1. Long-term ambient air pollution and the risk of musculoskeletal diseases: A prospective cohort study.
- Author
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Cheng B, Pan C, Cai Q, Liu L, Cheng S, Yang X, Meng P, Wei W, He D, Liu H, Jia Y, Wen Y, Xu P, and Zhang F
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Prospective Studies, Particulate Matter toxicity, Environmental Exposure, Nitrogen Dioxide, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollutants analysis, Osteoporosis chemically induced, Joint Diseases chemically induced
- Abstract
Evidence of the associations of air pollution and musculoskeletal diseases is inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the associations between air pollutants and the risk of incident musculoskeletal diseases, such as degenerative joint diseases (n = 38,850) and inflammatory arthropathies (n = 20,108). An air pollution score was constructed to assess the combined effect of PM
2.5 , PM2.5-10 , NO2 , and NOX . Cox proportional hazard model was applied to assess the relationships between air pollutants and the incidence of each musculoskeletal disease. The air pollution scores exhibited the modest association with an increased risk of osteoporosis (HR = 1.006, 95% CI: 1.002-1.011). Among the individual air pollutants, PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 exhibited the most significant effect on elevated risk of musculoskeletal diseases, such as PM2.5 on osteoporosis (HR = 1.064, 95% CI: 1.020-1.110), PM2.5-10 on inflammatory arthropathies (HR = 1.059, 95% CI: 1.037-1.081). Females were found to have a higher risk of incident musculoskeletal diseases when exposed to air pollutants. Individuals with extreme BMI or lower socioeconomic status had a higher risk of developing musculoskeletal diseases. Our findings reveal that long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants may contribute to an increased risk of musculoskeletal diseases., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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