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There has been a global expansion of solar electricity during the past decades. Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation is not only simple but also environmentally benign and cost-effective. This is the most affordable and suitable power source for rural areas. The PV power output is unavoidably suppressed when there is partial shade. There were numerous maximum power point tracking (MPPT), arrays, and reconfiguration approaches that were available earlier. The authors have previously described an L-shaped propagating array arrangement. The L-shaped configuration creates the PV rows based on the chess game coin. The knight coin of this game will move in the shape of “L,” which inspired new array configurations. This work discusses the hybridization of the L-shaped configuration with the conventional array configurations. The proposed hybrid L-shaped configuration has been developed in MATLAB/Simulink, where the conventional configuration and the hybrid configurations are validated under different test conditions. The test conditions are created based on the all possible real-word shading patterns. The power generation, mismatch losses, and characteristic curves were attained for each method, and this work presents all these validations with the inferences. In addition, the justification for the suitable array configuration with.

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are susceptible to power loss caused by environmental factors such as partial shading and temperature changes. To address this issue, PV modules are connected in array configurations. However, these configurations can lead to mismatch losses between the PV rows, which reduce power output. While there are many solutions to mitigate these losses, the performance of each solution can vary depending on the environmental conditions and the array configuration logic. This research paper evaluates the performance of fifteen existing static PV array configuration techniques under various shading patterns. We analyze the mathematical formulation and logic used behind each configuration, as well as the shade dispersion rate, power generation, power losses, advantages, and disadvantages. Our analysis includes a MATLAB/SimulinkⓇ model of a $5\times 5$ array for each configuration under different shading patterns. The performance of consistent and best configurations is also evaluated in a real-time environment. The results categorize each configuration as consistent, best, average, or poor. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the different PV array configurations and their performance, which can help in selecting the optimal configuration for specific environmental conditions.

Partial shading is an unavoidable factor that reduces the performance of solar PV systems. The PV system receives uneven irradiation due to partial shading which causes the mismatch loss. The partial shading distracts the irradiation from the PV modules that makes the healthy modules as idle or low performing modules. The mismatch loss can be mitigated by uniformly distributing the partial shading over the PV array. In this work, L-shaped propagated array configuration method with a new dynamic reconfiguration algorithm have proposed for enhancing the energy conversion under the partial shading conditions. A new kind of array configuration is implemented in a $4\times 4$ PV array for the better shade dispersion. Further, a dynamic reconfiguration algorithm is employed to disperse the effect of partial shading. The combination of new array configuration and reconfiguration method is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink® and implemented in hardware. The outputs are measured under all possible shading patterns and validated with the outputs of convention methods for observing the enhanced energy conversion rate of the proposed system.

Partial shading causes mismatch losses in the solar PV system. In the PV array, the power output from the healthy PV modules is gone in vain due to the mismatch losses. The PV array construction with the high resistivity to the mismatch loss generation is the progressing research work in the research field. In this work, a new kind of array configuration scheme is framed for the PV system for overcoming the effect of partial shading. The proposed array configuration has a high resistivity to the mismatch loss generation over the other conventional array configuration methods. The array configuration is framed in a pattern that is similar to the spiral step pattern. Each row of the PV array is constructed with the PV modules from each row of the conventional Total Cross Tied configuration with the optimized distance. This row construction allows the system to uniformly disperses the partial shading over the PV array. The simulation analysis is carried out by applying various shading patterns in MATLAB/SimulinkⓇ. The performance of the proposed array configuration is also analyzed in the experimental setup and the results were presented.

Solar photovoltaic system is one of the growing renewable energy sources in the energy market. The performance of the PV system is mainly affected by the partial shading which is inevitable. It creates mismatch losses between the PV rows that reduce the power generation. Many research works proposed solutions like Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and static & dynamic reconfiguration methods. These methods can enhance the power conversion rate of the PV system. However, this power conversion rate can be enhanced by the proposed mismatch loss mitigation algorithm. A current compensation converter has been developed to operate the PV system with even current generating rows. The PV row currents have been measured by using the current sensor and fed to the controller. The controller performs the algorithm and generates the triggering signals to the DIDO converter and it operates the PV rows with even current generation. The performance of the proposed system has been simulated under five kinds of shading patterns using the MATLAB/Simulink® and the corresponding PV curves were plotted. This work is also validated using the 200Watts PV system, which is constructed with the four polycrystalline PV modules as a 2 × 2 PV array. The performance of the proposed system with the corresponding results and waveforms are presented in this work. • A current compensation converter has been developed to operate the PV system with even current generating rows. • The performance of the proposed system has been simulated under six kinds of shading patterns. • The experimental hardware setup of the proposed configurations has been developed and investigated. • Various performance parameters have been considered to assess the excellency of the proposed concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]