O - β -D-glucopyranoside-3- O - β -D - glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[ α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]- β -D-glucuronopyranoside ( 8 ), oleanolic acid 3- O - β -D - glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[ α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]- β -D-glucuronopyranoside ( 9 ), oleanolic acid 3- O - α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)- β -D-glucuronopyranoside ( 10 ), blumenol C glucoside ( 11 ), citroside A ( 12 ), 6 S ,9 S -roseoside ( 13 ), ginsenoside Rg1 ( 14 ), 20-hydroxyecdysone ( 15 ), and benzyl α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]- β -D-glucopyranoside ( 16 ) by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1 , 7 and 11-16 inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with IC 50 values in the range from 28.03 to 54.23 µM (positive control, L-NMMA: IC 50 = 35.52 µM). Compounds 14 and 15 showed anti α -glucosidase activity with IC 50 values of 176.24 and 156.92 µM, respectively, compared with the positive control, acarbose, IC 50 = 160.99 μM.