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Your search keyword '"Cornacchia, L."' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Cornacchia, L." Topic patient compliance
2 results on '"Cornacchia, L."'

1. Factors Affecting Adherence, Intake, and Perceived Palatability of Oral Nutritional Supplements: A Literature Review

Author

Lester, S., Kleijn, M., Cornacchia, L., Hewson, L., Taylor, M. A., and Fisk, Ian

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietary Supplements, Malnutrition, Administration, Oral, Humans, Nutritional Status, Patient Compliance, Medicine (miscellaneous), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aged, Diet
Abstract

Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are a clinically effective and relatively inexpensive way to supplement the diet of patients with, or at risk of, undernutrition. Good adherence is a primary determinant of the effectiveness of ONS. However adherence can be problematic for those with the greatest clinical need, such as undernourished older adults. This review aimed to appraise the available literature for the factors (contextual, personal and product related) affecting patient adherence and perceived palatability of ONS, identify areas requiring improvement and uncover gaps in the evidence to guide the focus of future research. Contextual factors identified were healthcare staff and the timing of administration. Personal factors included sensory changes and motivation which alter experience of and desire to consume ONS. The product’s sensory characteristics determined palatability and intake, but undesirable attributes, such as off-flavours, can stem from nutritional ingredients. The contribution made by aroma to older adults’ experience of ONS was a comparatively under-researched area. Further research should address this evidence gap to optimise the flavour, aroma profile and palatability for undernourished older consumers, thereby optimising intake. A combined multidisciplinary effort involving strategic expansion of research, industry development and clinical practice should simultaneously address the factors identified, to provide the best approach to improve adherence.

Published
2022

2. The relation between stimulated salivary flow and the temporal consumption experience of a liquid oral nutritional supplement.

Author

Lester, S., Hurst, K., Cornacchia, L., Kleijn, M., Ayed, C., Dinu, V., Taylor, M.A., Fisk, I., S, Lester, K, Hurst, L, Cornacchia, M, Kleijn, C, Ayed, V, Dinu, and I, Fisk

Subjects
*DIETARY supplements, *PATIENT compliance, *OLDER patients, *APPETITE, *ATMOSPHERIC pressure, *XEROSTOMIA, *LIQUIDS, *RESEARCH, *RESEARCH methodology, *HUNGER, *MEDICAL cooperation, *EVALUATION research, *COMPARATIVE studies, *MALNUTRITION, *RESEARCH funding, *MOUTH
Abstract

Use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in undernourished patients has proven clinical benefits, but this can be hampered by low adherence due to poor experience of palatability. Many patients, particularly older patients, experience hyposalivation which can cause taste changes and reduce the enjoyment of foods. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the temporal consumption experience (comprising sensory perception, in-mouth aroma release and subjective appetite) of a clinically relevant portion of ONS, for groups differing in saliva flow rates (SFR). The SFR (mL/min) of thirty healthy individuals was measured on three occasions. This data was used to categorise individuals into three groups using quartile analysis: low flow (LF) (0.3-0.6 mL/min, n = 5), medium flow (MF) (0.7-1.2 mL/min, n = 16) and high flow (HF) (1.3-1.8 mL/min, n = 9). Over the consumption of eight 15 mL sips of ONS, individuals rated their sensory perception and subjective appetite perception using line scales. Additionally, in-mouth aroma release was measured for each sip, using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). Compared with the MF and HF group, the LF group reported a significantly greater increase of mouth-drying over increased sips (p = 0.02). The LF group also experienced significantly higher aftertaste perception (p < 0.001), and more intense in-mouth aroma release (p = 0.015), compared with the HF group. These findings occurred concurrently with relatively lower hunger sensations in the LF and MF group. Many patients who are prescribed ONS likely experience reduced salivary flow rates. The unique sensory experiences of these individuals should be considered in order to optimise palatability and nutritional intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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