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In this paper, a bus priority signal control (BPSC) method based on delays of passengers and pedestrians at adjacent intersections, is proposed. The influences of BPSC on passenger and pedestrian delay at adjacent intersections under the condition of coordinated control of green waves are studied. The implementation of BPSC at intersections not only reduces the delay of bus passengers, social vehicle passengers and pedestrians, but also improves the traffic flow of priority buses and social vehicles at downstream intersections. This study takes the green phase extension as an example of the active BPSC strategy, and analyzes three cases of priority vehicles reaching downstream intersection. Firstly, passenger and pedestrian delays at adjacent intersections are calculated under different traffic situations. Secondly, models with the goal of maximizing the reduced total delays are established. Thirdly, three algorithms are used to solve the problem to obtain the optimal signal timing adjustment scheme at upstream intersections. Ultimately, the result shows that the BPSC can effectively reduce pedestrian delays at intersections, protect the rights and interests of pedestrians, reduce the delays of priority vehicles, and maximize the reduced total delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Properties of pedestrian may change along the moving path, for example, as a result of fatigue or injury, which has never been properly investigated in the past research. The paper attempts to study tactical overtaking in pedestrian flow. That is difficult to be modeled using a microscopic discrete model because of the complexity of the detailed overtaking behavior, and crossing/overlaps of pedestrian routes. Thus, a multi-velocity floor field cellular automaton model explaining the detailed psychical process of overtaking decision was proposed. Pedestrian can be either in normal state or in tactical overtaking state. Without tactical decision, pedestrians in normal state are driven by the floor field. Pedestrians make their tactical overtaking decisions by evaluating the walking environment around the overtaking route (the average velocity and density around the route, visual field of pedestrian) and obstructing conditions (the distance and velocity difference between the overtaking pedestrian and the obstructing pedestrian). The effects of tactical overtaking ratio, free velocity dispersion, and visual range on fundamental diagram, conflict density, and successful overtaking ratio were explored. Besides, the sensitivity analysis of the route factor relative intensity was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Designing and comparing three pedestrian crossing patterns for SI. • Considering both through and diagonal pedestrians' delay. • Integrating forty-eight delays models into three categories. Traffic engineers are making efforts to mitigate congestion and to improve efficiency at intersections. The symmetric intersection (SI) can increase the capacity of intersections and is economical, practical, efficient and convenient. The pedestrians' crossing patterns tailored for SI has not yet been studied. This paper not only develops three pedestrian crossing patterns but also analyzes crossing patterns from the aspects of efficiency and safety. For efficiency, delay models are proposed by considering through and diagonal pedestrian movements. For safety, exposure conflicts and the number of potential traffic accidents are analyzed. Then delay and potential accidents are converted into money value respectively and the total cost is calculated. The case study results show that SI performs better in terms of increasing capacity and decreasing pedestrian delay compared with conventional intersection. Crossing pattern 1 is efficient but unsafe while the total delay and safety cost of pattern 3 is usually the highest. The sensitivity analysis indicates that cycle length has a negative impact on average pedestrian cost and if critical flow ratio increases, the average pedestrian cost of pattern 1 and pattern 3 will increase and decrease respectively. Furthermore, the best pedestrian pattern choice under different values of cost per accident and cost of pedestrian delay is also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Properties of pedestrian may change along their moving path, for example, as a result of fatigue or injury, which has never been properly investigated in the past research. The paper attempts to study the speed matching effect (a pedestrian adjusts his velocity constantly to the average velocity of his neighbors) and its influence on the density–velocity relationship (a pedestrian adjust his velocity to the surrounding density), known as the fundamental diagram of the pedestrian flow. By the means of the cellular automaton, the simulation results fit well with the empirical data, indicating the great advance of the discrete model for pedestrian dynamics. The results suggest that the system velocity and flow rate increase obviously under a big noise, i.e., a diverse composition of pedestrian crowd, especially in the region of middle or high density. Because of the temporary effect, the speed matching has little influence on the fundamental diagram. Along the entire density, the relationship between the step length and the average pedestrian velocity is a piecewise function combined two linear functions. The number of conflicts reaches the maximum with the pedestrian density of 2.5 m − 2 , while decreases by 5.1% with the speed matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]