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The synthesis and characterization of peripherally 2′,3′,5′,6′-tetrafluoro-4′-pentoxy-benzyloxy-substituted metal-free and metallo (Zn(II) and Co(II)) phthalocyanines are described in this study. Aggregation properties of these phthalocyanines were studied in the concentration range of 1 × 10−5−1 × 10−6 M in tetrahydrofuran. Thin films of phthalocyanines were prepared by spin-coating technique. The spectrophotometric measurements of transmittance spectra were carried out in the wavelength range of 200-1000 nm. Optical band gaps of phthalocyanine thin films were also calculated. Surface morphologies and thickness of the films were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Results show that film thickness can be changed significantly depending on the type of metal in the phthalocyanine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four metallo (zinc, copper, vanadyl, and indium) phthalocyanine derivatives bearing four aliphatic (hexylthio) groups were prepared from corresponding phthalonitrile compounds. The metallophthalocyanines were characterized with ultraviolet{visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1H NMR), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and mass and elemental analyses techniques. Aggregation properties of metallophthalocyanines in solution were studied in varied concentration ranges. Thin films of metallophthalocyanines were obtained by spin coating technique. Optical measurements showed that transmittance values of metallophthalocyanine thin films obviously changed with respect to the metal ion in the phthalocyanines. Transmittance spectra of the phthalocyanines synthesized using different metal ions showed a variation of about 8% and 15% in transmittance spectra of the Q band region was obtained by mixing the two metal phthalocyanine (indium and zinc) solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of palladium(II)phthalociyanine including fluoro-4′-hexylthio-benzyloxy groups for the first time. The optical properties of a series of pentafluorobenzyloxy and tetrafluoro-4′-hexylthio-benzyloxy metallo-phthalocyanines were studied. Thin films of these compounds were obtained by using spin coating technique. Optical transmittance of thin films was measured using a spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 200–1000 nm. Optical band gaps of thin films were also calculated. In addition, surface morphologies and thickness of the films were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Results showed that the transmittance, band gap and morphology of the films are highly dependent on the metals and substituted groups of the phthalocyanines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and characterization of peripherally ({1-[(Z or E)-phenylazo]-2-naphthyl} oxy) tetra-substituted metal-free and metallo (Zn(II), Co(II) and Cu(II)) phthalocyanines are described in this study. Aggregation properties of these compounds were investigated in the concentration range of 20–1 μM in tetrahydrofuran. Spectroscopic and photophysical properties of these phthalocyanines have been investigated in tetrahydrofuran. Thin films of metallophthalocyanines were prepared by spin coating technique. Results show that transmittance values of the films change with respect to the metal ions in the visible and Q absorptions regions. Films were also annealed at 100, 200 and 300 °C and their optical properties were investigated as a function of annealing temperature. The spectrophotometric measurements of transmittance spectra were carried out in the wavelength range 200–1000 nm. Results showed that transmittance values of ZnPc thin films were increased as a result of heat treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Zinc(II)phthalocyanine with four naphthoxy pendant groups on the periphery was prepared by cyclotetramerization of 4-(2-naphthoxy)phthalonitrile. Thin films of this material have been prepared from solutions of different concentrations (5–100mg ZnPc in 1mL THF) by spin coating technique. Optical transmittance of thin films was measured using a spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 260–1100nm. Results show that transmittance is decreased with the increasing concentration in the ranges corresponding to B and Q absorptions, but the films can still be proposed as optical windows between these regions (~400–600nm) due to very low absorbances. The surface morphology of the thin films was investigated by atomic force microscopy, AFM, and showed that all of the films have nano volcanic holes, except the film prepared from the most concentrated solution (100mg ZnPc in 1mL THF). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Metallophthalocyanines (M = zinc (II) and cobalt (II)) containing four 4-pyridyloxy -terminal groups were prepared by cyclotetramerization of 4-(4-pyridyloxy)phthalonitrile. The optimized geometry, electronic properties (chemical hardness, electron affinity, electronegativity), linear and nonlinear optical features of the phthalocyanine derivatives were investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were calculated. The excitation features of electrons in the ultraviolet–visible (UV) region were computed with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Thin films of these metallophthalocyanines which have low solubility in organic solvents have been prepared by spin coating after solution preparation by both magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment. Results showed that ultrasonic treatment increased the solubility of the compounds and better thin films were obtained. Metallophthalocyanines (M = zinc (II) and cobalt (II)) containing four 4-pyridyloxy -terminal groups were prepared by gcyclotetramerization of 4-(4-pyridyloxy)phthalonitrile. The optimized geometry, electronic properties (chemical hardness, electron affinity, electronegativity), linear and nonlinear optical features of the phthalocyanine derivatives were investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were calculated. The excitation features of electrons in the ultraviolet–visible (UV) region were computed with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Thin films of these metallo phthalocyanines which have low solubility in organic solvents have been prepared by spin coating after solution preparation by both magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment. Results showed that ultrasonic treatment increased the solubility of the compounds and better thin films were obtained. Image 1 • Metallophthalocyanines containing four 4-pyridyloxy -terminal groups were prepared. • The optimized geometries were investigated using density functional theory. • Linear and nonlinear optical features were studied using density functional theory. • Thin films of zinc(II)phthalocyanine have been prepared by two methods. • Results showed that better thin films were obtained by ultrasonic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]