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Background: There is a gender difference in the acceptance of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment in patients after fragility fractures, but this difference is rarely assessed during hospitalization, and it is unclear whether these differences are age-dependent. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between male and female fragility fracture patients of different age groups who received the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis during hospitalization., Methods: 31,265 fragility fracture patients aged ≥ 50 years from the Fragility Fracture Management Database in a high-volume orthopedic hospital from December 2019 to February 2023 were included in this study. We compared the differences in the rates of men and women with fragility fracture who received the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism biochemical markers (BMBMs) and treatment with anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs), and follow-up to the internal medicine clinic within 3 months after discharge, across all age groups and across different age stages (50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and ≥ 80 years)., Results: The detection rates of female patients receiving BMD and BMBMs during hospitalization were 31.88% and 5.30%, respectively, compared with 22.23% and 2.69% for men. The rate of receiving any AOMs treatment was 44.63% for women and 31.60% for men. The follow-up rate of returning to the internal medicine clinic within 3 months after discharge was 9.79% for women compared to 3.00% for men. There was a significant difference between males compared to females (P < 0.0001). Analysis of patients by different age group revealed that differences in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis were found only in patients under 80 years of age, while gender differences in the return to the internal medicine clinic for follow-up after discharge were present in all age groups., Conclusions: Gender differences present in osteoporosis management in patients with fragility fracture during hospitalization, especially for patients under 80 years of age. This finding suggests that orthopedic surgeons neglect to manage osteoporosis in male patients with fragility fracture during hospitalization., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Iron is one of the essential mineral elements for the human body and this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Iron is essential in oxygen transport, participates in many enzyme systems in the body, and is an important trace element in maintaining basic cellular life activities. Iron also plays an important role in collagen synthesis and vitamin D metabolism. Therefore, decrease in intracellular iron can lead to disturbance in the activity and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, resulting in imbalance in bone homeostasis and ultimately bone loss. Indeed, iron deficiency, with or without anemia, leads to osteopenia or osteoporosis, which has been revealed by numerous clinical observations and animal studies. This review presents current knowledge on iron metabolism under iron deficiency states and the diagnosis and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). With emphasis, studies related to iron deficiency and bone loss are discussed, and the potential mechanisms of iron deficiency leading to bone loss are analyzed. Finally, several measures to promote complete recovery and prevention of iron deficiency are listed to improve quality of life, including bone health.

Objective: Osteoporosis (OP), clinically featured with a low bone mineral density (BMD) and high risk of bone fracture, has become a major risk factor of disability and death in the elders, especially in postmenopausal women. The gut microbiome (GM) is thought to be implicated in bone metabolism. Herein, we clarified the composition signature and gene functional profile of GM in older people with normal and low BMD., Design and Methods: A total of 455 participants underwent the BMD measurement and biochemical detection. GM analysis was further performed on 113 cases of postmenopausal women and men aged over 50, including both 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing., Results: Generally, the BMD value was significantly lower in the older age groups, especially in the postmenopausal women. Consistently, we observed obvious vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in females (compared to the male, P < 0.0001). The results from 16S rRNA sequencing revealed higher numbers of OTUs and diversity indexes in females than in males. The abundance in composition of Firmicutes and Clostridiales were correlated with the BMD values in females. LEfSe analysis discovered several enriched bacteria taxons in OP and normal control (NC) subgroups. A positive correlation between the number of genes and BMD values was observed in females based on metagenomic sequencing analysis. Furthermore, we identified the connecting modules among the GM composition - gene functional signature - BMD value/T score in both females and males., Conclusions: This study provides evidences upon which to understand the mechanisms of the effects of GM on bone health, consequently revealing the physiology status and potential diagnostic/therapeutic targets based on GM for OP and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Besides, the status of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency need to be concerned and improved in the Chinese people., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Wang, Gao, Lv, Zeng, Li, Wang, Zhang, Gao and Wang.)

Objective To investigate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of patients with osteoporosis in Xi'an. Methods Four hundred and forty osteoporotic patients were randomly selected from December in 2012 to November in 2013 in Xian. Fasting blood samples were collected. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was determined using electrochemiluminescence (Rocher, Swiss). These patients were divided in the winter-spring group (from December 2012 to May 2013) and summer-autumn group (from June 2013 to November 2013). The data were analyzed using a SPSS13. 0 software. Results Four hundred and forty osteoporotic patients were investigated, in which female patients were much more than male ones. Vitamin D inadequacy existed generally in osteoporotic patients. Among them, vitamin D deficiency and critical deficiency were in a greater ratio. There was no statistic difference in the level of vitamin D between the male and the female. Vitamin D level in osteoporotic patients in winter-spring group was lower than that in patients, in summer-autumn group. Conclusion The study shows that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in osteoporotic patients in Xi'an was common. No difference exists between males and females. The vitamin D level is associated with the change of the season. This study provides certain reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Static magnetic fields (SMFs), magnetic fields with constant intensity and orientation, have been extensively studied in the field of bone biology both fundamentally and clinically as a non-invasive physical factor. A large number of animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that SMFs have effective therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases such as non-healing fractures, bone non-union of bone implants, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The maintenance of bone health in adults depends on the basic functions of bone cells, such as bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Numerous studies have revealed that SMFs can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and function of bone tissue cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, bone marrow monocytes (BMMs), osteoclasts, and osteocytes. In this paper, the effects of SMFs on bone-related diseases and bone tissue cells are reviewed from both in vivo studies and in vitro studies, and the possible mechanisms are analyzed. In addition, some challenges that need to be further addressed in the research of SMF and bone are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron overload is a risk factor for osteoporosis due to its oxidative toxicity. Previous studies have demonstrated that an excessive amount of iron increases osteocyte apoptosis and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) production, which stimulates osteoclast differentiation in vitro. However, the effects of exogenous iron supplementation-induced iron overload on osteocytes in vivo and its role in iron overload-induced bone loss are unknown. This work aimed to develop an iron overloaded murine model of C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal administration of iron dextran for two months. The iron levels in various organs, bone, and serum, as well as the microstructure and strength of bone, apoptosis of osteocytes, oxidative stress in bone tissue, and bone formation and resorption, were assessed. The results showed that 2 months of exogenous iron supplementation significantly increased iron levels in the liver, spleen, kidney, bone tissue, and serum. Iron overload negatively affected bone microstructure and strength. Osteocyte apoptosis and empty lacunae rate were elevated by exogenous iron. Iron overload upregulated RANKL expression but had no significant impact on osteoprotegerin (OPG) and sclerostin levels. Static and dynamic histologic analyses and serum biochemical assay showed that iron overload increased bone resorption without significantly affecting bone formation. Exogenous iron promoted oxidative stress in osteocytes in vivo and in vitro. Additional supplementation of iron chelator (deferoxamine) or N-acetyl- l -cysteine (NAC) partially alleviated bone loss, osteocyte apoptosis, osteoclast formation, and oxidative stress due to iron overload. These findings, in line with prior in vitro studies, suggest that exogenous iron supplementation induces osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis by promoting osteocyte apoptosis and RANKL production via oxidative stress. • Exogenous iron-induced osteocyte apoptosis through oxidative stress. • Exogenous iron promoted osteocytic RANKL expression in vivo • Exogenous iron triggered bone resorption without affecting bone formation in vivo [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]