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High energy photon colliders (γγ,γe) are based on e-e-linear colliders where high energy photons are produced using Compton scattering of laser light on high energy electrons just before the interaction point. This paper is a part of the Technical Design Report of the linear collider TESLA.1Physics program, possible parameters and some technical aspects of the photon collider at TESLA are discussed.

New, radiatively generated, next-to-leading (NLO) quark $(u,d,s,c,b)$ and gluon densities in a real, unpolarized photon are presented. We perform three global fits, based on the NLO Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution equations for ${Q}^{2}g1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}}^{2}$, to all the available structure-function ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}(x,{Q}^{2})$ data. As in our previous LO analysis we utilize two theoretical approaches. Two models, denoted as ${\mathrm{F}\mathrm{F}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{J}\mathrm{K}}1$ and ${\mathrm{F}\mathrm{F}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{S}}_{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{J}\mathrm{K}}2$ NLO, adopt the so-called fixed flavor-number scheme for calculation of the heavy-quark contributions to ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}(x,{Q}^{2})$; the Cornet-Jankowski-Krawczyk NLO model applies the $\mathrm{A}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{T}(\ensuremath{\chi})$ scheme. We examine the results of our fits by a comparison with the LEP data for the ${Q}^{2}$ dependence of the ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, averaged over various $x$ regions, and the ${F}_{2,c}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$. Grid parametrizations of the parton densities for all fits are provided.

A new analysis of the radiatively generated, LO quark (u,d,s,c,b) and gluon densities in the real, unpolarized photon, improved in respect to our paper [1], is presented. We perform four new global fits to the experimental data for F2^gamma, two using a standard FFNS approach and two based on ACOT(chi) scheme [2], leading to the FFNS(CJK) and CJK models. We also present the analysis of the uncertainties of the new CJK 2 parton distributions due to the experimental errors, the very first such analysis performed for the photon. This analysis is based on the Hessian method, for a comparison for chosen cross-sections we use also the Lagrange method., Comment: Prepared for Photon 2003: International Conference on the Structure and Interactions of the Photon (Including the 15th International Workshop on Photon-Photon Collisions), Frascati (Italy), 7-11 April 2003; 10 pages, Latex using espcrc2 style, 1 tex and 5 postscript figures; FORTRAN programs available at http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~pjank/param.html

New, radiatively generated, LO quark (u,d,s,c,b) and gluon densities in a real, unpolarized photon are presented. We perform a global 3-parameter fit, based on LO DGLAP evolution equations, to all available data for the structure function F2^gamma(x,Q^2). We adopt a new theoretical approach called ACOT(chi), originally introduced for the proton, to deal with the heavy-quark thresholds. This defines our basic model (CJKL model), which gives a very good description of the experimental data on F2^gamma(x,Q^2), for both Q^2 and x dependences. For comparison we perform a standard fit using the Fixed Flavour-Number Scheme (FFNS_CJKL model), updated with respect to the previous fits of this type. We show the superiority of the CJKL fit over the FFNS_CJKL one and other LO fits to the F2^gamma(x,Q^2) data. The CJKL model gives also the best description of the LEP data on the Q^2 dependence of the F2^gamma, averaged over various x-regions, and the F_2,c^gamma, which were not used directly in the fit. Finally, a simple analytic parametrization of the resulting parton densities obtained with the CJKL model is given., Comment: 43 pages, RevTeX4 using axodraw style, 3 tex and 12 postscript figures, version submitted to Phys. Rev. D, small text changes, one reference added, FORTRAN program available at http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~pjank/param.html and at http://www-zeuthen.desy.de/~alorca/id4.html

A high energy linear e^+e^- collider (LC) can also be used as a Photon Collider (PC), using Compton scattering of laser photons on the e^+/e^- beams. The leading order cross-section for the production of heavy quarks, e^+e^- -> e^+e^- Q(\bar{Q}) X, at high transverse momenta is calculated for both LC and PC modes. The sensitivity of this process to the parton distribution parametrizations of real photons, especially the gluon content, is tested for both modes., 8 pages, Latex using epsfig.sty, including 6 postscript figures. Contribution to Proceedings of the Workshop "Physics Studies for a Future Linear Collider", Rolf Heuer, Francois Richard and Peter Zerwas Eds., 2000, DESY 123F

Radiatively generated, LO quark (u,d,s,c,b) and gluon densities in the real, unpolarized photon, calculated in the CJK model being an improved realization of the CJKL approach, have been recently presented. The results were obtained through a global fit to the experimental F2^gamma data. In this paper we present, obtained for the very first time in the photon case, an estimate of the uncertainties of the CJK parton distributions due to the experimental errors. The analysis is based on the Hessian method which was recently applied in the proton parton structure analysis. Sets of test parametrizations are given for the CJK model. They allow for calculation of its best fit parton distributions along with F2^gamma and for computation of uncertainties of any physical value depending on the real photon parton densities. We test the applicability of the approach by comparing uncertainties of example cross-sections calculated in the Hessian and Lagrange methods. Moreover, we present a detailed analysis of the chi^2 of the CJK fit and its relation to the data. We show that large chi^2/DOF of the fit is due to only a few of the experimental measurements. By excluding them chi^2/DOF approx 1 can be obtained., 28 pages, 8 eps figures, 2 Latex figures; FORTRAN programs available at http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~pjank/param.html; table 10, figure 10 and section 6 corrected