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Cadmium oxide CdO nanostructured thin films are synthesized using sol-gel spin coating method. The prepared samples of CdO thin films are irradiated with 10 mJ laser from pulsed Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 and 532 nm wavelength. The samples were exposed to 45 pulses of 7 ns pulse duration. Morphology and structural analysis were carried out with scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Optical investigations were obtained with spectrometer and fluorospectrometer from Shimadzu. SEM micrographs confirm the nanostructure of the CdO film and indicate agglomeration of nanoparticles with laser irradiation. XRD patterns show decrease in the intensity of orientation peaks after laser irradiation. Variation in band gap energy, absorption peaks, and photoluminescence spectra with laser irradiation are observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated the influence of Ag doping on zinc oxide thin films. Pure and Ag doped, preferentially oriented transparent zinc oxide thin films were prepared by sol gel technique on a glass substrate using diethyl amine as a stabilizer. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the films with hexagonal wurtzite type structure were polycrystalline in nature with a preferred grain orientation in the 101 direction. The crystallite sizes decreased from 34 nm to 27 nm after silver doping. Both photoluminescence and optical transmission measurements showed that the band gap increased after the Ag doping. The structure and optical characterization studies clearly indicated the incorporation of Ag in ZnO. Hence, the observed increase in the optical band gap and decrease in crystallite size can be directly attributed to the effect of Ag ion incorporation into the ZnO lattice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of ultraviolet laser radiation on the structure and optical properties of allyl diglycol carbonate have been investigated. The allyl diglycol carbonate samples were irradiated with 266 nm with different power densities from Nd:YAG laser. The bulk etch rate enhancement and enlargement of track diameter clearly indicate that allyl diglycol carbonate is significantly affected by UV laser. The laser-irradiated allyl diglycol carbonate samples showed a decrease in the optical band gap with increasing laser power density. The obtained results indicate that the optical band gap of the alpha irradiated polymer is varied from 4.10 eV to 2.65 eV by UV laser irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Co 3 O 4 NCMs were synthesized using a sol-gel protocol and then calcined at various temperatures. • Anticancer activity of Co 3 O 4 nanocrystalline materials (NCMs), annealed at various temperatures in the HepG2. • Increased annealing temperature of Co 3 O 4 NCMs resulted in decreased cytotoxicity, due to an increase in NCM diameter. • The optimized form (30 μg ml−1) of Co 3 O 4 , annealed at 700 °C, caused the highest loss in liver carcinoma cell viability. • Our experimental findings were verified by developing a mathematical model for annealed Co 3 O 4 NCMs at various temperatures. This research project focused on the assessment of the anticancer activity of Co 3 O 4 nanocrystalline materials (NCMs), annealed at various temperatures in the HepG2 (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) cell line. Co 3 O 4 NCMs were synthesized using a sol-gel protocol and then calcined at various temperatures. The structure, morphology, and purity of synthesized nanocrystalline materials and their optical properties were studied via various material analysis techniques, including XRD, SEM, EDX, UV/Vis, and Raman spectroscopy. The anticancer activity of cobalt oxide nanocrystalline materials (Co 3 O 4 NCMs) were explored in human liver carcinoma by performing and optimizing photodynamic therapy (PDT) through a variety of specific steps. This included the labeling of liver cancer cells with various concentrations at several different incubation times. Additionally, light-induced PDT was employed to assess the phototoxic effects of synthesized nanocrystalline materials in HepG2 cells. Here, we established optimized conditions for this novel therapeutic approach by highlighting the temperature-dependent toxicity of Co 3 O 4 NCMs as a means to improve current PDT standards and precision. Our experimental findings were verified by developing and analyzing a mathematical model to describe annealed Co 3 O 4 NCMs at various temperatures, and the results of this modeling agreed strongly with our experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]