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Up to now, separating Pb-Sb alloy obtained from jamesonite by conventional pyrometallurgy processes has many drawbacks such as long technological process, high energy consumption, and unsatisfactory separation efficiency. Thinking about the facts that antimony is used mainly in the form of Sb 2 O 3 , and separation of Sb 2 O 3 with good volatility from the lead melt is very easy under vacuum, vacuum dynamic oxidation process, a new and effective process for separating lead and antimony from Pb-Sb alloy, was developed in this work. Experimental results revealed that the content of antimony in Pb-Sb alloy decreased from 42% to 0.30%, that the removal percent of antimony reached 99.59%, and that the PbO content in the distillate was 0.12% under melt temperature of 953 K, vacuum treatment time of 210 min, and air flow rate of 3 L/min, corresponding to the system pressure of 14 kPa. This study is of significance for separating Pb-Sb alloy obtained from jamesonite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidation behaviors of Fe 78 B 13 Si 9 − x P x ( x = 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7) amorphous ribbons were investigated and a refreshing method by annealing in reductive atmosphere were successfully developed by considering the changes of magnetic properties and P content. It is found that the amorphous ribbons with high P content are prone to be oxidized at the beginning of a traditional annealing process. When the annealing process was under reductive atmosphere, however, not only the oxidation can be avoided but also the oxidized ribbon can be refreshed. It is found that, although the color is changed, the amorphous structure for both the oxidized and refreshed ribbons is not changed with the annealing conditions. The refreshing can recover the excellent soft magnetic properties of the alloys with P content lower than 5 at.%. The magnetization process characterized by magnetic domains has revealed the effect of refreshing ability to the oxidized ribbon. It is further confirmed that the refreshing mechanism of the oxidized layer is the valence state change of iron ions from high to low through the seriously oxidized Fe 78 Si 2 B 13 P 7 amorphous ribbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional detinning process of lead bullion usually includes the following problems: the oxidizing refining process takes a long time to finish the oxidation of tin and products mass slag, while the basic refining process consumes large reagent, and the labor condition is poor. Therefore, a novel technique with oxygen controlled under vacuum condition for removing tin in crude lead was investigated, which shows characters such as, low-energy consumption, less metal wastage and environmental friendly. During this process, tin was removed from lead bullion by converting to tin oxide and concentrating in the dross. The experimental results showed that the residual Sn-concentration in detinned lead was about 2 ppm corresponding to the lead loss ratio about 2–3 wt% under the following experimental conditions: temperature of 750 °C, oxidation time of 80 min, agitation speed of 100 rpm and air flow rate of 60 mL/min corresponding to the residual gas pressure of 57 KPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of P on the glass forming ability, soft magnetic properties and oxidation behavior of Fe 78 B 13 Si 9- x P x ( x = 0–7) amorphous alloys were investigated. It is found that the proper introduction of P, can effectively improve the glass forming ability and stability of supercooled liquid region. Fe 78 Si 4 B 13 P 5 BMG, which exhibits high saturation flux density of 1.56 T, was readily made into rod sample with a diameter of 1.5 mm under air casting atmosphere. P bearing alloys also exhibit excellent soft magnetic properties containing low coercivity of 1.7–2.7 A/m, and high effective permeability of 8200–12,200. Slight oxidation can further improve the coercivity to a lower value of 1.1 A/m and the higher effective permeability to 11,900 for the alloys with P content no more than 3 at. %. Excessive addition of P may deteriorate the glass forming ability, soft magnetic properties and oxidation behavior. Magnetic domain revealing the magnetization process of the amorphous ribbons were characterized to explain the effect of P on magnetic properties and oxidation behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]