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In the present article, samples of erbium (Er)-doped bismo-borate glasses have been fabricated with general chemical compositions: 70B2O3–10CaO–10Li2O−(10-x)Bi2O3− xEr2O3: 0 (Er-0.0) ≤ x ≤ 1 (Er-1.0) mol% using the conventional melt-quench process. The impact of Er3+ ions on the structure and optical (linear and nonlinear) characteristics of Er-0.0/Er-1.0 glass blocks have been investigated. XRD measurements showed the lack in crystallinity of the prepared samples. In the range of UV-Vis measurements, there are absorption bands attributed to the electronic transitions (4f−4f) of Er3+ ions. The absorption bands seen at wavelengths of approximately 366, 379, 409, 452, 490, 523, 545, 653, 797, and 978 nm are associated with electronic transitions from the ground state, 4I15/2, to several excited states, namely 4G9/2, 2G11/2, 2H9/2, 4F5/2, 4F7/2, 2H11/2, 4S3/2, 4F9/2, 4I9/2, and 4I11/2, respectively. The optical band gap (Eg) values ranged from 2.61 to 3.11 eV for Er0.0 to Er1.0 glass samples, respectively. Values of linear refractive index (n0) ranged from 2.498 to 2.374. Values of the nonlinear refractive index varied from 7.76 to 4.99, while the third order non-linear optical susceptibility (χ(3)) values ranged from 5.14 to 3.14 for Er0.0 to Er1.0 glasses, respectively. Therefore, the suggested glasses can be used in several optical applications such as opto-electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of nickel-oxide (NiO) addition on the structural, optical, physical properties, and dielectric spectroscopy of lead-borated glass blocks of the chemical form: (70-x)B2O3-25Na2O-5PbO-xNiO: x = 0 (Ni-0.0)-2.5 (Ni-2.5) molar percentage was tested experimentally using various methods. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the amorphous character of prepared Ni-glasses. Density increased gradually from 2.5981 to 2.7568 g cm−3, whereas molar-volume declined from 29.0131 to 28.0202 cm3 mol−1 as Ni2+ ions-contenting samples improved from 0.0 to 2.5 mol% in glasses network. In the absorption UV-region, optical-gap energy changed between 2.94 and 2.48 eV. In absorption within Vis-region, the intensity of the absorbed band enhanced gradually with red-shift in their positions as Ni2+ ions content increased. In the absorption NIR-region, an increase in the IR absorption bands was observed and confirmed the enhanced heat-absorption capacity of the investigated glasses as their NiO content increased. Dielectric spectroscopy at frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 5 MHz of (70-x)B2O3-25Na2O-5PbO-xNiO: x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mol% glasses are carried out to determine the impact of nickel doping on dielectric spectroscopy items. Nickel doping gradually increased the dielectric constant. At high frequencies, the transport rate among nearby conductive sites is increased while the shifting length of the charges is greatly reduced which leads to higher conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, (Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) nano-ferrites has been prepared by a flash auto combustion technique, then new films of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) doped with x(Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) nanoparticles: x = 0 (PVC/PNF0) – 10 (PVC/PNF10) wt% have been fabricated. The nature, physical, linear optical as well as γ-ray attenuation capacity of the fabricated PVC/(Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) nanocomposites (NCs) sheets have been investigated. The crystalline state of (Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) NPs, and amorphous state of pure PVC, and PVC/(Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) films were performed by XRD measurements. The density (ρ) increased from 1.4451 to 2.613 g cm−3 for PVC/PNF0 and PVC/PNF10 sheets as the (Pb 0.5 Ni 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) NPs content increased from 0 to 10 wt%. The direct band gap (E g a p d i r e c t ) decreased from 5.259 to 2.969 eV, whereas Urbach energy (E U) increased from 0.439 to 4.812 eV. The index of refraction (n) for the fabricated films increased with increasing the concentration of (Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) NPs. The highest and lowest mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) values possessed at 0.015 and 15 MeV, respectively. The effective atomic number (Z eff) of the currently films followed the trend: (Z eff) PVC/PNF0 < (Z eff) PVC/PNF1 < (Z eff) PVC/PNF3 < (Z eff) PVC/PNF5 < (Z eff) PVC/PNF10. The half value layer (HVL) parameter possessed the trend: (HVL) PVC/PNF0 > (HVL) PVC/PNF1 > (HVL) PVC/PNF3 > (HVL) PVC/PNF5 > (HVL) PVC/PNF10. The fabricated PVC/(Ni 0.5 Pb 0.5 Fe 2 O 4) NCs films can be used in electronic, optical, and radiation shielding applications. • PVC doped with Ni-Pb spinel nano-ferrites samples has been fabricated. • Physical properties of the investigated nanocomposites have been studied. • Linear optical properties have been investigated. • Capacity of radiation attenuation of the fabricated films has been evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]