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This bachelor's thesis focuses on the needs of patients in a dialysis program and the role of the nurse in this issue. Two objectives were established for this bachelor's thesis: To map the needs of patients in a dialysis program, and to determine the role of the nurse in patients undergoing dialysis. The work is divided into a theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part, the anatomy of the kidneys is briefly described, as well as the reasons for kidney failure. Subsequently, various elimination methods are described and explained, along with nutritional and exercise measures. The transplantation procedure is also briefly described. Attention is paid to the needs of patients, nursing care, and education. The empirical part was processed using qualitative research through semi-structured interviews focused on patients undergoing dialysis and nurses working in the dialysis center. The research sample consisted of 13 patients and 9 nurses. To achieve the set objectives, five research questions were created: What are the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients in a dialysis program? How does dialysis treatment affect patients' lives? What is the level of patient education before starting dialysis treatment? What is the role of the nurse in satisfying the needs of patients in a dialysis program? What is the role of the nurse in providing information to patients in a dialysis program? Our research has shown that dialysis generally has a negative impact on the quality of life of most of our respondents. Respondents are most negatively affected by thirst, the time demands of dialysis, poor sleep quality, changes in social needs, and overall fatigue after dialysis. Additionally, our research has shown that nurses in the dialysis center primarily fill the role of provider of nursing care, educator, and advisor who also provides emotional support. The results of the research serve as informational material for patients in the predialysis program and as potential recommendations for nurses working in dialysis centers.

According to a holistic approach, the health care team should focus on the entire bio-psycho-social aspects of the patient and not just on saturation of physiological needs. The diploma thesis deals with the issue of fulfilling psychosocial needs of patients hospitalized in surgical wards. The basic of patient care represents the nursing process, which enables general nurses to obtain important information about patients and leads to improve nursing care. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes the basics of the field of surgery and specifies the psychosocial needs. The practical part describes methodology and results of the research. The aim of the study was to evaluate the saturation of psychosocial needs of patients hospitalized in the surgical department. There were determined two research questions: What kind of role performs the patient, his family and the health care team in saturation of psychosocial needs. And what kind of factors affect the saturation of the needs of the patient hospitalized in the surgical department. A qualitative research method with semi-structured interview with patients was used to achieve the goal. The research concludes, that in the most cases, patients are afraid of the operation and moreover the need for safety and security is impaired. This situation can be reduced by the health care team, who should provide comprehensive information to patients about their disease. Moreover, the staff should apprize patients with the environment, other circumstances about the operation, postoperative care and subsequent convalescence to reduce the fear. Furthermore, it is important that the behavior, support, helpfulness and trust in the hospital staff can help to saturate other needs. The health care staff contributes to promote the need for recognition and respect for the patient's intimacy and privacy. The love and belongingness need can be fully saturated by a well-functioning family that forms self-esteem and motivates its member, expresses support, economic need, protection and saturation of social needs. Motivation leads the patient to saturate the need for self-actualization and gives him the strength to overcome obstacles. Pain accompanies every illness and disturbs the saturation of other needs, so it is necessary to minimize the pain. The area of saturation of spiritual needs is still perceived as a sensitive topic. Each patient is unique, has different needs, and therefore everyone should be approached individually to identify and saturate his specific needs.

The main objective of the bachelor thesis on the topic: "Perception of the value of communication in nursing care from the perspective of nurses." is to map the relationship of nurses to the patient and how they perceive the value of communication during nursing care. Two hypotheses were established which were: "The perception of the value of communication in nursing care by nurses varies depending on their age; The perception of the value of communication in nursing care by nurses varies depending on their education. ". The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis was focused on a general characteristic of communication, division, and a description of verbal and nonverbal communication. From the general characteristics, the theoretical part moves to more specific areas such as mistakes and difficult communication situations during nursing care. Due to the psychologically demanding profession of a nurse, he works also focuses on a professional description of the psychological consequences of the profession of a nurse, the personal preconditions of a nurse and, finally, a description of mental health care. The empirical part was processed by a quantitative method of research. Data collection was performed in the form of questionnaires. 150 respondents were asked 18 questions, which were answered by a total of 133 nurses. The questions were asked to the nurses in online form and in the printed form of a questionnaire in 3 hospitals and a total of 12 wards. The questionnaires were completely anonymous and were distributed without any selection. It was examined how nurses perceive the value of communication, based on different education or age. Based on the obtained data, both hypotheses were evaluated as follows: H1: The perception of the value of communication in nursing care by nurses is not related to their age. H2: The perception of the value of communication in nursing care by nurses is not related to their education. The information contained in this work could be used as a study material for nursing students. Thanks to this work, nurses who are already working in the workplace could expand their knowledge.

This bachelor thesis focuses on the role of nursing staff in the case of providing health for patients with acute abdominal incident (AAI) with a focus on preoperative and postoperative care for patient with AAI from the perspective of patients and nursing staff. This bachelor thesis is traditionally divided in the two parts, theoretical and prac-tical. This work aimed to "Describe the preoperative nursing care for patients with AAI" and "Describe postoperative nursing care for patients with AAI". The research part of this bachelor thesis has been conducted using a semi-structured interview with nurses work-ing in the surgical department and with patients who underwent AAI. Theoretical satu-ration was achieved with 5 nurses and 5 patients. The interviews were according and transcripted verbatim afterwards. The obtained information was processed by an open coding method and subsequently categorized. The research was conducted in April 2021. The interviews with patients display, that patients in critical condition with AAI are not able to perceive the preoperative care. The research also showed that the area of postoperative care is perceive by patients after AAI in the same way as other patients after other planned procedures. Futhermore the interviews suggest that patients appro-priately understand the necessary measures they have to follow once they are released from hospital to their home environment, which indicates that the nursing staff pro-vides adequate education to their patients. Results from nursing staff´s interviews show, that the nursing staff understand adequate procedure in acute preoperative and postoperative care when dealing with patients with AAI. The results from the preopera-tive care interviews identify an insufficient psychological preparation before an acute surgery in patients with AAI. The nursing staff acknowledges this problem. In their opinion, this problem is connected to the lack of time available in the preoperative preparations. This bachelor thesis suggest that better cooperation among the nursing staff is necessary when dealing with patients with AAI and also that psychological sup-port before an operation should not be overlooked. The results from this bachelor thesis can be used as study materials for medical staff or medical students.

The presented rigorous thesis deals with the issue of violence in providing of nursing care and methods of de-escalation from the perspective of the nurse.

The basic haemato-oncological diseases include leukaemia, malignant lymphomas, myeloproliferative diseases and myelodysplastic syndrome. The treatment of these diseases is most often carried out with the help of chemotherapy, which, in addition to its therapeutic effect, also has a number of side effects that may reduce the patient's quality of life. During treatment, the role of the nurse is important, ensuring the safe application of chemotherapy, caring for venous access, monitoring the side effects of treatment and participating in patient education. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out the specifics of nursing care of a haemato-oncological patient during chemotherapy. The practical part was processed using a qualitative research survey. The first research group consisted of six nurses working in an oncology centre or inpatient department. The second research group consisted of six haemato-oncological patients undergoing chemotherapy. The semi-structured interview became the technique of data collection. The results of the research show that the nurses treat long-term venous accesses insufficiently. Problems were also found in the treatment of extravasations and in the application of the cytostatic drug itself. The results also showed that nurses do not use the right protective equipment when handling cytostatics. Another negative finding was that patients did not have enough information about the prevention of the side effects of chemotherapy and did not have sufficient psychological support from the nurses. Nevertheless, they evaluate the provided care positively. Based on the results, an information brochure designed for haemato-oncological patients undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment was designed as part of the thesis.

Due to aging, the incidence of chronic degenerative eye diseases increases. The most common visual diseases include cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Visual impairment reduces the patient's quality of life and therefore requires a special approach by nursing staff. A hospital stay can be one of the most difficult situations for such a patient, because he suddenly finds himself in a foreign environment. Being aware of everyday problems and needs, and the principles of communication is a beneficial element in providing quality nursing care. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to map the specifics of the approach to geriatric patients with visual impairment in nursing care. The empirical part was processed using a qualitative research survey, which was conducted in the form of a semi-structured interview. The research sample consisted of 10 informants older than 60 years suffering from various visual disorders. The obtained results showed that all informants were able to come to terms with the visual impairment and learn to live with it. Most informants underwent visual surgery and their visual impairment was much reduced, but some informants became more difficult after the operation. Certain requirements were directed mainly at the specifics of communication. Informants reported slight shortcomings in the verbal and nonverbal communication of nursing staff. A positive finding was that the informants consider the quality of the provided nursing services and information to be equivalent to that of persons without visual illness and evaluated the provided care as generally positive. The work provides a comprehensive view of the issue of visual disorders in geriatric age. The results can serve nurses in practice, but also students of medical and non-medical medical disciplines in preparation for future professions. Based on the obtained materials, an information brochure on cataracts and glaucoma was also created.

This bachelor thesis deals with comprehensive nursing care for patients with gallbladder diseases. The aim of the work was to find out how not only the patient but also the nurse looks at preoperative and postoperative care. Four objectives were set in the work, as the first "Map the comprehensive preoperative preparation before gallbladder surgery in the surgical department from the nurse's point of view." after the gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the nurse's point of view." And fourth "Map postoperative care after gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the patient's perspective." A qualitative research survey using a semi-structured interview technique was chosen for data collection. The research group consisted of patients who underwent gallbladder surgery and nurses working in the surgical department. It turned out that patients do not really perceive the preoperative sequence of nursing care, but rather follow the instructions of nurses. Further investigation has shown that all patients know the principles they must follow after discharge from the hospital (diet, wound care, rehabilitation), which testifies to the quality education of nurses. The results for nurses show that nurses know the principles of preoperative and postoperative care. The results of the research pointed to the insufficient psychological support of the patient by the nurses. The nurses perceive this problem, which according to them is related to the lack of staff and thus also the time per patient. The bachelor's thesis, as a recommendation for practice, showed that it is necessary to create a time reserve in the work of nurses so that they can also focus on the psychological support of patients.

Human needs accompany a person throughout the entire life. They can be characterized as a property of the organism, which gives an impulse to perform certain activities or search for a certain conditions necessary for life. Needs have a direct effect on the person's mental aspect. If a person fails to satisfy his or her needs, mental well-being is disrupted. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to find out in which area of nursing care patients feel a deficit. It was focused on the needs of patients hospitalized in the standard inpatient ward, who are not satisfied with the nurses to a sufficient extent or quality. The work deals with the care provided and whether it corresponds with the ideas of patients, whether it meets their expectations, and what shortcomings they encountered during their hospitalization. The basis of the work is the theoretical part, in which we described the patient's personality and their approach to health and illness. We characterized the profession of a nurse and the prerequisites for its performance. We focused on the relationship between a nurse and a patient, their mutual communication and cooperation. We have defined human needs, their division, satisfaction and barriers that complicate their fulfilment. We also talked about the care provided in inpatient wards, which is performed by the nursing process method. In the research part of the bachelor thesis we used a qualitative method of data collection. Through a semi-structured interview, we obtained information from patients hospitalized in the inpatient department of the hospital. The data obtained were processed by the pencil-paper coding method. The results of the interviews showed that a large number of nurses provide care to a sufficient extent and of appropriate quality. They actively seek and satisfy the needs of patients with helpfulness and tact. The informants find the nurses' care to be of good quality and observe that its level is constantly improving. They appreciate that a smile is often seen on faces of many nurses. Deficiencies were found in the care of immobile patients who were not provided with fully adequate care. In elderly patients, there isn't always enough time provided for the performance of required procedure. Some nurses cannot communicate properly with patients. They show signs of superiority and lesser self-control abilities. All informants talk about the high workload of nurses who work in small numbers, which leads to time pressure and failure to perform all the procedures needed to provide quality care. Informants see the main source of problems in the low number of nurses. This work could be a lesson for nurses who are in direct contact with patients. Many of them provide their care based on a medical diagnosis, doctor's instructions, or learned routine. But it is important to realize that nursing care is a wide range of activities that are based on what the person being cared for needs.

Intoduction: Nursing is a human-oriented scientific discipline. Due to various world events, pivotal changes have occurred in this field. These changes have led to improvement in nursing care that is being provided in health facilities today. The Aim of the Thesis: The aim of the thesis was to determine changes to the field of nursing through the eyes of care recipients (i.e. patients) that happened during the 21st century. Furthermore, the goal was also to identify factors that influenced these changes and evaluate nursing care through the eyes of patients. Methodology: The thesis was carried out by means of a qualitative research survey in the form of semi-structured interviews with patients. The selection criteria for choosing an informant were residence in the South Bohemian Region and 18 years of age (or older). These informants were chosen by snowball sampling. The research survey included 20 informants. The interviews were recorded on an answering machine, literally transcribed and consequently analysed. Results: The thesis identified a total of 8 categories and 23 subcategories. The category of Scientific and Technological Progress was recognized as the central category. It is the driving force for most changes, including changes in education. The patients thought that the biggest change was modern equipment, new aids and devices in health facilities. They also mentioned innovations in the education of nurses and they agreed with the changes. The patients rated nursing care as a highly professional, expert and demanding field. They understood that more and more demands were being placed on the nurses. Moreover, the patients described the profession as prestigious, but also said that the public should be more informed about it. Conclusion: It is certain that nursing care will be influenced by further advances and innovations because science and technology cannot be stopped. In this context, the demands on nursing personnel will increase and the patients will be more demanding as well. Therefore, it is necessary to continue working on nursing care. However, it has to be taken into account how these changes and developments are perceived by the patients.

Bachelor thesis aims at a problematic of the nursing care of the restless patients. It studies restless behaviour, which is considered as a manifestation of current clinical state, therefore it cannot be evaluated as an intentional behaviour. With respect to the facts accompanied with the restless behaviour, an awareness about the problematic is crucial. Considering the specifics accompanied with the nurse caring of the restless patients, the medical staff should be well oriented within this field.The thesis is divided into theoretical and research part. In the theoretical part, restless behaviour and its causes are explained together with the approach to aggressive patients and restrictive interventions. Furthermore, nursing care before/during/after the restriction is examined together with communication methods and legal issues. The research part was realized using a semi-structured interview. The interview was built up out of 18 questions. Research subjects were carefully selected nurses from psychiatric, internal, and neurological clinics. Collected data were processed into 4 categories and 14 sub-categories. In the third category, a short observation focusing on all-round hygiene of the restless patients was conducted.The research shows, that it is essential to keep in mind communication rules with the restless patient, to know about a correct approach to such patient, and to be able to quickly react to any occurred situation.

Civilization diseases are on the rise in Europe and obesity is one of the main reasons of knee joint disease. The joint is overloaded and gradually wears out. Results of the research realized through interviews show that women and men of different ages undergo joint puncture. Most often, patients come to the orthopedic outpatientś deparment with swelling, joint pain. Patients undergo joint puncture and corticoid appliacation intraarticularly.

This bachelor thesis deals with the organization of care and the nursing process at the stroke centre. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and research part. The theoretical part deals mainly with stroke, patient care at the stroke centre and associations after stroke. The main goal of the theoretical part was to describe a stroke, its treatment and nursing care by a nurse in a patient with stroke. The research part of the bachelor thesis is processed using qualitative research, for which two goals were set and one research question for each goal. The first goal of the research survey mapped the organization of care at the stroke centre. The first research question is related to this goal and examined the course of the organization of care in the stroke centre. The second set goal of the research survey was to determine the course of the nursing process at the stroke centre. To achieve the second goal, a second research question was set asking about the way the nursing process takes place at the stroke centre. Data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews with nurses working at the stroke centre. The research group consisted of six nurses. The interviews were recorded and then literally transcribed. The obtained data were processed using the coding method, the "pencil and paper" technique. The results were then categorized and evaluated. The research showed that we qualify care at the stroke centre as intensive, focusing on patients after stroke. With regard to ischemic stroke, the patient is hospitalized at a stroke centre with ongoing thrombolysis, which has been applied by the nurse at the emergency department after CT scan. In the case of hemorrhagic stroke, the patient is treated conservatively at the stroke centre. At the same time, we learned how the nursing process takes place in a patient after stroke who is hospitalized at a stroke centre. The results of the survey are used to create a basis for a seminar for nurses working at the stroke centre, which will serve to deepen their knowledge.

Delirium, also known as acute confusional state, is a qualitative disorder of consciousness, that often occurs in the elderly persons, intoxicated persons and post-surgery conditions. This diploma theses deals with the issue of nurse work management for patient with delirium. The main goal of the thesis was to find out what experiences with the patients with acute confusion nurses have, as well as how the care of such a patient affects the nurse's psyche and how a nurse should proceed in the care of a patient who is experiencing acute confusion. The goals were accomplished through the qualitative research survey. The data collection technique involved covert observation of patients and nurses, as well as semi-structured interviews with nurses who have experienced the care of patients with acute confusion. Attractive results have been achieved through the research. The nurses were relatively unaware of the differences in the nomenclature of acute confusion and delirium. On the other hand, nurses were aware of the symptoms of acute confusion / delirium. They had a good knowledge of the interventions that should be performed in these patients. Most of them were able to adjust the communication to the right extend so that it was suitable for a patient who was experiencing acute confusion / delirium. Nurses were able to treat the patient kindly despite their current inappropriate behavior. When we asked the nurses about specific interventions for these patients, their awareness was not good, therefore we decided to create a brochure that could help the nurses in their care. Awareness and use of rating scales was very low, rating scales designed directly for delirium were not used anywhere. The use of restrictive measures was often abused. But some nurses were also found to be wary of unnecessary use of the these funds.

The diploma thesis focuses on obesity and hip replacement. Obesity is a disease spread all around the world and the number of people suffering from it has been increasing. It is generally known that obesity increases the risk of several diseases and it causes osteoarthritis of large joints that is often treated by replacing the affected joint. Nowadays, hip alloplasty is one of the most common orthopedic surgeries when the damaged joint socket and head are replaced with an artificial endoprosthesis. Hip replacement is always a serious and burdensome surgery. The aim of the thesis was to describe the approach of patients and nursing staff towards weight reduction before total hip replacement. In the empirical part of the thesis, a qualitative survey was used. The results were obtained through semi-structured interviews of patients who underwent the surgery of total hip replacement and at the same time suffer from obesity. Next, semi-structured interviews with general nurses who take care of these patients were also carried out. The qualitative survey consisted of six survey questions that revealed that patients' approach towards weight reduction is highly individual and influenced by many factors. It also turned out that at clinics, patients are recommended diets and appropriate exercise and general nurses take part in the recommending process by explaining information provided by doctors. One of the barriers considered to be the most common in the care of patients by both staff and patients is high weight and related mobility problems, reduced autonomy and mental stress. An important factor is patients' motivation that is influenced by personality, age and state of mind of both patients and nursing staff. In educational processes, cooperation of a general nurse and a doctor is mostly interconnected. Education is implemented in the whole treatment process where a nurse plays one of the key roles. Early education is essential and it most often takes place in the form of a dialogue adapted to the specific patient. Output of the diploma thesis is a description of possible involvement of nurses in education processes on weight reduction of obese patients before performing total hip replacement.

Introduction: This thesis deals with the time management of nursing care for patients in the ICU after bronchogenic carcinoma surgery. The treatment of patients with this diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach by all members of the medical team. Aims and methodology: The aim of this thesis was to map the time demands of nursing care for a patient who is the first day after lung cancer surgery, about current recommended procedures of nursing care. Furthermore, the aim was to find out whether a methodical guideline or a standard defining postoperative care of a patient after lung cancer surgery is available for the nurses. The way nurses perceive their working conditions and relationships in the workplace was also investigated. Finally, the aim of the diploma thesis was to map time management in nursing care for patients with lung cancer, all in the intensive care unit from nine medical facilities that participated in the research survey. Results: The research group consisted of nurses working in surgical intensive care units of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree and cardiac surgical intensive care unit from four university hospitals, 3 regional hospitals and 2 other hospitals. A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed. The return rate was 209 questionnaires (63.3%). The research results were...

The bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Patients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime from the perspective of nursing care" had two goals. The first one was about to identify the causes of non-adherence to medical regime from the perspective of patients with diabetes mellitus and the second one to describe nurse's task to patient with diabetes mellitus non-adherent to medical regime. Following these goals there were formulatedthree research questions, that are: What interventions are performed by general nurses in the care ofPatients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime ? What causes lead to not keep the medical regime from the patient, who has diabetes mellitus, point of view? How does the communication betweennurses and patients, with diabetes mellitus on the medical regime, affect the level of cooperation? The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of individual types of DM diseases, as well as complications associated with this disease, both acute and chronic. Furthermore, the work describes treatment options for this disease and, last but not least, deals with the education of patients with DM. In the empirical partwas usedthe methodology of qualitative research. Data collection was performed by using a semi-structured interview. There were prepared two variations of semi-structured interviews.The first one was conducted with patients with DM disease who did not follow the treatment regime and the secondwith nurses working with these patients. The interview with patients with DM not following the medical regimecontained 15 questions. The interview with the nurses working with these patients included 16 questions. Both semi-structured interviews were filled in by sub-questions where appropriate. Interviews were in most cases recorded in the form of a sound recording, and only after prior informing of the respondent and with his consent. They were also recorded in writing on paper. These audio recordings were later also transcribed into written form and subsequently processed by the open coding method, the "pencil-paper" technique. The informants were assured of complete anonymity. The research group consisted of patients with DM not adhering to the medical regime and with nurses working with these patients. The results of research set A are presented in the form of 4 categories and the results of research set B are presented in the form of 3 categories. All categories are also divided into subcategories, which are clearly schematically shown in the work. The individual categories represent answers to the research questions mentioned in this bachelor's thesis. This work can serve as an educational material for nurses who work with patients with DM that don't follow the medical regimen. Furthermore, the results can be used by medical students who want to learn more about causes of non-adherence to treatment regime by patients with DM and what roleplays a nurse in the care of these patients.

ANOTATION Autor: Petra Mrkvičková Institution: Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Department of Social Medicine, Division of Nursing Title: Healing of the surgical wound after cardiac surgery Supervisor: Mgr. Veronika Gigalová Number of pages: 136 Number of attachments: 8 Year of defense: 2019 Keywords: patient, cardiac surgery, sternotomy, healing of the surgical wound, nursing care The bachelor thesis deals with healing of surgical wound after cardiac surgery. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with facts from the area of cardiac surgery, the most common cardiac diseases, which are indicated for cardiac surgery and appropriate surgical approaches. It points out to risk groups of patients who may have complications within the healing wound. This thesis focuses mainly on nursing care of sternotomy with sternotomy healing and potential complications. It points out to the importance of regular inspection of sternotomy, regular changing of wound dressing under aseptic conditions, education and care of patients' mental health. In the empirical part, the thesis focuses on quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research was conducted by a non-standardized questionnaire and qualitative research by a semi-structured interview. The aim of the research was to find out some...

Gastroenterology is medicinal discipline dedicated to diagnostics and treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases. Part of its diagnostics is among others, also intestinal examination, which is done in case of suspicion of inflammatory, non-inflammatory and tumorous disease and it belongs to current examination in the present. The thesis deals with nursing issues in a patient indicated for examination of the intestines and is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is focused on examination methods amongst which belongs anamnesis, physical examination, laboratory examination, imaging methods, endoscopic examination and puncture biopsy. Very important part is the role of a nurse and nursing care for patient, which blends through the whole thesis. The objective of the thesis is to map the role of nurse at chosen endoscopic examinations and to capture subjectively perceived feelings of the ill person during preparation for chosen endoscopic examinations. For processing the empirical part of the thesis was chosen qualitative research, using the method of semi-structured interview. The first research file were nurses from different endoscopic workplaces and second research file were patients, which underwent colonoscopy. The chosen method was questioning and technique of in-depth interview followed by analysis of gathered data using the method of coding, so called Paper-and-Pencil. The results of research mapped the role of a nurse at chosen endoscopic examinations. Her job at endoscopic workplace requires professional knowledge and abilities at nursing care before examination, during it and after it. Integral part of role of a nurse is also controlling instrumentation, working with a doctor and communication, thanks to which patient manages indicated examination with minimal difficulties. Within research framework are at patients, recorded subjective problems of patients during the preparation for chosen endoscopic examination.

The aim of the bachelor thesis is to analyze the quality of life of dialysed patients and determine to what extent it has affected and reduced the illness of their lives and daytime activities. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part focuses on the history of hemodialysis, the description of the types of vascular inputs, the necessary dietary measures, the construction of the hemodialysis appliance, and the concept of quality of life and quality of life in dialysis patients. The empirical part includes a quantitative research, using a standardized KDQOL-SF ™ questionnaire supplemented by questions of its own design. The survey was conducted by 84 respondents in the dialing centers of Fresenius Medical Care in Prague 5 - Motol, Prague 10 - Vinohrady and Prague 9 - Vysocany. Conclusion. It was found that the quality of life in the standardized questionnaire domains is worse in the generic SF-36 than in the special section of KDQOL. Furthermore, it was found a statistically significant relationship between age and pain in dialysis patients. It has also been found that there is no statistically significant relationship between sex and social functioning of dialysis patients. It has been confirmed that there is a statistically significant relationship between age and patient...

This bachelor thesis deals with the disease Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Nursing Care which is provided to the patients at the Standard Neurological Ward and in Multiple Sclerosis Center (MS Center). The theoretic part is devoted to anatomy and physiology of nervous system, the definition of the disease, etiology, clinical signs, process and prognosis of the disease, diagnostics, and treatment. Next it describes the facilities that providing care to patients with Multiple sclerosis. The end of the theoretic part is about Nursing Process and about specifics of Nursing Care for patients with Multiple sclerosis. Three research objectives were defined in the empiric part of this bachelor thesis: find out the role of nurses, find the differences in Nursing Care for MS patients in Specialized Outpatient Wards and at the Standard Neurological Ward and map the MS patients experiences with Nursing Care at these facilities. To achieve the determined objectives qualitative research was used. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews with the nurses from the Neurological ward at the Standard Neurological Ward and in MS Center and directly with patients who suffer from Multiple sclerosis. The obtained information was processed by open coding, paper and pencil interviewing. The results showed that the differences in Nursing Care for patients with Multiple sclerosis are especially in the amount of provided nursing care, educational activity and the condition of patients which come to the MS Center and which are hospitalized at the Standard Neurological Ward. The results also show that the nurse takes an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of MS in both facilities. Interviewed patients reported mostly positive experiences with Nursing Care provided in both types of facilities.

The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of nursing care for a patient with myasthenia gravis. The goal of this thesis is to map the nursing care for a patient with myasthenia gravis. Two research questions were formulated, which identified the specifics of nursing care for a patient with myasthenia gravis in a standard department and the specifics of nursing care for these patients on an artificial lung ventilator. In the theoretical part, there the characteristics of the disease, clinical picture of the disease, the disease progression, including the occurrence of myasthenic crisis is given. Nursing care for a patient with myasthenia gravis is described in more detail. The empirical part contains a description of realized qualitative research. The research technique was semi-structured interview, data were analyzed using the open coding method, paper-pencil technique. The interview contained 31 questions divided into four main parts, focusing on nurses' knowledge of myasthenia gravis disease, specifics of nursing care for a patient with myasthenia gravis, risks and regimen measures in a patient with myasthenia gravis and patient education, including cooperation with family. In the case of nurses from acute care beds (ARO / ICU), the interview was extended by the fifth area mapping the specifics of care for a patient with myasthenia gravis in the acute department. The research group consisted of ten nurses, four of whom work in the ICU or ARO departments. Then, 5 categories were created by analyzing the interviews, some of which are subdivided into sub-categories. The presentation of the results is presented using these categories; if relevant, direct statements of informants are presented, specifying the specifics of nursing care for patients with myasthenia gravis in standard departments or departments of ARO / ICU. The findings show that considering this topic there is the need to pay attention to bedsores, hygiene, catering, and very important is education of patients and their relatives. Nursing care at the standard departments and departments of ARO / ICU varies, the difference can primarily be seen in the emphasis on acute care departments in the respiratory tract, prevention of pressure ulcers that can also occur in the airways, prevention of nosocomial infections. At the ARO / ICU, nurses must also be more prepared for the sudden deterioration in the patient's condition, which is followed by subsequent nursing care, there an endotracheal tube, or a tracheostomy cannula is used. Following the findings, it is also advisable to recommend health care providers to develop a nursing standard for a patient with myasthenia that is not available in any of the standard departments where the research was conducted. The contribution of the bachelor thesis can be seen in depicting the complexity of nursing care for patients with myasthenia gravis, including an indication of areas to which nurses must pay increased attention, pointing out the differences in the provision of nursing care for patients with myasthenia gravis in standard and ARO / ICU departments. The results of the thesis can be used by nurses who take care of these patients, but above all they can be a guide for nurses who do not yet have experience with these patients. These findings can be used by these nurses when they are forced to provide nursing care to these patients.

The aim of this bachelor work was to describe the role of the nurse providing care to a patient with apalic syndrome. Three research questions were based on this aim: "What nursing problems do the nurses deal with while taking care of a patient with apalic syndrome?" "What specific procedures do the nurses carry out providing care to a patient with apalic syndrome?" and "What are nurses's attitudes to ethical questions connected with the care of a patient with apalic syndrome?" The empirical part of the work was elaborated by qaualitative research method. The method was carried out by semi-structured interview. The keystone for making this interview (Attachment 1) consisted of 24 open questions which were, if necessary, extended by additional questions. The individual questions were aimed at the care of the patients with apalic syndrome, at rehabilitation and at communication with these patients and at ethical questions connected with this syndrome. The research was carried out with 9 nurses who work with the patients in vegetative state. The interviews were then processed by the method of priori coding, the technique - "pencil - paper". The research results were divided into categories and subcategories for better organization. These categories which were chosen according to the specific topics describe the individual spheres of the care of patients with apalic syndrome in the broad sense of consequences including cooperation with the patient's family and ethical problematics. The results of the work provide a complex perspective of the problematics dealing with care of the apalic patients from the nurses's point of view. That is why they can be used as studying material for students, nurses and families of the apalic patients and also for anybody who is interested in the given problematics.

This bachelor thesis deals with the problem of alcohol dependence and nursing care provided to patients with this dependence in the Psychiatric Ward of General Hospitals. The theoretical part of this thesis is devoted to the concept of addiction, alcoholism and the impact of alcoholism on health. Then there are desribed types of treatment of alcohol dependence and specifics of nursing care of patients with alcohol dependence in Psychiatric Ward. In the empirical part of this thesis the research goal was set: to map the issue of providing nursing care for alcohol-dependent patient in Psychiatric Ward. Based on this research goal, research questions were prepared: What role do nurses play in nursing care for alcohol-dependent patients during hospitalization in a Psychiatric Ward and what is the difficulty of providing nursing to alcohol-dependent patients. Qualitative research was used to achieve a set goal. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of 16 nurses working in the psychiatric ward of General Hospitals. The obtained information was then processed by open coding, using the pencil-paper method. The results of the research show that the issue of providing nursing care for alcohol-dependent patients depends on the current state of the patient, previous attempts to treat addiction or many other factors. The role of nurses has its specifics and has an integral part in the treatment of alcohol dependence. The difficulty of providing nursing care can be influenced by the frequency of encountering alcohol addicts, the length of their hospitalization or the occurrence of agitation and aggression.

The main purpose of this work is to map the specifics of access and communication in providing nursing care to geriatric patients with hearing impairment. Following this purpose, three research questions were identified: What problems in daily life in geriatric patients are caused by hearing impairment?; What needs do geriatric patients with hearing impairment have in relation to the nursing staff?; What mistakes in geriatric patients with hearing impairment are encountered by nursing staff? The empirical part of the work was processed by methods of qualitative research, which was carried out in the form of semi-structured interview. The whole interview contained a total of 15 questions. Some of them were supplemented by sub-questions. The research sample consisted of 7 informants over 60 years of age suffering from hearing impairment of varying degrees. The interviews were recorded on a mobile phone using the Answering Machine application and subsequently processed into a written form or recorded in writing during the interview. The obtained results were subsequently processed by the open coding method, using the "pencil paper" technique. The results are divided into three categories: adaptation, communication and specific care. In general, it has become clear that informants are relatively reconciled with their hearing impairment. Hearing loss of varying degrees is above all compensated by hearing aids, which makes the most users satisfied. Frequently asked questions on the evaluation of the quality of provided nursing care mainly showed patient satisfaction. Most of the requests were focused on the specifics of communication, in which staff commits occasional errors. Errors and deficiencies may subsequently complicate patient-staff collaboration. The work brings a comprehensive view of the problems of hearing loss in the geriatric age and its impact on the everyday life of all who suffer from it. The results can serve nurses in practice, as well as medical and non-medical students, and anyone who wants to learn more about life with hearing impairment in old age.

Attention should be paid to pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department mainly because patients at this department make up a risky group, they are older and often tend to use more types of drugs at the same time. Nursing at the orthopedic department is both mentally and physically demanding. Nurses administer medication to patients throughout the whole day, that is why lack of certain medication may occur in this department, the same way they would with all routine procedures. Be it conscious or unconscious. The thesis sets its objective to map out the issue of pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department. Further, to map out factors that may influence the origin of complications when administering medication to patients in the orthopedic deartment, and suggest improvements in the process of pharmacotherapy in the orthopedic department. A qualitative research via participant observation and semi-structured interviews carried out with the nurses and patients of the orthopedic department, was used. The results of this survey prove that nurses do have basic theoretical knowledge in the area of pharmacotherapy. At the same time certain shortcomings were discovered, i.e. this theoretical knowledge is not being applied in practice. Most surprising were the results in the area of patient identification before administering medication, this step not always being abode by the nurses as a part of medical error prevention. Quite on the contrary, it can be said, based on the results, that nurses do have excellent knowledge and skills in pain reduction. This is proven by both participant observation and the happiness of patients themselves. Partial results have been presented at a seminar in the orthopedic department, and they have been passed on to the management of this department. The resulting shortcomings have been used as aid material. The diploma thesis was written so as to serve as material of information to beginner or existing nurses at the orthopedic department as well.

This bachelor thesis deals with an issue of the impact of nephrostomy on patient´s standard of life. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and empiric parts. The theoretical part deals with an inserted nephrostomy catheter as well as with a nursing care about patients with an inserted nephrostomy catheter. The theoretical past focuses on how an inserted nephrostomy influences everyday life and which part of it. The empiric part of the bachelor thesis is performed through a qualitative survey which has two aims and four research questions set. The first aim of the survey construction was focused on a possible impact of nephrostomy on patient´s life comfort. This aim is connected with the first research question which investigated how an inserted nephrostomy influences patient´s common daily activities. The second research question surveyed possible changes in patient´s life after inserting nephrostomy. The second set aim dealt with possible problems of nursing care about nephrostomy patients. For reaching the second aim, the third and fourth research questions were set. The third research question deals with patient´s possible problems during nephrostomy nursing. The fourth research question focused on possible complications during nephrostomy nursing. The data for processing the research construction was collected through halfstructured interviews with six patients with a long-term inserted nephrostomy. Obtained data was processed, categorised and assessed. Results of the research construction revealed, among other things, insufficient education of medical personnel in the field of patient´s awareness of inserted nephrostomy. Based on this fact, a recommendation for general and practical nurses was created, which contains the most important information in points, which should a patient obtain from nurses.

Pain is a phenomenon perceived as an undesirable experience of physical and mental suffering that we want to avoid at any cost. It is common and expected though that during surgeries patients experience pain due to interrupting the integrity of skin and hypodermis by originating a surgical incision. Complex cardiac surgeries, which usually take several hours and create large cuts, require effective analgesic treatment during postoperative recovery ensuring proper pain relief. This bachelor thesis aims to examine the specifics of nursing within analgesic treatment of patients´pain after cardiac surgeries. A theoretical part focuses on general findings about pain, the ways of pain evaluation, the specifics of postoperative pain. This part also introduces the most common cardiac surgeries and pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain treatments. A practical part of the thesis consists of a quantitative research applying semi-structured interviews with ten nurses and ten patients of a cardiac surgical ward. Results show that nurses discover certain specifics in providing pain relief while nursing patients after cardiac surgeries. The research concerns not only with treatment of the pain from a surgical incision, but with treatment of secondary types of pain as well: back pain, painful cough, pain caused with a chest tube. In the interviews, nurses and patients identified a postoperative pain similarly, they identically described pain evaluation executed by nurses, and agreed on high standards of analgesic treatment on this specific ward. The bachelor thesis aspires to be a source of information for nursing students and a proper guide for incoming nurses who are about to be employed at a cardiac surgical ward.

Bachelor thesis " Aggressive patients' behavior from the nurse's point of view" deals with the problems of rising incidence of aggression and violence towards nurses in health care facilities. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part includes an introduction to the given problem and getting familiar with several basic concepts., which are important for understanding of this phenomena. The theoretical part is bringing a brief overview of already published studies with the same topic in the Czech Republic, in Europe and across the world. Empirical part informs about own research outcomes, which was conducted with the participation of 178 respondents, who work as nurses in two large health care facilities in Prague. We used a questionnaire method based on VAPS scale (Violence and Aggression of Patients Scale), which determines the frequency of nurses contact with different types of patients' aggression during the last year. Statistical processing was done by using Mann- Whitney U-test. Over the preceding 12 months, 95.5% of respondents had experienced verbal aggression and 80.3% physical violence, which are similar numbers as in other studies using VAPS scale, but more than is reported in the literature. Empirical part also contents evaluation of own results...

This bachelor work "Nurse's work at gastroenterological out-patien's ward" maps the work of nurse at gastroenterological out-patient's ward, the nurse needs to have a technical qualification, needs to know how to organize her work and how to take care of a patient and how to communicate. The work of gastroenterological nurse is really challenging according to constantly developing technologies. The theoretical part describes nursing methods and specifics of nurse's work. The research part was realized through qualitative survey via semi-structured discussion. The aims of the work were: 1. To find specialties of the nurse's work at gastroenterological out-patient's ward and 2. Figure out choices in further education of nurses working at gastroenterological out-patient's ward. There were stated three research questions: 1) What is the content of the nurse's work at gastroenterological out-patient's ward? 2) What is specific about the communication between the nurse and the patient? 3. What possibilities do nurse working at the gastroenterological out-patient's ward have in further education? Although the research was made in two different hospitals, nurses almost agreed on the content of their work. The survey showed that nurses do a lot of work: they guarantee the functioning of out-patient's ward, they communicate with the doctor and the patient, they watch out for endoscopes, they take biological material etc. We found out that nurses have a lot of opportunities for further education which hospital offers such as courses, seminars and workshops. The results of this work could be used as a source of information for nurses working at gastroenterological out-patient's ward or as a studying material for new coming nurses. These results could also be presented in professional magazines and in professional conferences.

The bachelor thesis "Knowledge of nurses in communication with patients with mental retardation" deals with the problematics of communication between nurses and a specific group of patients, patients with mental retardation. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theoretical part and empirical part. The theoretical part of the work first brings a basic overview and a general introduction to the problematics of communication, and than introduces the problems of mental retardation and explains the specifics in communication with mentally retarded people and provides appropriate recommendations for communicating with mentally disabled people. The empirical part includes own research and presentation of the results and focuses on the knowledge, skills and experience of nurses in communicating with patients with this disability. The research survey was done by a non-standardized questionnaire, which was performed at selected inpatient departments at the Motol University Hospital. The results confirm that patients with mental retardation are more often in children's wards and also that the amount of knowledge of nurses in this area unrelated to their education. Keywords Communication; Mental retardation; Nursing care; Patient; Nurse

The submitted bachelor thesis pursues meningococcal meningitis subject matter from the viewpoint of both nurses and the patients who suffered from meningococcal meningitis. The main goal of this thesis was to monitor two different point of view a nurse and a patient regarding meningococcal meningitis. There were three research questions and two hypothesis prescribed to help us accomplish this determined goal as follows. What the positive the patient sensed during the nursing care implementation? What the negative the patient sensed during the nursing care implementation? How significantly did meningococcal meningitis change the patient life? The nurses´orientation in the subject matter of the nursing care about a patient suffering from meningococcal meningitis depends on the length of their medical practice. The nurses´orientation in the subject matter of the nursing care about a patient suffering from meningococcal meningitis depends on the type of their medical education. For the research realization we applied the combination of both qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative research was carried out by the form of the semi-structured dialog. The research sample included five patients who had suffered from meningococcal meningitis. The quantitative research was accomplished on the basis of non-standardized questionnaires applied to the research sample represented by 102 nurses. The qualitative research results indicate that the respondent patients perceived nurses´partnership attitude, effective communication and pain relieve support positively friendly. The nurses, as well, helped the respondent patiens to confront the lumbar puncture fear and many times even to overcome embarrassment, for example, when needed to empty oneself in bed or make hygiene. As negative experience most of the respondent patients considered the hospitalization at ICU where worst of all for them was empting in bed. Furthermore, they expressed complaints about the after lumbar puncture rest routine. The permanent health problems as a consequence of meningococcal meningitis were mentioned by only one respondent female patient who is suffering extreme exhaustion, immediate memory disorder and sometimes sense of direction losing. The obtained quantitative research data were processed and evaluated by a statistician. The former above mentioned hypothesis was confirmed. However, the latter hypothesis was not confirmed. Accordingly, this means that the nurses´orientation in the subject matter of the nursing care about a patient suffering from meningococcal meningitis depends on the length of their medical practice but it does not depend on the type and degree of their medical education

The theoretical part of my bachelor thesis is primarily focused on nursing care of the patient diagnosed with leukemia and related issues. Purpose of the thesis is to describe this serious disease with an unfavourable prognosis. The theoretical part is built on the basis of analysis of available sources of information concerning the given topic. Two major goals were set for this bachelor thesis. The first objective is to determine the specifics of the nursing care of the patients with leukemia. The second goal was to establish the main issues connected with the nursing care of patients with leukemia. Two research questions were created on grounds of the objectives defined. Those research questions were: What are the specifics of the nursing care of the patients with leukemia? What are the most common issues that nurses have to cope with when treating patients with leukemia? For processing of results acquired in the empirical part of the thesis the form of qualitative research was chosen using the method of semi-structured interviews. The choice of the nurses was intentional, therefore only nurses providing care to the patients with leukemia were addressed. Both research questions were answered and both goals were met. Results from answers received from the nurses were divided into categories and consequently processed. It is necessary for the nurses to comply with the standards in order to avoid complications regarding the patient with leukemia whose immunity is well weakened. Therefore, I would suggest lectures and seminars extension in the hospitals in order to ensure the best quality care for patients with leukemia. This bachelor thesis can be helpful to the students who wish to acquire new information about given disease and provide better understanding of the described issue.

This thesis aims to describe the holistic approach to nursing care of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Based on the established aim two research questions were formulated. First research question: What is the biopsychosocial care for patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis like? Second research question: What biopsychosocial needs do patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have? In the empirical part of the thesis the method of qualitative research using the in-depth interview, which was conducted with general nurses who have experience with taking care of patients with ALS was used. The interview has two parts. In the first part the basic identification data of the informants were found out. The second part was already the interview itself, which was divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the complex nursing care of patients with ALS. The second part finds out the needs of patients with ALS and how are they fulfilled. And the last, third part deals with suggestions of nurses how to improve the nursing care of patients with ALS. For each part the key points for conducting an interview were made up. If needed the informants were also asked complementary questions, which led to a deepening of the topic. The interviews were recorded using a Dictaphone. And subsequently they were converted to written form and processed using the open coding method using the "Pencil and Paper" technique. The results of the research are divided into two parts. The first part is made up of the basic identification data of the informants, the second part consists of three categories that describe detailed results. Category number one deals with the nursing care focused on physical interventions, which general nurses do with patients with ALS and it also deals with the biological needs of these patients and how are they satisfied by the nurses. Category number two describes nursing care with emphasis on the psychosocial aspect and psychosocial and spiritual needs of patients with ALS and their satisfaction by the nurses. Category number 3 offers recommendations for practice of general nurses within the nursing care of patients with ALS. On the basis of the gathered information it is possible to find out, how the holistic care of patients with ALS looks like, but also where are some shortcomings and space for improvement. The results of the research can be applied to practice with the purpose of improving the nursing care of patients with this severe neurological illness.

This bachelor thesis is focused on nursing care of a patient with pulmonary embolism after a hormonal therapy. The theoretical part deals with the issue of pulmonary embolism from the point of view of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, risk factors including hormonal therapy, where it the procoagulant effect of hormonal preparations and the increased risk of thromboembolic disease for young women is pointed out. The bachelor thesis was sourced from the National Medical Library through the PubMed database, Embase (Ovid), Medvik, CINHAL and the keyword search engine. For the practical part a qualitative research method in form of a case study was selected. The case for the study was a patient with pulmonary embolism after the hormonal preparation within the first cycle of assisted reproduction of the IVF. For the purpose of the case study the documentation, method of an interview, observation and cooperation with the care staff was used. Ethical aspects of research were respected during writing of this thesis. The objective of this bachelor thesis is to elaborate a case report including the creation of a nursing care plan for the patient in question and to increase the availability of information on possible risks of hormonal treatment to the general public. The contribution of this bachelor...

This Bachelor's thesis focuses on peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) and their use in health care. Peripherally inserted central catheter is a form of central venous access. This catheter is inserted into a vein in the upper arm using ultrasound navigation (Charvát et al., 2016). The aim of the Bachelor's thesis was to determine the level of experience of the medical personnel with the PICCs and the specifics of nursing care for patients with PICCs in selected departments (oncology, ICU). Next, the goal was also to identify the patients' experience with the inserted PICC. The empirical part describes a qualitative research survey that was carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews. The research group was selected intentionally and consisted of eight nurses experienced in PICC care and eight patients with PICCs. The interviews were processed by an open coding technique using a pen and paper method. When evaluating the interviews with the respondents, nineteen categories were created and further elaborated based on the area of focus. The results of the research show that the experience of medical personnel in various medical institutions differs. None of the nurses participating in the research took a special course or were educated in care for PICCs. Only three interviewed nurses took part in training, where they obtained the basic information needed to properly care for the catheter. The specifics of nursing care also varied slightly, for example in the intervals of rinsing the catheters, the type of material used for dressing, or the education of patients. The patients' experience with PICCs seemed to be very good. The patients were satisfied with the catheters and the treatment was very comfortable.

In this bachelor thesis were set out three aims. At first, to point out the problems of patients with joints deformities of the hand before surgery, which is the substitution of the small joints of the hand, in the second case to find out what role the nurse plays in outpatient care before the operation of the patient. The third aim of this thesis is to find out what the role of the nurse is after the operation of the small joints of the hand of the patient. A qualitative research survey using the semi-structured interview method was used to achieve the aims. The interviews were conducted with patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis after replacement of the small joints of the hand. The research has shown that the most common problem in replacing small joints of the hand was pain and problems with joints of hand in the household, work and termination or change of hobbies. Sleep disturbances, fatigue, psychological problems, and side effects of medicaments also occurred. Someone has also changed their roles in life, job loss or changing role of wives or mothers. In the outpatient clinic, patients are more focused on doctors, but for someone, the nurse performs a counselling function in pain and choosing compensatory aids. It was psychological support, a source of information and a helper. Patients perceived the nurse after operation as a work counsellor, support and navigator after surgery. Apart from problems with joints deformities of hand, patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis have other problems and the nurse should take into account these issues, actively talks about them with patients and contributes to their correction. This bachelor thesis may be an inspiration for nurses in understanding and caring about patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis before and after replacing small joints of the hand.

This thesis intents on patients with chronic kidney diseases. In the theoretical part I sum up basic informations about kidney failure which is a state when kidneys stop to secrete waste ingredients from the body. Then I describe common treatment methods which are hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and transplantation. Nevertheless, the most important is to diagnostic the disease at the early stage and start the therapy as soon as possible. This part of thesis also describes physiological, psychical and social needs of the patient. The nursing staff has to know about all these needs which are connected, therefore neglecting one part may influence the others in a negative way. On the other hand, when all needs are satisfied the patient feels comfortable and the therapy can be successfull. When we get understand the specific needs of every single patient the quality of nursing care enhance radically. The practical part of the thesis explores all the needs through half-structured interviews with nine patients under hemodialysis treatment. We may sum up the outcome briefly as follows: the most important for the patient is the painless state, enough sleep and rest and sufficient fluid intake security. The psychical support is important no less. Unsatisfying these needs may lead to frustruation and deprivation of the patient. On the contrary, satisfaction makes him contented and peaceful and motivates him for getting cured. This thesis may help people with recent diagnosis of chronic kidney disfunction and also people who are already set in dialysis therapy to get more informations. The research may be a source of informations also for students and nurses in practice as well. Hopefully may lead to understanding the needs and limitations of the patients under dialysis treatment and thus to provision them a better care.

The main objective of the thesis was to map the nursing care in the field of handling with a patient after stroke. Two research questions were set down in connection with this objective. The first research question was aimed to the way how nurses handle with patients after stroke. The second research question was focused on the nurse's problems in connection with handling such a group of patients. The empirical part of bachelor thesis was processed by using qualitative research analysis realized by the semi-structured interview technique. The basis of conducting interviews (annex 1) consisted of thirty one questions which in some cases was enriched with supplementary questions. The first six questions were directed to basic identifying informations about nurses followed up to twenty-five questions focused on their experience with the handling of patients after the stroke. The results of research investigation were subsequently treated by a metod of using an open coding with "pen and paper" technique. The research group consisted of nurses working in neurology, rehabilitation, after-care, standard internal depatrmants and in a retirement home. The results were classified into individual thematic categories and subcategories consisted of experience of the nurses, handling specifics, preparation of handling, self-sufficiency, facilitation of handling, positioning, transfers and effects on health of nurses. Generally based on the results of this research is possible to say, that experience of nurses dffers in relation to different working conditions which are manifested in the areas of used equipment and usual procedures. Some differences among nurses were also revealed in access to certain phenomena related to these issues. The bachelor thesis was written to provide the broadest and deeper insight into the issue. The results of the thesis can be used as information materiál for people working with patients after the stroke as well as for students with a deeper interest about the issue.

The goal of the presented study is to assess patient safety during nursing care from two different points of view. The first view represented the opinions of the staff working in direct contact with patients, and the second view represented the management`s opinions of activities leading to quality improvement and care safety. The combination of a quantitative and qualitative study was used to meet the purpose of the thesis. The quantitative part used standardized questionnaires called The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Systems of Quality Improvement in European Hospitals designed for quality managers and coordinators within the project called Deepening of our Understanding of Quality Improvement in Europe (DUQuE) while this part was complemented by a qualitative study using a semi-structured dialogue. The sample consisted of 427 respondents (331 non-medical healthcare professionals working in direct contact with patients and 96 non-medical healthcare managers. The study using the HSOPSC tool showed that the respondents did not perceive patient safety at their workplace as problematic. They did not expect that patient safety would be put at risk during information handovers and patient transfers. Similarly, the management`s activities leading to patient safety improvement were assessed positively, which is one of key elements of ensuring safety culture. Higher attention should be paid to team cooperation across hospital wards, which influences the care coordination, and also to the personnel measures that influence the management of workload and development of errors. It was studied using the DUQUeE tool which sources and methods were the most common for quality improvement and care safety. Clinical audits and monitoring of work of individual staff nurses were mentioned as the most common systematic activities. Improvement efforts should be focused on the area of supporting information technologies and training dealing with internal peer review, and further projects of quality improvement. The sample of the qualitative study consisted of 9 respondents ? managers responsible for the coordination of quality improvement activities. The qualitative study used a semistructured dialogue, and complemented the quantitative study by the information on the ways of putting some areas into practice. Among others, it was found out that the range and quality of evaluated results corresponded with the absence of training in particular methods at the level of management of non-medical healthcare professions. This thesis has produced both theoretical and practical benefits. The practical benefit includes the recommendation of a suitable combination of testing methods for hospital self-assessments within the concept of safe care. The involvement of staff nurses and management will contribute to more effective promotion of safety and the whole process of continuous improvement, and repeated assessments will enable monitoring of the effect of safety measures. In the theoretical area, this study can extend the approach to management education since it provides various innovative views of safety problems and care quality.

The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map nursing documentation and administration versus direct patients´ care. Research part of this work was focused on finding out how much time the nurses spent filling out nursing documentation and how much time they spent with the patients. In this bachelor thesis quantitative and qualitative research was used to achieve the aim. In the first part of the research non-standardized questionnaires were used. In the first part of quantitative research a non-standardized questionnaire was used and it was distributed via internet. These questionnaires were filled by 200 nurses working in hospitals in South Bohemia. The first hypothesis assumes that nurse spends more time on nursing documentation and administration then on direct patients´ care. Second hypothesis says that nurse working in intensive care unit spends more time on direct patients´ care then nurse in standard department. In second part of research a hidden observation was applied. And it took place in hospital České Budějovice a.s. in standard department and intensive care unit, where 6 nurses were observed. This observation was described in observation sheet. This thesis provides information material about filling nursing documentation and direct patients´ care and considering what was written in this thesis as beneficial to both professionals and general public. From quantitative and qualitative research is obvious that nurses spend more time with patients then on filling out nursing documentation. Further research of this topic is recommended, also simplification of documentation, which would reduce time spend with administration. Nurses would be satisfied and have more time for patients and could focus on their higher needs.

The bachelor thesis refers to the aspects of the nursing care for patients with chronic heart failure. The aim of the thesis is to identify the specifics of the nursing care for patients with chronic heart failure. Furthermore, the subsequent aim is to identify the most frequent nursing problems with patients with chronic heart failure. The qualitative research inquiries were used to reach the defined aims. Semi-structured conversation with patients suffering with chronic heart failure and with nurses working at cardiology intermediary care and the ambulance of heart failure was the most used method to collect the data. Interesting results were achieved with the research. Respondents had a limited knowledge about the classification according to NYHA, but the knowledge of diseases was at a good level. Nurses and even patients agreed on regimes measures, which were implemented upon patients with chronic heart failure at the emergency and at the department. There were some references to Fowler positions, ECG, blood collection and following checkup. Nurses added further professional information, but they coincided with patients. Patients bore the best knowledge of the regime measures. The efficiency of education of nurses about the regimes measures has been reflected in responses of respondent patients. Patients knew which measures are related to their disease, what they should change and what they should start to do. Based on the answers, it can be stated that measures like sinking kitchen salt, restricting of intake liquids and No smoking are getting the overbearing role within regimes. An information booklet, which can serve for medical staff, for student of medical branches or for patients with chronic heart failure was created as an outcome of the Bachelor Thesis. In booklet they can find: what is it chronic heart failure, what causes it, what symptoms the disease has, classification according to NYHA, what is the prevention of the disease, pharmacotherapy, regimes and dietary measures, procedure upon acceptance patients to hospitalization, and further information.

This thesis studies a nursery care for patients with dysphagia. The main goal of the thesis was to collect experience about nursery care. To achieve our goals, we have employed following questions: How is the swallowing ability monitored by nurses? What kind of special treatment is provided to patients with dysphagia? Are other specialists involved into treatment? Are there any special tools needed when treating patients with dysphagia? What are the specific needs of patients with dysphagia? What are the problems the patients with dysphagia are facing? The research was done by half-structured interview with eight nurses in the age range 26-60 years. More specifically three nurses from neurology, two nurses from aftercare ward and one nurse from internal medicine ward, intensive care, otorhinolaryngology were interviewed.The interview consisted of 32 questions (see Appendix 6). The results obtained were processed by open ink using the "pencil paper" technique. The results of the work are divided into individual categories, which are: monitoring, specific interventions, cooperation with other experts, compensatory aids, patients 'needs, patients' problems. The thesis provides an overview of the nursing care of patients with dysphagia.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is very rare disease (estimated incidence is one case for one million people per year), which nature is uncontrollable reproduction of infectious prion protein in brain tissue. In some cases, the disease might have long incubation time but then very fast progression and in all cases, it ends with death. Nowadays we do not know curative treatment and the patient depends only on palliative treatment. The main goal of my Thesis is to describe a nursing care of a patient with this disease and to emphasize the importance of the palliative care. Partial goal is to describe disease progression (clinical condition of the patient) from the admission to the hospice until the end of her life (total of 27 days) and to increase knowledge about this disease among the medical staff. I also set a goal to find out specifics of care of patients with this disease. The Thesis is written as case report of a specific patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The methodology for case report is detailed study of patient's medical documentation in the hospice and cooperation with nursing staff and doctors. Based on the case report I can state that palliative care does not differ a lot for varied diseases of patients, however for patients with CJD the specific is the preventive use of...

The main goal of the thesis was to map the specific needs of the patient with lymphoma and to determine the requirements for nursing care. In connection with these goals, four research questions have been identified. "What are the specific physical needs of a patient with lymphoma?"; "What are the specific psycho-social needs of a patient with lymphoma?"; "What nursing problems are there in a patient with lymphoma?"; "What is considered by patient with lymphoma in the context of nursing care a priority?". The empirical part of the bachelor´s thesis was processed through a qualitative research analysis, which was carried out by a depth interview. The depth interview was divided into four sections, which were further divided into different sections referring informants to specific questions. The first round focused on basic indentification data of informants. The second round focused on the specific physical and psychosocial needs of the patient with lymphoma. In the third round, the nursing problems of the patient with lymphoma were mentioned. The last fourth part dealt with the patient's priorities for nursing care. The obtained results were processed in the form of an open coding method "pencil-paper". The research group was consisted of five patients suffering from lymphoma. Based on the research, four categories were identified: the course of illness, the influence of physical needs of illnesses, the influence of psycho-social needs of illnesses and priorities in nursing care. The thesis provides an overview of the issue of lymphoma from the patient's perspective. The thesis takes into account the specific needs of patients with lymphoma and their requirements for nursing care. The results of the thesis can be used as a teaching material for students of health care disciplines or can be used by nurses in connection with take care of patients suffering from lymphoma.

Peritoneal dialysis, together with hemodialysis, is one of the options for the renal function replacement. These days is the treatment with the help of peritoneal dialysis being used by more and more patients. One of the big advantages of peritoneal dialysis is the ability to care for yourself in the comfort of home, and that the patient doesn´t have to visit the center for dialysis several times a week. Theoretical part of this thesis is dedicated to peritoneal dialysis. Its physiology and types, types of peritoneal catheter and care of the floating tip. All the aids the patient needs for peritoneal dialysis are described here. You can find here description of the possible infectious on non-infectious complications. The last part is devoted to role of nurse in care of patients with peritoneal dialysis. The empirical part of this thesis was processed with help of a qualitative research. Our goal was to find out the most common problems of the peritoneal dialysis patient in their home environment. Based on the objective, there were made semi-structured interviews, that were performed with patients, who have or who used to have peritoneal dialysis. Information received from the patients was analyzed and divided into categories. The results of the research showed the most common problems of the patient with the peritoneal dialysis. The most common problems include the first reconciliation with peritoneal dialysis, fear of infection, but also fear of being able to go to work and others. This bachelor thesis could be helpful to the patients, who already experienced some kidney diseases or are just starting the medical treatment with help of peritoneal dialysis or are being treated by hemodialysis and are considering this option. This thesis may be also helpful to the students or already graduated nurses, who start working in hemodialysis center.

This thesis aims to provide a closer look at the issue and presentation of a clear summary of information on the issue of bone marrow transplantation via the Review Method and Information Synthesis. The thesis contains a theoretical description of nurse intervention before and after extracting bone marrow from a voluntary donor, as well as a description of nurse´s interventions before and after transplantingextracted hematopoietic cells from a patient suffering from the indicating blood illness. Treating hemato-oncological diseases is a lengthy and very demanding process. It relies in transplanting hematopoietic cells, and it means a great hope to cure the ill person. The transplantation itself is preceded by a long row of examinations, medical and administrative procedures needed to ensure the highest hope of curing the ill patient possible. In the Czech Republic, there are two donor registers cooperating together, based on the principle of all-register international cooperation. Since the moment of graft conversion, the transplanted patient is in a highly risky state. The patient´s living days start to be counted again. Taking care of hematopoietic cell recipients, the patient´s maximal well-being, safety, psychological well-being and most importantly, avoiding possible complications which may significantly slow down or even destroy medical staff´s and the voluntary donor´s efforts to save another person´s life completely, are all necessary focal points of the process. The thesis describes specific procedures of care for patients suffering from different kinds of complications, with regard to the nurses´ work. Because there is a difference in caring and communicating with adult and child patients, one of the subchapters is devoted especially to caring for child oncological patients, and the options of adjusting the communication to their needs and their parents´ needs. To return the patient back to their best life quality possible, it is necessary to follow principles of a healthy lifestyle and correct nutrition principles.

Aim of the thesis An aim was set for the survey: To map human life dignity in hospital bed. Methods of reaching the aim The aim was reached through qualitative and quantitative questionnaire construction. In the qualitative part of the research construction, a half structured interview was applied. Ten general nurses were questioned in the Subsequent Care Department and the same number of informants in the Internal Department. The interviews were coded by "pencil and paper" method. In the quantitative questionnaire construction, non-standardized questionnaires were applied. These questionnaires were printed. The respondents were patients hospitalized in the Subsequent Care Department and patients in the Internal Department. For statistical verification of hypotheses, Chi-squared Test was applied. Scientific contributions of the thesis Respecting human dignity or dignified approach to patients in hospital facilities is essential part of nursing care. Medical personnel should have basic theoretical knowledge that enable them to respect human dignity in its practical sense. This thesis is suitable as a motivating material especially for nurses, who should bring the patients comfort without a feeling of undignified dealing. Furthemore, it can be used as informative material for the public, especially for patients, or can be presented at special seminars. Gained knowledge, conclusion Based on qualitative questionnaire construction it appears that general nurses have knowledge of dignified approach towards patients. From quantitative survey is obvious that dignity of patients in the Subsequent Care Department as well in Internal Department is respected satisfactorily, however there are some flaws which concern for example suitable introduction of the personnel or lack of information before the medical service or during it.

Inflammatory bowel disease is often discussed topic among the medics in the field of diagnostics, treatment and prognosis, however what is usually ignored is quality of life. The bachelor thesis aims at revealing the quality of life of patients with idiopathic bowel disease. The theoretical part introduces inflammatory bowel disease with its principal types of Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis. The empiric part is focused on IBD patients´ quality of life. The research part of the thesis is based on standardized questionnaire Short Form 36, aimed at quality of life of patients in South Bohemia. For reaching the goal, three main hypotheses were selected: H1: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have mental problems. H2: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have physical problems. H3: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have social problems. The questionnaire construction was conducted in Word Excel programme using graphs and basic statistics. A positive output from the respondents was very surprising because the most of the respondents answered the questions concerning their quality of life positively. It is possible to state that this situation may be caused by the latest available treatment, timely diagnosis and also by a certain effort within our society to deal with chronically ill patients with kindness and respect. This survey convinced me that also people with chronical diseases can have good quality of life. The topic of this bachelor thesis was highly interesting for me; my original presumptions were different, therefore the results were surprisingly pleasing. Creating this bachelor thesis was very helpful for me. This bachelor thesis can be used as informative material for nurses in hospitals or for students of non-medical health care branches. Furthermore, this thesis can be used for further study.