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A series of 16 children (nine males, seven females) with traumatic epidural haematoma of the posterior fossa (TEHPF) is presented. All patients had a history of mild to moderate trauma to the occiput. The causes were falls in 15 and traffic accident in one case. Four of the 16 cases had depressed fractures of the occipital bone. Surgical intervention was performed in all cases. In 14 patients the outcome was good, one patient had moderate disability and one died. Our study revealed that early diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention may give the patient a chance of total recovery and craniotomy with haematoma evacuation is an appropriate surgical technique as in the case of supratentorial extradural hematoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first transsphenoidal surgical approach to pituitary adenomas has been performed by Herman Schloffer with superiolateral nasoethmoidal approach in Austria Innsburg on March 16,1907. Hirsch has applied endonasal transseptal transsphenoidal approach in 1910. In 1960s, by the usage of microscope in operations, endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach has been being used for pituitary adenomas. The first complete endoscopic approach to sella turcica has been performed in France by Jankowski and his friends to three patients in year 1992. In 1997 at Pittsburg University, neurosurgery expert Jho and otolaryngologist Carrau have performed complete pituitary adenoma excision surgery with their 50 case series. Till now, Enrico de Divitiis and Paolo Cappabianca (Napoli), Giorgio Frank (Bologna) from Italy, Amin Kassam from USA and Mustafa Berker from Turkey have contributed to the usage of complete endoscopic techniques for both glandula pituitary surgery and pathologies related with skull base. In the following years, recognition of endoscope by brain surgeons, approach to sellar and parasellar region gained a new perspective. Nowadays, endoscopic transsphenoidal approach has taken place of microscopic surgery for brain surgeons and has become standard approach at many clinical centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]