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There is growing interest nowadays for artificial intelligence (AI) in all medical fields. Beyond the direct medical application of AI to medical data, generative AI such as "pre-trained transformer" (GPT) could significantly change the ophthalmology landscape, opening up new avenues for enhancing precision, productivity, and patient outcomes. At present, ChatGPT-4 has been investigated in various ways in ophthalmology for research, medical education, and support for clinical decisions purposes. This article intends to demonstrate the application of ChatGPT-4 within the field of ophthalmology by employing a 'mise en abime' approach. While we explore its potential to enhance the future of ophthalmology care, we will also carefully outline its current limitations and potential risks., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Between 2010 and 2018, the quota for admission to ophthalmology residencies increased by 50 % (106 in 2010 vs 150 in 2018). In order to accommodate this increasing number of residents, the University Hospital of Reims formulated an agreement with the Regional Health Agency in May 2015 enabling certain ophthalmologists in the private sector to train a resident within their private practice for a semester. We will present the results of three and one half years of this experience., Methods: Two retrospective questionnaires were created and completed. One was addressed to the host supervisor, the other to the resident. Their objective was to evaluate and standardize the experience from both points of view. The following aspects were explored: the extent to which the environment was welcoming, the resident's clinical ability and progress, the resident's surgical ability and progress, time-management, resident-patient relations and respective assessments. We also requested information on the number of residents hosted by each private practice as well as the positive and negative aspects of the internship for both the supervisor and the intern., Results: Between May 2015 and October 2018 (seven semesters), 12 residents from the University Hospital of Reims did an internship with one of the six proposed private sector ophthalmologists in the Champagne-Ardennes region. The residents were between their second and eighth semesters of professional training. Seven residents did their first or second semester of ophthalmology training in a private practice. The survey results led to the conclusion of a positive experience for both trainer and trainee regarding the progress made by the resident, both clinically and surgically., Conclusion: Given the growing number of ophthalmology residents and the limits of the training capacity of hospital-based residencies, private sector internships with practitioners actively involved in teaching increase the training capacity for residents and complement the conventional hospital training., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)