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Emissions produced by the fuel combustion in marine engines are one of major causes of the marine environment pollution and have negative impact on both human health and the environment. That impact is more pronounced for vessels which mostly operate near ports and inhabited areas, such as ro-ro passenger ships. In order to evaluate the environmental impact of a ship, a life cycle assessment of a ro-ro passenger vessel operating in the Adriatic Sea has been performed. Two different power system designs were investigated, i.e. lithium-ion battery-driven vessel and diesel engine-driven vessel. The analyses were performed by means of general LCA software GREET 2018, where the life cycle for both power system designs is divided in two stages: constitutive parts of the first stage are processes from life cycle of fuel without its use in vessel, while vessel operation represents the second stage. The analysis showed that diesel engine-driven vessel emits 79.740 kg CO2-eq/nm, versus battery-driven vessel with 27.471 kg CO2-eq/nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) introduced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2011 had an admirable intent to improve energy efficiency for ships through a set of technical performance standards. Nowadays, after several revisions regarding the EEDI calculation, it is still not clear whether this intent is (or will be) fulfilled. Segments of shipping particularly sensitive to these issues are passenger and ro-ro passenger ships since many of them are promoted by their shipowners as eco-friendly with the aim of attracting more tourists. This is particularly true for ships with integrated power system (IPS). However, the fact is that it is not possible to discuss energy efficiency improvements without a valid methodology to evaluate it. Current methodology to calculate EEDI is not applicable to ships with IPS since it observes only one operating point and only a part of the ship power system. This paper introduces a new methodology to evaluate energy efficiency of ro-ro passenger ships with IPS, based on a holistic approach, evaluates it for the current fleet of ro-ro passenger ships and proposes options to further improve it for new ships. Highlights • New methodology to evaluate energy efficiency for ro-ro passenger ships with integrated power systems. • Analysis of the energy efficiency of the current ro-ro passenger ships fleet. • Options to further improve energy efficiency of ro-ro passenger ships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emissions produced by fuel oil combustion in marine engines contribute to marine environment pollution and have a negative impact on both human health and the environment. This impact is more pronounced for ships which mostly operate near ports and inhabited areas, such as ro-ro passenger ships. The relevant legislation prescribes a reduction of carbon dioxide on account of its contribution to the problem of global warming. This paper deals with the assessment of the carbon footprint of the Croatian ro-ro passenger fleet in the Adriatic Sea and the corresponding measures to reduce it. This paper analyses a total of 27 ferry lines along the Croatian coast that produce around 29,000 tons of carbon dioxide annually. The analysis distinguishes two lines, Valbiska-Lopar and Vis-Split, with a significantly higher relative contribution to total emissions. The potential to introduce measures to reduce the carbon footprint on these lines is discussed. By implementing these measures, the carbon footprint of the Valbiska-Lopar line can be reduced by almost 40%, while that of the Vis-Split line can be lowered by around 27%. • Importance of preserving marine environment in Croatia highlighted. • Carbon footprint analysis implemented on ro-ro passenger fleet in the Adriatic Sea. • 27 ferry lines produce in total around 29,000 tons of CO 2 annually. • Lines with significantly higher specific contribution to total emissions identified. • Recommendations to improve energy efficiency on selected routes proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]