36 results on '"Gliozzi, Elsa"'
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2. Preface Ostracoda as proxies for paleoenvironmental changes
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GLIOZZI, Elsa, Pugliese M, Alvarez Zarikian C., Gliozzi, Elsa, Pugliese, M, and Alvarez Zarikian, C.
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17 th International Symposium of Ostracoda ,proceeding ,Ostracoda - Abstract
Ostracoda are microcrustaceans whose soft parts are enclosed in a bivalve carapace composed of low-Mg calcite. Their small dimensions (0.4 to 2.0 mm on average) and hard parts coupled with a long evolutionary history (from Ordovician to Present) and adaptation to all kinds of aquatic habitat make them a successful taxonomic group for paleontological analyses (Rodriguez-Lazaro and Ruiz-Muñoz, 2012). Ostracoda are mainly benthonic and are very strictly linked to their environment. They are particularly sensitive to salinity, depth, temperature, and bottom substrate, as well as hydrochemistry, nutrient content, and pollution. In addition, their carapace is a source of biogenic carbonate, suitable for geochemical studies (Ito et al., 2003). For all these reasons, Ostracoda represent an excellent proxy for the studies of paleoenvironmental changes during the Phanerozoic (Boomer et al., 2003) aswell as for climate reconstructions during Quaternary as widely demonstrated by the recent volume edited by Horne et al. (2012). The present volume, “Ostracoda as proxies for palaeoenvironmental changes — Selected papers from 17th ISO” assembles selected research on paleoenvironments based on Ostracoda that was presented at the 17th International Symposium on Ostracoda, held in Rome (Italy) from the 22nd to the 26th of July, 2013. Prior to this volume, three special issues of Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (Holmes and Horne, 1999; Ikeya et al., 2005; Mischke and Holmes, 2008) have stemmed from the International Symposium on Ostracoda (ISO), one of the largest international micropaleontological conferences with a focus on a single microfossil group. The ISO meetings bring together ostracod researchers from all around the world every 4 years to discuss and exchange classic and novelmethods and applications in the study of Ostracoda in a professional but collegial atmosphere. Presentations at these symposia have often been the prelude to notable and significant publications that have advanced our knowledge on the biology, taxonomy, evolution, and ecology of this group of micro-crustaceans and enhanced their application to the earth sciences. The principle of publishing these works in a special issue of a prestigious international journal such as Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology is intended to bring the latest developments in ostracod research not just to ostracodologists, but also to the wider earth science scientific community.
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- 2015
3. Historical evolution and Middle to Late Holocene environmental changes in Lake Shkodra (Albania): new evidences from ostracod analysis
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Mazzini I, Koci R, Soulie Marsche I, Zanchetta G, Baneschi I, Sadori L, Giardini M, Van Welden A, Bushati S., GLIOZZI, Elsa, Mazzini, I, Gliozzi, Elsa, Koci, R, Soulie Marsche, I, Zanchetta, G, Baneschi, I, Sadori, L, Giardini, M, Van Welden, A, and Bushati, S.
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palaeoenvironment ,Ostracoda ,Palaeoclimate - Abstract
The 7.5 m long SK13 sediment core, drilled at Lake Shkodra (Albania) bottom depth of 7 m in the central southern part of the lake, was selected for multidisciplinary analysis. Ostracods, Characeae, pollens, and stable isotopes were studied with the aim to reconstruct the past biodiversity and the palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes occurred during the Middle-Late Holocene. The chronological framework of SK13 was already known and well constrained through radiometric datings. The sediment core age spans from 4560 cal year BP to present. Thirteen ostracod and five charophyte species were identified. Among them, the ostracods Candona montenigrina and Limnocythere scutariense are endemic of the lake; Candona meridionalis and Paralimnocythere georgevitschi have been collected for the first time in the Lake Shkodra while formerly were considered endemic respectively of Lake Dojran and Lake Prespa; Metacypris cordata, ?Carpathocandona sp., and Cyclocypris sp. were never recorded in the lake and were found only in the lower portion of the sediment core. Among the charopytes, Lychnothamnus barbatus and N. hyalina are recorded for the first time in the lake and occurs with high frequency throughout interval A of core. The faunal composition is quite homogeneous, with the percentages of the different species varying along the sediment core. The main change occurs between 1274 and 1197 cal yr BP, where charophytes disappear abruptly as well as 8 ostracod species out of 13, and the frequency of the remaining 5 species dramatically increases. Moreover at that moment, it occurs also the appearance of a peculiar not-tuberculate morphotypes of Ilyocypris monstrifica. The micropaleontological data suggest a decrease of the lake biodiversity since around 1200 cal years BP linked to the transition between an ancient marshland to a lacustrine environment. This drastic change seems to be independent from any global or local climate changes and could be related to the co-occurrence of two phenomena: 1) the Adriatic sea level rise during the Middle and Late Holocene, that that would have uplifted the base level of the River Bojana causing a decrease of its discharge and, consequently, reducing the drainage of the water from the Shkodra swamp; 2) the periodical change of the River Drin course over the last five centuries, which, when deviated into the Bojana river, blocked the River Bojana outflow.
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- 2015
4. Taxonomic harmonization of Neogene and Quaternary candonid genera (Crustacea, Ostracoda) of the Paratethys.
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Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, Boomer, Ian, Stoica, Marius, and Athersuch, John
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NEOGENE Period , *OSTRACODA , *LAKES , *SEAS , *GEOMETRIC analysis , *ENDEMIC animals , *CRUSTACEA - Abstract
During the Cenozoic, the constant northward movement of the African plate led to the division of the Tethys Ocean into two: the Palaeomediterranean and the Paratethyan branches. The latter was represented by a huge epicontinental sea and brackish to freshwater lakes that extended across central Europe and western Asia. Neogene and Quaternary ostracods from the Paratethys originated through major adaptive radiations, which gave rise to endemic brackish taxa. Unfortunately, much confusion surrounds their taxonomy, due to the quality of descriptions and images in the original literature and the incompleteness of the type material, making necessary a taxonomic revision. In this paper, we propose a systematic revision of several Paratethyan endemic candonid genera based on the analysis of the type material, new material collected from the type localities, and new fossil material from the Ponto-Caspian area. The study focuses on the description of the valve morphology and particularly on the geometric morphometric analysis of the valve outline. Thirty-three genera were taken into account of which four (Advenocypris, Candoniella, Graviacypris, Telekia) were considered to be junior synonyms of Typhlocypris, Pseudocandona or Candona. Moesiella is considered a nomen nudum. In the case of Caspiollina, Dacicandona, Liventalina and Turkmenella the scarcity of material and/or the poor descriptions reported in the literature prevented us from performing a full revision. The monospecific genus Thaminocypris possibly includes a teratological form. The remaining 23 genera were merged into nine valid, endemic, genera (Bakunella, Camptocypria, Caspiocypris, Hastacandona, Lineocypris, Pontoniella, Propontoniella, Typhlocyprella and Zalanyiella). Emended diagnoses and descriptions are proposed for these genera and a new species, Bakunella anae sp. nov., is described. This study considerably reduces the taxonomic uncertainty within the Paratethyan candonids, providing new data for the evaluation of the palaeobiodiversity of the Paratethyan domain. Finally, the palaeobiogeography of Paratethyan candonids during the Neogene and Quaternary is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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5. A multidisciplinary contribution to the Ilyocypris puzzle
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MAZZINI I, ROSSETTI G, PIERI V., GLIOZZI, Elsa, Mazzini, I, Gliozzi, Elsa, Rossetti, G, and Pieri, V.
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soft parts ,Ilyocypri ,valve morphology ,Ostracoda ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Ilyocypris Brady & Norman, 1889 is a widespread freshwater ostracod genus including about 30 living and 190 fossil species. The specific identification of the living Ilyocypris relies mainly on the appendages, being an identification exclusively based on valves rather complicated because of the high intraspecific variability of their characters in several species. This study aims to test the taxonomic significance of the carapace characteristics through the examination of specimens unambiguously identified on the basis of their soft part morphology, in order to provide useful taxonomic criteria for the identification of Ilyocypris shells in fossil assemblages. Sixty-five ilyocypridid specimens collected in mainland Italy and surrounding islands were analysed. All specimens were dissected and soft parts checked in light microscopy. The patterns of valve surface ornamentation and of marginal ripplets were examined by electron microscopy. Moreover, the geometric morphometric analysis of the valve outlines was performed. Sixty-two specimens could be easily accommodated in eight Ilyocypris species (I. bradyi, I. decipiens, I. getica, I. gibba, I. hartmanni, I. inermis, I. monstrifica, and I. salebrosa) according to the morphology of their appendages. Three additional specimens, with soft parts typical of Ilyocypris but clearly distinct valve morphology, were left in open nomenclature. Our results show that the outline analysis is often a valid tool to discriminate between different species. Conversely, valve ornamentation displays different degrees of intraspecific variability in some Ilyocypris species. The marginal ripplets are constant within each species, but they do not always mirror the patterns reported by other authors; therefore, we do not consider them as reliable diagnostic character for specific determination. This study confirms that the identification of Ilyocypris species requires accurate description of appendages as well as external and internal carapace characteristics, and stresses the advantage of a combined neontological and paleontological investigation in solving taxonomic problems related to non-marine ostracods.
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- 2014
6. TAXONOMIC REVISION OF LIVENTAL’S SPECIES OF BRACKISH WATER OSTRACODA (Crustacea) AND DESIGNATION OF NEOTYPES
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GLIOZZI, Elsa, ALADIN N, BOOMER I, DMITRIEVA T, DYKAN N, SCHORNIKOV E. I, STOICA M, TESAKOVA E., Gliozzi, Elsa, Aladin, N, Boomer, I, Dmitrieva, T, Dykan, N, SCHORNIKOV E., I, Stoica, M, and Tesakova, E.
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Ostracoda ,Taxonomy ,Paratethys - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to re-describe LIVENTAL’s (1929) species through the SEM pictures of the specimens included in various historical collections deposited at the Micropaleontological Laboratory of the VNIGRI, St. Petersburg, Russia, since the original Livental’s collection seems to be lost as well as the Azerbaijan collections by Agalarova (AGALAROVA, 1956, 1967; AGALAROVA et al., 1940, 1961). In particular, the revision is based on the VNIGRI collection AZNII27 of L.N. Klein who studied the ostracods of the Azerbaijan area of Babazanan (KLEIN, 1960, the same area studied by LIVENTAL, 1929) and on several other collections from Turkmenistan, the Caucasus and Euxinic/Black Sea? Basin included both in historical collections (Mandelstam, Luebimova, Rozjeva, Stepanaitys) as well as on new findings from the Euxinic Basin. The discussion on each species is accompanied by its synonymy, and an updated geographical and stratigraphical distribution based on the new chronostratigraphical data of KRIJGSMAN et al. (2010) and VAN BAAK et al. (2013). In those few cases where the Livental’s species are still living in the Caspian or Black Sea, the soft parts are described and the ecological parameters given.
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- 2013
7. Ostracod communities associated to aquatic macrophytes in an urban park: the example of the Caffarella Valley (Park of the Appia Antica, Rome, Italy)
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Mazzini I, Piccari F, Rossi A, Faranda C, CESCHIN, SIMONA, ABATI, SILVERIO, GLIOZZI, Elsa, Mazzini, I, Ceschin, Simona, Abati, Silverio, Faranda, F, Piccari, F, Gliozzi, Elsa, Rossi, A., Rossi, A, and Faranda, C
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phytophilous ostracod ,human impact ,aquatic plant ,Ostracod ,Urban park ,Italy ,Ostracoda ,spatial biological pattern ,exotic species ,Macrophyte - Abstract
The relationship between ostracod and macrophyte communities has been seldom studied, especially in urban parks. The main purpose of this research is to explore such a relationship in the area of Rome, and in particular in the Appia Antica Regional Park (Rome, Italy), to provide information about the environmental characteristics influencing both the assemblages and to document for the first time the distribution of freshwater ostracods in an area inside the city of Rome. The survey has considered different water bodies: springs, channels, ditches and a pond. Chemical and physical parameters were measured during the ostracod sampling in 13 sites during the 4 different seasons. The ostracod assemblage includes 11 species whereas the macrophyte community is formed by 17 species. Their link with the measured abiotic parameters has been studied through several statistical analyses: cluster analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling and canonical correspondence analysis. The results clearly separate the investigated area in one sector where COD and phosphates are the driving factors and another sector where inorganic nitron ions, pH and conductivity are the main influencing factors. To better understand the ostracod-macrophyte interaction, Spearman rank-order correlation analysis was performed, confirming such a link. Although the macrophyte community is clearly affected by human pressure, the relationship with the ostracod assemblages seems well established and identified by exclusive pairs or groups of species. Among them, the Cypria lacustris-Lemna minuta duo is of considerable importance, being L. minuta an exotic species, known as an invasive weed in some areas of Europe and spread in Italy only recently. The fact that the 13 sites were characterized by different public access regulation has been partially mirrored by both ostracod and macrophyte distribution since the majority of the sites characterised by the highest diversity are those with restricted access. In general, notwithstanding the anthropic pressure, the occurrence of different kinds of water bodies has allowed the development of ostracod and macrophyte associations, which are rarely represented in an urban park.
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- 2013
8. Piacenzian–Gelasian non‐marine ostracods from the Dunarobba Fossil Forest (Tiberino Basin, Umbria, central Italy).
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Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, Medici, Maria Chiara, and Coxall, Helen
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ENDANGERED species ,FOSSILS ,ECOLOGICAL niche ,TAXONOMY - Abstract
The taxonomy of some non‐marine ostracod assemblages from the Dunarobba Fossil Forest area (south Tiberino Basin, Umbria, Italy) is discussed, adding to the scientific understanding of Piacenzian–Gelasian non‐marine ostracods in central Italy and providing a palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the shallow coastal lacustrine environments of the Palaeolake Tiberino. The ostracod assemblages include Darwinula stevensoni, Vestalenula cylindrica, Candona (Candona) improvisa, Candona (Neglecandona) neglecta, Candona (Neglecandona) angulata, Candona (Neglecandona) paludinica, Caspiocypris basilicii, Caspiocypris tiberina, Candonopsis kingsleii, Cyclocypris ovum, Ilyocypris bradyi, Ilyocypris decipiens, Cypris mandelstami, Zonocypris membranae quadricella, Potamocypris fulva, Cyprideis crotonensis, Cyprideis rectangularis and two new species: Hemicypris lomastroi sp. nov. and Paralimnocythere turgida sp. nov. In addition to widespread European species, the ostracod assemblages contain some rare species that were previously known from the Pliocene Paludinian Beds of Serbia. A cluster analysis applied to the ostracod frequency matrix has lead to the identification of four separate assemblages that can be attributed to several ecological niches, including emerged hydrosols, ephemeral coastal pools and a littoral lacustrine margin, which suggest a complex coastal environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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9. High-resolution palaeohydrological reconstruction of central Italy during the Holocene.
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Marchegiano, Marta, Francke, Alexander, Gliozzi, Elsa, Wagner, Bernd, and Ariztegui, Daniel
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LIMNOLOGY ,OSTRACODA ,PLEISTOCENE Epoch ,PALEOCLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
The endorheic nature of Lake Trasimeno in combination with its position in central Italy makes it a relevant site to better constrain spatial differences in Holocene climatic variability in the Mediterranean area. Herein, we present a high-resolution ostracod record from the Holocene section of an 8.59-m-long sedimentary core, which is compared with historical data to distinguish anthropogenic and climatic signals. The occurrence, abundance and vanishing of ostracod species are directly controlled by lake-level variations, which are in turn related to global and regional climatic changes (i.e. moisture variations). The total organic carbon content as well as observed lithological changes provide additional information about Lake Trasimeno's hydrological and trophic conditions in the past. Most important variations have been identified at ca. 10,000 cal. yr BP, when the lacustrine basin changed from a temporary to a permanent waterbody (from Sarsicypridopsis aculeata to Candona angulata association). The highest lake level and the total absence of ostracods occur at around 9000 cal. yr BP. The recorded humid phase persisted up to ca. 4200 cal yr BP since when a lake-level decreasing trend started and continued until the present day (Candona angulata, Cyprideis torosa and Darvinula stevensoni associations). The frequency of changes in the relative abundance of the main species shows centennial variations (i.e. C. angulata, C. torosa and Darvinula stevensoni). As historical evidences yield that human interventions to control the lake level remained unsuccessful in the past, Lake Trasimeno records an almost pristine climatic signal during most of the Holocene, which is quite unusual in the highly populated Mediterranean area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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10. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Tavanicythere Bossio, 1980 (Ostracoda, Leptocytheridae)
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BOSSIO A., TASSONE L., GLIOZZI, Elsa, Bossio, A., Gliozzi, Elsa, and Tassone, L.
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Late Miocene ,Tuscany ,Ostracoda - Abstract
The genus Tavanicythere was established in 1980 by Bossio on the basis of several valves recovered in the Lower Messinian brackish deposits of the Radicondoli area (Volterra Basin, Tuscany, central Italy). Three species were included in this genus: Tavanicythere lepida Bossio (the type species), Tavanicythere etrusca Bossio and Tavanicythere pulchra Bossio. Since then, many other specimens referable to Tavanicythere have been collected from several Neogene Tuscany basins (Volterra, Valdelsa, Cinigiano-Baccinello), but no specific identifications were carried out and they were generally reported in literature as Tavanicythere sp. In this paper we have revised all the collected material. Up to 15 different new taxa have been recognised, even if only 11 are formally established herein as new species, due, in some cases, to the scarcity of valves: Tavanicythere varieornata nov. sp., Tavanicythere persculpta nov. sp., Tavanicythere posteroalata nov. sp. Tavanicythere sulcata nov. sp., Tavanicythere magna nov. sp., Tavanicythere nodosa nov. sp., Tavanicythere armata nov. sp., Tavanicythere ioachinoi nov. sp., Tavanicythere julianii nov. sp., Tavanicythere parva nov. sp. and Tavanicythere irregularis nov. sp. Only few species of Tavanicythere appear to be distributed in different basins, the majority being confined to one basin only. This could be due to particular brackish environmental conditions that triggered basin endemisms. The recovery of new Tavanicythere species lead to enlarge the stratigraphical distribution of this genus, prior limited to the Early Messinian, to the time interval Late Tortonian-Messinian. Tavanicythere seems to be widespread only in the Mediterranean basin and, in particular, in Italy (Tuscany). At present, outside of Italy it has been collected only from the Late Messinian brackish deposits of the Sorbas basin (SE Spain).
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- 2004
11. A Plio-Pleistocene Caspiocypris species flock (Candoninae, Ostracoda) from the Palaeolake Tiberino (Umbria, central Italy).
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Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Medici, Maria Chiara
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PLEISTOCENE Epoch , *CANDONIDAE , *FOSSIL ostracoda , *GELASIAN Stage , *QUATERNARY Period - Abstract
The Tiberino Basin is a wide Plio-Pleistocene intermountain basin located in central Apennine (central Italy). Its sedimentary infill is made of a thick succession of Pliocene-early Quaternary continental deposits, the oldest of which can be referred to the Fosso Bianco Formation, composed of grey clays deposited in a huge (at least 500 km²) and relatively deep (not less than 50 m) lake, the Palaeolake Tiberino. We analyse the lacustrine ostracod assemblages from the Fosso Bianco Formation and provide descriptions of five new species included in the subfamily Candoninae (Caspiocypris basilicii sp. nov., Caspiocypris perusia sp. nov., Caspiocypris posteroacuta sp. nov., Caspiocypris tiberina sp. nov. and Caspiocypris tuderis sp. nov.)) and one new species included in the subfamily Limnocytherinae (Paralimnocythere umbra sp. nov.)). The five species of Caspiocypris seem to represent a species flock, i.e. Caspiocypris includes a group of closely related species characterized by monophyly, endemism and speciosity, confirming the 'ancient lake' nature of the Palaeolake Tiberino during the Piacenzian-Gelasian. The ostracod assemblage points to a relatively deep-water and low energy lacustrine environment marked by a high level of endemism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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12. Ecology and distribution of living ostracod assemblages in a shallow endorheic lake: The example of Lake Trasimeno (Umbria, central Italy).
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MARCHEGIANO, Marta, GLIOZZI, Elsa, CESCHIN, Simona, MAZZINI, Ilaria, ADATTE, Thierry, MAZZA, Roberto, GLIOZZI, Stefano, and ARIZTEGUI, Daniel
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OSTRACODA ,ENDORHEIC lakes ,LAKES - Abstract
Ostracod assemblages from Lake Trasimeno (Umbria, central Italy), the largest endorheic lake in Italy, were investigated relating their species distribution and ecology to modern physical, chemical and biological parameters. Nineteen living species were collected in the lake (Darwinula stevensoni, Candona (Candona) candida, Candona (Neglecandona) angulata, Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis, Pseudocandona marchica, Cypria ophtalmica, Ilyocypris gibba, I. salebrosa, I. getica, Cypridopsis vidua, Eucypris virens, Trajancypris clavata, Herpetocypris helenae, Heterocypris salina, H. incongruens, Isocypris beauchampi, Cyprideis torosa, Limnocythere inopinata, and L. stationis). All the identified species belong to the fresh-water Italian ostracod fauna but Cyprideis torosa is documented in an oligohaline athalassic lacustrine environment in Italy for the first time. The occurrence of Ilyocypris salebrosa represents the southernmost record in Italy and the westernmost in Eurasia. The recovery of Limnocythere stationis represents the westernmost record in Eurasia. The distribution of the different ostracods recovered in Lake Trasimeno is linked to the dominant physical and chemical parameters for each ecological niche. Physical and chemical data along with substratum type, grain-size and presence of aquatic macrophytes have been related to different ostracods using a multivariate analyses approach (NMDS, CCA, Spearman's rank correlation test). These results allow to differentiate several ecological niches within the lake and indicate that the main parameters affecting the ostracod assemblages are the aquatic macrophyte coverage, the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and, to a lesser extent, temperature and type of substrate. Cyprideis torosa and Candona (Neglecandona) angulata have been recovered both in the distal part of the lake and in the lakeshore area. In both cases they are associated with scarce or absent aquatic macrophytes and low amounts of TOC. The alternate dominance of these two species in the distal deeper assemblages seems to be mainly linked with the bottom oxygen availability, being C.(N.) angulata dominant in the most oxygen-depleted sediments and C. torosa dominant in higher oxygen conditions. Along the lakeshore area they are often discovered together with other prevailing species, such as Cypridopsis vidua that is common in very shallow to shallow (20-140 cm) sites with high TOC content, abundant macrophytes and algae, and Limnocythere inopinata, which dominates slightly deeper areas (around 150-210 cm) where the previous species are almost absent. The Spearman's rank correlation test showed significant positive correlation between some ostracods and macrophyte species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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13. Late Piacenzian–Gelasian freshwater ostracods (Crustacea) from the L'Aquila Basin (central Apennines, Italy).
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Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, Cosentino, Domenico, and Nocentini, Marco
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OSTRACODA , *CRUSTACEAN classification , *PLIOCENE Epoch , *PLEISTOCENE paleoecology - Abstract
Freshwater ostracod assemblages from San Demetrio Synthem (L'Aquila Basin, central Apennines, Italy), dating back to the late Piacenzian–Gelasian, are studied. Six genera and eight species are recognised, six of which are new:Caspiocypris amiterniSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov.,C. bosiiSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov.,C. nicandroiSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov.,C. vestinaeSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov.,Cypria bikeratiaSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., andIlyocypris ilaeSpadi & Gliozzi sp. nov. Additionally, one fragmentary valve referred toParalimnocytherecf.P. dictyonalisMedici, Ceci & Gliozzi, 2011, one valve ascribed toAmnicythereex gr.stanchevaeKrstić, 1975, one fragment tentatively identified asLimnocythere? sp. and four poorly preserved valves of Cypridoidea indet. were also recovered. The genusCaspiocyprisis revised, and an emended diagnosis is provided. Comparisons are made with the most similar co-generic species occurring in the Neogene of Italy and the Paratethyan domain. The ostracod fauna of the San Demetrio Synthem shows the greatest affinity at the generic level with the Pontian (Messinian–Zanclean) ostracods of the Pannonic, Dacic and Euxinic Basins. To explain this affinity, two hypotheses are discussed: (1) passive dispersal of Paratethyan forms into the Italian Plio–Pleistocene palaeolakes; and (2) endemic evolution of several species in different Plio–Pleistocene palaeolakes from the Paratethyan-like late Messinian Lago-Mare ostracod fauna of the Palaeomediterranean area. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:881D73C7-E62E-460A-A465-363DAE20A8D5 [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
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14. Holocene evolution of Lake Shkodra: Multidisciplinary evidence for diachronic landscape change in northern Albania.
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Mazzini, Ilaria, Gliozzi, Elsa, Galaty, Michael, Bejko, Lorenc, Sadori, Laura, Soulié-Märsche, Ingeborg, Koçi, Rexhep, Van Welden, Aurelien, and Bushati, Salvatore
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HOLOCENE Epoch , *LANDSCAPE changes , *GROUNDWATER , *GLOBAL environmental change , *ECOLOGY ,LAKE Scutari (Albania & Montenegro) - Abstract
A multidisciplinary micro-paleontological study of a sediment core (SK19) drilled in the coastal area of Lake Shkodra, northern Albania, integrated with archaeological data from the Projekti Arkeologjikë i Shkodrës (PASH), provides compelling evidence for a long-term relationship between Shkodra's natural environment and its inhabitants. Charophyte and ostracod data recovered from SK19 combined with those already studied from the distal core SK13 (Mazzini et al., 2015), reveal important information concerning the changing characteristics of the water body through time. In particular, the ostracod fauna display a truly Balkanic character with eight taxa endemic to the area. Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the two cores indicates that a wide marshland extended towards the present eastern coast of the lake, fed discontinuously both by surface- and ground-water, beginning sometime before 12,140 cal yrs BP. For about 7000 years ostracods do not record any significant changes, whereas the Characeae record in the proximal zone displays important variations. Those variations do not match any of the climatic oscillations revealed in previous studies by δ 18 O or pollen data, thereby implicating human activities. Ostracods and charophytes indicate that permanent shallow waters occurred in the Shkodra basin only around 5800 cal yrs BP. Historical sources of the Roman Empire indicate a swamp (the Palus labeatis ), crossed by the River Morača, which flowed into the River Buna. Evidence for local fires, whether natural or anthropogenic, is recorded in SK13, scattered between 4400 and 1200 yrs BP. From 4400 to 2000 yrs BP, during the Bronze and Iron Age, hill forts ringed the marsh and burial mounds marked its edges. But around 2000 cal yrs BP, a dramatic change in the water body occurred: the disappearance of Characeae. Possibly fires were used for the elimination of natural vegetation and the subsequent cultivation of olive and walnut trees, causing an increase on organic matter input into the lake and thus, resulting on the disappearance of the Characeae due to higher turbidity in lake waters. This change occurred shortly after the arrival of the Romans. At 1200 cal yrs BP the marshland evolved into the large shallow lake we know today. This change is marked in the ostracod assemblages of both cores and agrees with trends in aquatic and riparian plants and may have allowed or encouraged exponential population growth beginning in the early-middle Medieval period and peaking in the late Medieval, as indicated in PASH settlement data. The use of different but complementary methods, drawn from palaeontology and archaeology, allowed reconstruction of Shkodra's past landscapes, linking the natural evolution of a Mediterranean lacustrine basin to regional population and settlement dynamics. This is the first research project to explore the relationship between natural and cultural landscapes and environmental change in northern Albania, forming the basis for further, more detailed studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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15. The Ilyocypris puzzle: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of phenotypic variability.
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Mazzini, Ilaria, Gliozzi, Elsa, Rossetti, Giampaolo, and Pieri, Valentina
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OSTRACODA , *FOSSILS , *SPECIES , *PHENOTYPES , *TAXONOMY - Abstract
Ilyocypris Brady and Norman () is a widespread freshwater ostracod genus including about 30 living and 190 fossil species. The specific identification of the living Ilyocypris relies mainly on the appendages. An identification exclusively based on valves is rather complicated because of a high intraspecific variability of their characters in several species. This study aims to test the taxonomic significance of the valves characters through the examination of specimens unambiguously identified on the basis of their soft part morphology, in order to provide useful taxonomic criteria for the identification of Ilyocypris shells in fossil assemblages. Sixty-five ilyocypridid specimens collected in mainland Italy and surrounding islands were analyzed. The patterns of valve surface ornamentation and of marginal ripplets were examined by electron microscopy. Moreover, the geometric morphometric analysis of the valve outlines was performed. Sixty-two specimens could be easily accommodated in eight Ilyocypris species ( I. bradyi, I. decipiens, I. getica, I. gibba, I. hartmanni, I. inermis, I. monstrifica, and I. salebrosa) according to the morphology of their appendages. Three additional specimens, with soft parts typical of Ilyocypris but clearly distinct valve morphology, were left in open nomenclature. Our results show that the outline analysis is often a valid tool to discriminate between different species. Conversely, valve ornamentation displays different degrees of intraspecific variability in some Ilyocypris species. The marginal ripplets are constant within each species population, but they do not always mirror the patterns reported by other authors; therefore, we do not consider them as reliable diagnostic character for specific determination. This study confirms that the identification of Ilyocypris species requires accurate description of appendages as well as external and internal carapace characteristics, and stresses the advantage of a combined neontological and paleontological investigation in solving taxonomic problems related to non-marine ostracods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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16. Ostracod communities associated to aquatic macrophytes in an urban park in Rome, Italy.
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Mazzini, Ilaria, Ceschin, Simona, Abati, Silverio, Gliozzi, Elsa, Piccari, Fabrizio, and Rossi, Alma
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OSTRACODA ,MACROPHYTES ,URBAN parks ,SPECIES - Abstract
The relationship between ostracod and macrophyte communities has been seldom studied, especially in urban parks. The main purpose of this research is to explore such a relationship in the area of Rome (Italy), and in particular in the Appia Antica Regional Park, to provide information about the environmental characteristics influencing both the assemblages and to document for the first time the distribution of freshwater ostracods in an area inside the city of Rome. The survey has considered different water bodies: springs, channels, ditches, and a pond. Chemical and physical parameters were measured seasonally in conjunction with the ostracod sampling in 13 sites. The ostracod assemblage includes 11 species whereas the macrophyte community is formed by 17 species. Their link with the measured abiotic parameters has been studied through statistical analyses. The results clearly separate the investigated area in one sector where COD and phosphates are the driving factors and another sector where inorganic nitron ions, pH, and conductivity are the main influencing factors. Although the macrophyte community is clearly affected by human pressure, the relationship with the ostracod assemblages seems well established and identified by exclusive pairs or groups of species. Among them, the Cypria lacustris- Lemna minuta duo is of considerable importance, being L. minuta an exotic species, known as an invasive weed in some areas of Europe and spread in Italy only recently. The fact that the 13 sites were characterized by different public access regulation has been partially mirrored by both ostracod and macrophyte distribution since the majority of the sites characterized by the highest diversity are those with restricted access. In general, notwithstanding the anthropic pressure, the occurrence of different kinds of water bodies has allowed the development of ostracod and macrophyte associations, which are rarely represented in an urban park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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17. The genus Cyprideis Jones, 1857 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the Neogene of Italy: A geometric morphometric approach.
- Author
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Ligios, Silvia and Gliozzi, Elsa
- Subjects
CYPRIDIDAE ,OSTRACODA ,NEOGENE Period ,GEOMETRIC approach ,MORPHOMETRICS - Abstract
Copyright of Revue de Micropaleontologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Late Miocene marine ostracods from Santa Maria island, Azores (NE Atlantic): Systematics, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography.
- Author
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Meireles, Ricardo Piazza, Faranda, Costanza, Gliozzi, Elsa, Pimentel, Adriano, Zanon, Vittorio, and Ávila, Sérgio P.
- Subjects
FOSSIL ostracoda ,PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY ,MIOCENE Epoch ,ANIMAL classification ,PALEOECOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Revue de Micropaleontologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Late Miocene marine ostracodes from the Azores, North Atlantic.
- Author
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MEIRELES, Ricardo P., GLIOZZI, Elsa, FARANDA, Costanza, FRIAS MARTINS, António, and ÁVILA, Sérgio
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- *
OSTRACODA , *MARINE animals - Abstract
An abstract of the article "Late Miocene marine ostracodes from the Azores, North Atlantic," by Ricardo P. Meireles and colleagues is presented.
- Published
- 2011
20. Late Miocene ostracod assemblages from eastern Mediterranean coral reef complexes (central Crete, Greece).
- Author
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Faranda, Costanza, Cipollari, Paola, Cosentino, Domenico, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Pipponzi, Giorgio
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OSTRACODA ,CORAL reefs & islands ,MIOCENE stratigraphic geology ,MARINE ecology - Abstract
Copyright of Revue de Micropaleontologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Paratethyan Ostracod immigrants in Italy during the Late Miocene
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Gliozzi, Elsa, Ceci, Maria Elena, Grossi, Francesco, and Ligios, Silvia
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- *
OSTRACODA , *CRUSTACEA , *PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY , *MIOCENE paleoecology , *MIOCENE stratigraphic geology , *SALINITY - Abstract
Abstract: In this paper the ostracod assemblages recovered from several brackish Late Miocene Italian deposits have been analysed from a palaeobiogeographical perspective. During late Tortonian-early Messinian it is possible to recognize in Italy rich ostracod assemblages characterized by a wide contingent of taxa with central European or Mediterranean affinity, while only few brackish and freshwater ostracods show Paratethyan affinity. The recognized composition of the ostracod assemblages matches the palaeogeographic setting of the palaeo-Mediterranean/Paratethys at that moment. In fact during late Tortonian-early Messinian the palaeo-Mediterranean and Paratethysian domains were divided and, even if the connection via the present Marmara Sea-Strimon Basin was still open, the different salinity between them represented an ecological barrier, preventing faunal exchanges. Since normal aquatic migration was impossible, it must be assumed that the Paratethyan-like taxa entered the palaeo-Mediterranean area via passive dispersal by aquatic birds. On the contrary, the ostracod assemblages from the Italian Lago-Mare deposits show the absolute predominance of Paratethyan taxa, which, according to the known palaeogeographic setting during the late Messinian Lago-Mare event, could actively migrate from the Paratethys domain, colonizing the palaeo-Mediterranean, whose endemic fauna was severely impoverished by the Messinian salinity crisis and the following water dilution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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22. The late Messinian Lago-Mare episode in the Mediterranean Basin: Preliminary report on the occurrence of Paratethyan ostracod fauna from central Crete (Greece)
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Cosentino, Domenico, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Pipponzi, Giorgio
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- *
OSTRACODA , *CRUSTACEA , *GYPSUM , *PLIOCENE paleoecology , *PLIOCENE stratigraphic geology , *ISLANDS - Abstract
Abstract: In the Crete Island, late Messinian Lago-Mare facies are not well known. At present, the occurrence in Crete of the uppermost Messinian post evaporitic deposits is a matter of debate. According to several authors, the well-known late Messinian Lago-Mare facies does not occur in Crete. In this paper the preliminary results obtained from the biostratigraphical analysis of some sections sampled in the Messarà Plain will be shown. Nearby Faneromeni and Ano Akria villages, the Miocene/Pliocene boundary is well exposed. There, gypsum-bearing clay, laminated microcrystalline gypsum and gypsum-rudites characterize the evaporitic deposits of the Messinian stage. In these areas, above the Messinian evaporite, post-evaporitic fine-laminated polychrome clays, with intercalations of sandstones and conglomerates, have been found. In both the Faneromeni and Ano Akria area, the Pliocene grey clays and conglomerates rest unconformably on the uppermost Messinian post-evaporitic deposits. A 20cm-spaced sampling has been performed in both the sections, for more than 100 samples collected. The results of the micropaleontological analysis performed on the Faneromeni and Ano Akria sections point to the occurrence of ostracod assemblages containing: Loxocauda limata (Schneider in Agalarova et al.), Loxocauda sp., Cytherura pyrama Schneider, Cyprideis anlavauxensis Carbonnel, Cyprideis agrigentina Decima, Amnicythere palimpsesta (Livental), Amnicythere propinqua (Livental), Amnicythere accicularia (Olteanu), Amnicythere costata (Olteanu), Amnicythere multituberculata (Livental), Amnicythere sp. D (Miculan in Bassetti et al.), Amnicythere sp. 2 Gliozzi and Grossi, Amnicythere sp., Euxinocythere (Maeotocythere) praebaquana (Livental in Agalarova et al.), Mediocytherideini indet., Pontoniella pontica (Agalarova), Camptocypria sp. 1 Gliozzi and Grossi, Caspiocypris sp., Zalanyiella venusta (Zalanyi), Tyrrhenocythere sp., Loxoconcha rhombovalis Pokorny, Loxoconcha eichwaldi Livental, Loxoconcha sp. A (Miculan in Bassetti et al.), Loxocorniculina djafarovi (Schneider in Suzin). In the analysed samples, reworked planktonic foraminifers and well-preserved charophyte gyrogonites have been also found. The ostracod assemblages found in the Messarà Plain belong to the Loxocorniculina djafarovi Zone (sensu Carbonnel, 1978), which characterizes the uppermost Messinian deposits of the whole Mediterranean Basin. At that time, the well-known Lago-Mare biofacies was also widespread on the Crete Island. The presence of Paratethyan ostracods in the post-evaporitic Messinian deposits of both Faneromeni and Ano Akria sections suggests that in the Crete Island the latest Messinian sedimentation took place in brackish water palaeoenvironments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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23. The genus Cyprideis JONES, 1857 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the Neogene of Italy: a geometric morphometric approach.
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LIGIOS, Silvia and GLIOZZI, Elsa
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- *
NEOGENE Period , *OSTRACODA - Abstract
An abstract of the article "The genus Cyprideis JONES, 1857 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the Neogene of Italy: a geometric morphometric approach," by Silvia Ligios and Elsa Gliozzi is presented.
- Published
- 2011
24. Ostracoda as proxies for paleoenvironmental changes.
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Gliozzi, Elsa, Pugliese, Nevio, and Zarikian, Carlos Alvarez
- Subjects
- *
OSTRACODA , *PALEOCLIMATOLOGY , *CLIMATE change , *CRUSTACEA , *BIVALVES - Published
- 2015
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25. Arid and humid phases in central Italy during the Late Pleistocene revealed by the Lake Trasimeno ostracod record.
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Marchegiano, Marta, Francke, Alexander, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Ariztegui, Daniel
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- *
OSTRACODA , *PLEISTOCENE Epoch , *HUMIDITY , *SEDIMENTS - Abstract
A multiproxy approach in a sediment core from Lake Trasimeno has been used to reconstruct the climate history of central Italy during the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene period (ca. 47,000–9,000 cal yr B.P.). Ostracod assemblages and sedimentological data (lithology and carbonate content) have been used to infer past hydrological changes in the area. Ostracods were analyzed throughout the core using diversity indexes and multivariate statistic analyses (Cluster and PCA). Three main associations linked to lake level and salinity variations were recognized: 1) the C. torosa association, indicating permanent lacustrine conditions with high lake levels and low salinities; 2) the S. aculeata association, linked to very shallow/temporary waters with higher salinity conditions; and 3) the S. aculeata - E. mareotica association pointing to temporary water conditions and the highest salinities. Furthermore, the presence of C. fuscata and L. blankenbergensis during wide parts of the Late Pleistocene indicates temperatures lower than present days. Alternations of these three ostracod associations compares well with the oxygen isotope curve from Greenland (NGRIP) and are thus interpreted as climatically driven. At the Holocene transition (Termination 1), the ostracod associations indicate a delay in the increasing warming and humidity with respect to the NGRIP temperature record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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26. Paratethyan ostracods in the Spanish Lago-Mare: More evidence for interbasinal exchange at high Mediterranean sea level.
- Author
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Stoica, Marius, Krijgsman, Wout, Fortuin, Anne, and Gliozzi, Elsa
- Subjects
- *
OSTRACODA , *SEA level , *PLIOCENE Epoch , *PALEOGEOGRAPHY , *GEOLOGICAL basins - Abstract
A gigantic cascade of Atlantic waters, filling the deep desiccated Mediterranean basin at the beginning of the Pliocene, has commonly been envisaged to end the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). The Mediterranean lowstand during its final “Lago-Mare” phase, however, has long been subject to major controversy and has recently been seriously questioned again. Here, we present high-resolution ostracod distribution patterns of the MSC successions in the Black Sea basin (Zheleznyi Rog section; Russia) and the Mediterranean (Cuevas del Almanzora section; Spain) to study the origin and migration history of the Lago-Mare ostracods. We conclude that two major phases of faunal migration have taken place in the Messinian. The first phase corresponds to the Maeotian–Pontian boundary interval (~ 6.1–6.0 Ma) of the Paratethys, where mainly Pannonian species suddenly invaded the Black Sea region. The second migration event corresponds to the Lago-Mare phase of the Mediterranean when first (5.55–5.47 Ma) some opportunistic taxa (species of Cyprideis and Loxoconcha genera) and then (5.40–5.33 Ma) a more diverse assemblage of Paratethyan species occupied the entire Mediterranean region. The Spanish ostracod assemblages show a high percentage of Paratethyan (Pontian) ostracods, in agreement with previously studied Italian Lago-Mare sections. The similar palaeoenvironmental changes that developed roughly synchronously in the western and central Mediterranean marginal basins provide more evidence for intrabasinal exchange at high water level during the final stage of the Lago-Mare phase. This indicates that the Mediterranean in the latest Messinian was full of water (comparable to the present Caspian Sea) and that the Zanclean deluge, if happened, only surged some tens, up to few hundred metres, into the Mediterranean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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27. From Naples 1963 to Rome 2013 — A brief review of how the International Research Group on Ostracoda (IRGO) developed as a social communication system.
- Author
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Danielopol, Dan L., Baltanás, Angel, Carbonel, Pierre, Colin, Jean-Paul, Crasquin, Sylvie, Decrouy, Laurent, De Deckker, Patrick, Gliozzi, Elsa, Groos-Uffenorde, Helga, Horne, David J., Iepure, Sanda, Keyser, Dietmar, Kornicker, Louis S., Lord, Alan, Martens, Koen, Matzke-Karasz, Renate, Giles Miller, C., Oertli, Henri J., Pugliese, Nevio, and Russo, Antonio
- Subjects
- *
CONFERENCES & conventions , *OSTRACODA , *PALEOZOIC Era , *ENVIRONMENTAL research , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
The 1st International Symposium on Ostracoda (ISO) was held in Naples (1963). The philosophy behind this symposium and the logical outcome of what is now known as the International Research Group on Ostracoda (IRGO) are here reviewed, namely ostracodology over the last 50 years is sociologically analysed. Three different and important historic moments for the scientific achievements of this domain are recognised. The first one, between about 1963 and 1983, is related to applied research for the oil industry as well as to the great interest in the better description of the marine environment by both zoologists and palaeontologists. Another important aspect during this period was the work by researchers dealing with Palaeozoic ostracods, who had their own discussion group, IRGPO. Gradually, the merger of this latter group with those dealing with post-Palaeozoic ostracods at various meetings improved the communication between the two groups of specialists. A second period was approximately delineated between 1983 and 2003. During this time-slice, more emphasis was addressed to environmental research with topics such as the study of global events and long-term climate change. Ostracodologists profited also from the research “politics” within national and international programmes. Large international research teams emerged using new research methods. During the third period (2003–2013), communication and collaborative research reached a global dimension. Amongst the topics of research we cite the reconstruction of palaeoclimate using transfer functions, the building of large datasets of ostracod distributions for regional and intercontinental studies, and the implementation of actions that should lead to taxonomic harmonisation. Projects within which molecular biological techniques are routinely used, combined with sophisticated morphological information, expanded now in their importance. The documentation of the ostracod description improved through new techniques to visualise morphological details, which stimulated also communication between ostracodologists. Efforts of making available ostracod information through newsletters and electronic media are evoked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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28. Ostracoda and Mollusca biodiversity and hydrochemical features in Late Miocene brackish basins of Italy
- Author
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Ligios, Silvia, Anadón, Pere, Castorina, Francesca, D’Amico, Carmine, Esu, Daniela, Gliozzi, Elsa, Gramigna, Pierparide, Mola, Marco, and Monegato, Giovanni
- Subjects
- *
OSTRACODA , *MOLLUSKS , *BIODIVERSITY , *WATER chemistry , *MIOCENE Epoch , *GEOLOGICAL basins , *ANALYTICAL geochemistry - Abstract
Abstract: Late Miocene brackish ostracods and molluscs collected in three Italian basins show noticeable differences in their taxonomic composition, despite their capability of dispersing across wide geographic areas. In the Venetian-Friulian Basin (northern Italy), the upper Tortonian sediments contain oligotypic ostracod assemblages including Hemicyprideis dacica dacica, Hemicytheria pejinovicensis, and Loxoconcha cf. L. josephi and few gastropods referable to Planorbidae and Stenothyroides, which are typical of the central Paratethys. In central Italy, the brackish ostracods and molluscs recovered from upper Tortonian-lower Messinian deposits from four Tuscan basins (Volterra-Radicondoli, Velona, Baccinello-Cinigiano, and Valdelsa) display high affinity at a generic level but strong endemicity at a specific level. At Cessaniti (southern Italy), the upper Tortonian unit contains oligotypic brackish ostracods and molluscs: Mediocytherideis (Sylvestra) posterobursa, Cyprideis ruggierii, Loxoconcha cf. L. biformata, and Zonocypris membranae quadricella characterise the ostracod fauna, while Granulolabium bicinctum and Hydrobia frauenfeldi are the dominant molluscs. The recovered ostracods have a strong affinity with brackish species from central and eastern Palaeo-Mediterranean areas, whereas the molluscs present a Paratethyan origin. Despite the fact that the basins are all brackish and partly coeval, the systematics of these assemblages highlights the absence of common species among the three studied areas. Geochemical analyses (stable isotopes and trace elements) are performed on ostracods, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios are established in molluscs and echinoids. The results suggest brackish environments with different compositions and origins of solutes in the three different areas. The Tuscan basins are characterised by brackish waters, with NaCl-enriched waters coming from aquifers of Triassic evaporite bedrock. The brackish deposits of the Venetian-Friulian Basin and Cessaniti are true marginal marine environments, although the northern basin may have been influenced by both the Paratethyan Sava Basin and the northern portion of the Palaeo-Mediterranean water bodies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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29. Holocene evolution of Lake Shkodra: Multidisciplinary evidence for diachronic landscape change in northern Albania
- Author
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Lorenc Bejko, Aurelien van Welden, Salvatore Bushati, Ingeborg Soulié-Märsche, Rexhep Koçi, Laura Sadori, Elsa Gliozzi, Ilaria Mazzini, Michael L. Galaty, Mazzini, Ilaria, Gliozzi, Elsa, Michael, Galaty, Lorenc, Bejko, Sadori, Laura, Ingeborg, Soulie-Marsche, Rexhep, Koçi, Aurelien Van Welden, and Salvatore, Bushati
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,human impact ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Environmental change ,characeae ,Population ,Ostracoda, Characeae, Archaeology, Human impact, Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction ,archeology (arts and humanities) ,ecology evolution behavior and systematics ,01 natural sciences ,Swamp ,Natural (archaeology) ,Ostracod ,ostracoda ,archaeology ,palaeoenvironmental reconstruction ,geology ,global and planetary change ,education ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Holocene ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Riparian zone ,Global and Planetary Change ,education.field_of_study ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Geology ,biology.organism_classification ,Oceanography - Abstract
A multidisciplinary micro-paleontological study of a sediment core (SK19) drilled in the coastal area of Lake Shkodra, northern Albania, integrated with archaeological data from the Projekti Arkeologjike i Shkodres (PASH), provides compelling evidence for a long-term relationship between Shkodra's natural environment and its inhabitants. Charophyte and ostracod data recovered from SK19 combined with those already studied from the distal core SK13 (Mazzini et al., 2015), reveal important information concerning the changing characteristics of the water body through time. In particular, the ostracod fauna display a truly Balkanic character with eight taxa endemic to the area. Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the two cores indicates that a wide marshland extended towards the present eastern coast of the lake, fed discontinuously both by surface- and ground-water, beginning sometime before 12,140 cal yrs BP. For about 7000 years ostracods do not record any significant changes, whereas the Characeae record in the proximal zone displays important variations. Those variations do not match any of the climatic oscillations revealed in previous studies by δ 18 O or pollen data, thereby implicating human activities. Ostracods and charophytes indicate that permanent shallow waters occurred in the Shkodra basin only around 5800 cal yrs BP. Historical sources of the Roman Empire indicate a swamp (the Palus labeatis ), crossed by the River Moraca, which flowed into the River Buna. Evidence for local fires, whether natural or anthropogenic, is recorded in SK13, scattered between 4400 and 1200 yrs BP. From 4400 to 2000 yrs BP, during the Bronze and Iron Age, hill forts ringed the marsh and burial mounds marked its edges. But around 2000 cal yrs BP, a dramatic change in the water body occurred: the disappearance of Characeae. Possibly fires were used for the elimination of natural vegetation and the subsequent cultivation of olive and walnut trees, causing an increase on organic matter input into the lake and thus, resulting on the disappearance of the Characeae due to higher turbidity in lake waters. This change occurred shortly after the arrival of the Romans. At 1200 cal yrs BP the marshland evolved into the large shallow lake we know today. This change is marked in the ostracod assemblages of both cores and agrees with trends in aquatic and riparian plants and may have allowed or encouraged exponential population growth beginning in the early-middle Medieval period and peaking in the late Medieval, as indicated in PASH settlement data. The use of different but complementary methods, drawn from palaeontology and archaeology, allowed reconstruction of Shkodra's past landscapes, linking the natural evolution of a Mediterranean lacustrine basin to regional population and settlement dynamics. This is the first research project to explore the relationship between natural and cultural landscapes and environmental change in northern Albania, forming the basis for further, more detailed studies.
- Published
- 2016
30. Late Piacenzian–Gelasian freshwater ostracods (Crustacea) from the L'Aquila Basin (central Apennines, Italy)
- Author
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Marco Spadi, Domenico Cosentino, Elsa Gliozzi, Marco Nocentini, Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, Cosentino, Domenico, and Nocentini, Marco
- Subjects
L'Aquila Basin ,010506 paleontology ,Piacenzian ,Ostracoda ,Limnocythere ,Structural basin ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Neogene ,01 natural sciences ,taxonomy ,Palaeobiogeography ,Piacenzian–Gelasian ,Paleontology ,Genus ,Ostracod ,Taxonomy ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Italy ,biology ,Ostracoda, taxonomy, Piacenzian Gelasian, L’Aquila Basin, Italy, palaeobiogeography ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,L’Aquila Basin ,palaeobiogeography ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Piacenzian-Gelasian - Abstract
Freshwater ostracod assemblages from San Demetrio Synthem (L’Aquila Basin, central Apennines, Italy), dating back to the late PiacenzianGelasian, are studied. Six genera and eight species are recognised, six of which are new: Caspiocypris amiterni Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., C. bosii Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., C. nicandroi Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., C. vestinae Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., Cypria bikeratia Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov., and Ilyocypris ilae Spadi & Gliozzi sp. nov. Additionally, one fragmentary valve referred to Paralimnocythere cf. P. dictyonalis Medici, Ceci & Gliozzi, 2011, one valve ascribed to Amnicythere ex gr. stanchevae Krstic, 1975, one fragment tentatively identified as Limnocythere? sp. and four poorly preserved valves of Cypridoidea indet. were also recovered. The genus Caspiocypris is revised, and an emended diagnosis is provided. Comparisons are made with the most similar co-generic species occurring in the Neogeneof Italy and the Paratethyan domain. The ostracod fauna of the San Demetrio Synthem shows the greatest affinity at the generic level with the Pontian (MessinianZanclean) ostracods of the Pannonic, Dacic and Euxinic Basins. To explain thisaffinity, two hypotheses are discussed: (1) passive dispersal of Paratethyan forms into the Italian PlioPleistocene palaeolakes; and (2) endemic evolution of several species in different PlioPleistocene palaeolakes from the Paratethyan likelate Messinian Lago-Mare ostracod fauna of the Palaeomediterranean area.
- Published
- 2015
31. A Plio–Pleistocene Caspiocypris species flock (Candoninae, Ostracoda) from the Palaeolake Tiberino (Umbria, central Italy)
- Author
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Marco Spadi, Elsa Gliozzi, Maria Chiara Medici, Spadi, Marco, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Medici, MARIA CHIARA
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,endemic evolution ,Ancient lake ,Tiberino Basin ,Ostracoda ,Paleontology ,Plio-Pleistocene ,Biology ,ancient lake ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Monophyly ,taxonomy ,Italy ,Ostracod ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Sedimentary rock ,Quaternary ,Endemism ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The Tiberino Basin is a wide Plio–Pleistocene intermountain basin located in central Apennine (central Italy). Its sedimentary infill is made of a thick succession of Pliocene–early Quaternary continental deposits, the oldest of which can be referred to the Fosso Bianco Formation, composed of grey clays deposited in a huge (at least 500 km2) and relatively deep (not less than 50 m) lake, the Palaeolake Tiberino. We analyse the lacustrine ostracod assemblages from the Fosso Bianco Formation and provide descriptions of five new species included in the subfamily Candoninae (Caspiocypris basilicii sp. nov., Caspiocypris perusia sp. nov., Caspiocypris posteroacuta sp. nov., Caspiocypris tiberina sp. nov. and Caspiocypris tuderis sp. nov.)) and one new species included in the subfamily Limnocytherinae (Paralimnocythere umbra sp. nov.)). The five species of Caspiocypris seem to represent a species flock, i.e. Caspiocypris includes a group of closely related species characterized by monophyly, endemism and speciosity, confirming the ‘ancient lake’ nature of the Palaeolake Tiberino during the Piacenzian–Gelasian. The ostracod assemblage points to a relatively deep-water and low energy lacustrine environment marked by a high level of endemism.
- Published
- 2017
32. Is the occurrence of a sigmoidal ventral border in Cyprideis torosa (Jones) valves linked to salinity? A morphometrical analysis approach
- Author
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S. Da Prato, Francesco Grossi, Elsa Gliozzi, Grossi, Francesco, Prato, S. Da, and Gliozzi, Elsa
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Salt pan ,010506 paleontology ,hyperhaline environment ,Marsh ,oligohaline environment ,Ostracoda ,Cyprideis torosa ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Cyprideis ,oligohaline environments ,geometric-morphometric analysis ,ecophenotypic morphotypes ,Turning point ,ecophenotypic morphotype ,hyperhaline environments ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Cypridei ,Paleontology ,Euryhaline ,geometric-morphometric analysi ,Salinity ,Morphometric analysis ,Italy - Abstract
The living euryhaline species Cyprideis torosa (Jones) undergoes morphometric variations in size, noding and sieve-pore shape linked to environmental parameters. In particular it is known that salinity values around 8–9‰ represent the osmoregulation threshold and the turning point between smaller and greater valves and prevailingly noded as opposed to un-noded valves. Here, a character never studied before is analysed: the relationship between salinity and the C. torosa valve outlines, especially the morphology of the ventral border. Geometric–morphometric analysis was carried out on different populations of C. torosa collected in oligohaline (Massaciuccoli marsh, Tuscany, and Lake Trasimeno, Umbria) and hyperhaline waterbodies (Trapani–Paceco salt pans, Sicily). The results indicate that the species displays two morphotypes: a dominant one, characterized by a straight ventral border; and a morphotype with a sigmoidal profile ventral border. This latter morphotype seems to be related to higher salinity: the oligohaline waters are characterized only by C. torosa individuals with straight ventral outline, while the hyperhaline environments are marked by the occurrence of 17.6% of sigmoidal individuals. Furthermore, the sigmoidal ventral border is more emphasized in males than in females.
- Published
- 2017
33. The genus Cyprideis Jones, 1857 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the Neogene of Italy: A geometric morphometric approach
- Author
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S. Ligios, Elsa Gliozzi, Ligios, S, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Ligios, Silvia
- Subjects
Morphometrics ,Geometric morphometry ,Ostracod ,biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ostracoda ,Cypridei ,Paleontology ,biology.organism_classification ,Neogene ,Crustacean ,Italy ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Phyletic gradualism ,Geometric morphometric ,Taxonomy ,media_common - Abstract
As a result of the use of geometric morphometrics, multivariate statistics and classical morphological observations the authors propose a taxonomic revision of the Neogene Italian Cyprideis species. On this basis, the Cyprideis valves collected in Tortonian, Messinian and Pliocene brackish deposits of Italy are referred to 12 species, six of which are new: Cyprideis alexandri nov. sp., Cyprideis arvedoi nov. sp., Cyprideis lepianensis nov. sp., Cyprideis rooki nov. sp., Cyprideis strollae nov. sp., and Cyprideis toscana nov. sp. Some species are rather widespread in the Italian Peninsula (Cyprideis ruggierii Decima and Cyprideis crotonensis Decima) or even in the whole Palaeomediterranean (Cyprideis agrigentina Decima and Cyprideis anlavauxensis Carbonnel). For C. ruggierii, C. agrigentina and C. crotonensis, a phyletic relation is suggested. The new species are confined both geographically and stratigraphically in several Tuscan athalassic brackish basins, suggesting endemic speciation similar to those occurring in ancient lakes.
- Published
- 2012
34. Late Miocene Marine Ostracods from Santa Maria Island, Azores (NE Atlantic): Palaeoecology and Palaeobiogeography
- Author
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Vittorio Zanon, Ricardo Piazza Meireles, Adriano Pimentel, Costanza Faranda, Elsa Gliozzi, Sérgio P. Ávila, MEIRELES R., P, Faranda, C, Gliozzi, Elsa, Pimentel, A, Zanon, V, and Ávila, S. P.
- Subjects
Systematics ,Shore ,Late Miocene ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Outcrop ,Ostracoda ,Paleontology ,Miocene ,Oceanography ,Habitat ,Genus ,Archipelago ,Paleoecology ,Azore ,Azores Archipelago ,Geology - Abstract
The nine oceanic islands that comprise the Azores archipelago are located in the middle of the northern Atlantic Ocean. In this isolated archipelago, there is a rich fossil record in one of the islands, Santa Maria. In this island, samples were collected in the Upper Miocene composite section of Malbusca outcrop, located in the southern shore of the island, and the fossil marine Ostracoda were studied. This work represents the first report of fossil ostracods from the Azores archipelago. Thirteen species were found, representing seven families and 12 genera (Xestoleberis, Loxoconcha, Callistocythere, Leptocythere, Dameriacella, Aurila, Heliocythere, Pachycaudites, Neonesidea, Cyamocytheridea, ?Quadracythere and Paracypris). Among the identified species, one new species, Leptocythere azorica n. sp., is described. Loxoconcha (two species) was the most diversified genus. The collected species are mainly ornamented and typical of warm waters and epi-neritic habitats (∼10–50 m of depth). © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2011
35. The late Messinian Lago-Mare biofacies in central Apennines: The ostracod perspective
- Author
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Gliozzi, E., Grossi, F., Cosentino, D., Annalisa Iadanza, Gliozzi, Elsa, Grossi, Francesco, Cosentino, Domenico, and Iadanza, Annalisa
- Subjects
Ostracoda ,central Apennines ,Messinian Salinity Crisi ,Lago Mare biofacie - Abstract
""The different phases of colonization of the Palaeo-. Mediterranean by the Paratethyan ostracods during the Lago-. Mare event of the Messinian Salinity Crisis, as recognized in the. whole Palaeo-Mediterranean area, are investigated in the central. Apennines. The studied localities showed the record of the first. colonization (5.59-5.40 Ma) by Loxoconcha mülleri and. Tyrrhenocythere sp. in the Majella Mt. area (Colle di Votta and. Decontra sections) and the arrival of the huge Paratethyan. contingent (5.40-5.33 Ma) made by several species of. Candoninae, Leptocytheridae and Loxoconchidae (among which. Loxocorniculina djafarovi, fig. 1) in the deposits of Latium (Cura. di Vetralla and Mondragone) and Abruzzi (Le Vicenne and. Majella Mt.). The latest phase of the Lago-Mare event (5.35-5.33. Ma) is documented in the Cura di Vetralla, Le Vicenne, Fonte dei. Pulcini and Decontra sections by the presence of Amnicythere. costata, A. litica, A. subcaspia, Pontoniella verrucosa,. Loxoconcha kochi and Tyrrhenocythere ruggierii.""
36. Paratethyan ostracod immigrants mark the biostratigraphy of the Messinian Salinity crisis
- Author
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Grossi, F., Gliozzi, E., Domenico Cosentino, Grossi, F, Gliozzi, Elsa, and Cosentino, Domenico
- Subjects
Ostracoda ,Messinian Salinity Crisi ,Biostratigraphy
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