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Impact velocity (v0), target strength (fc) and target thickness (hc) are important factors affecting opening damage ( D ¯ ) of PELE penetration into RC target. In this paper, based on the three influence factors of v0, fc and hc, experimental and numerical simulation studies on PELE penetration into RC target were carried out. The study results show that: (1) Since interaction force (or penetration resistance) between projectile and target is positively correlated with v0 and fc, with the increase of v0 and fc, deformation mode of jacket is changed from small bending deformation to large bending deformation and then to curling deformation. Therefore, the variation of jacket deformation mode causes opening diameter of RC target to increase first and then to decrease. It is found that the two factors approximately satisfy a quadratic function relationship, respectively. (2) For PELE projectile penetrating RC targets with thickness of 80–400 mm, the opening diameter of six sets of RC targets grows from 240 to 500 mm, and hc with D ¯ approximately satisfy a linear relationship. (3) Based on the above study results, the relationship between two dimensionless parameters ( I = m v 0 2 d 1 3 f c and H = h c l ) and dimensionless opening diameter ( D ¯ / d 1 ) was determined. Combined with the results of previous research, a dimensionless opening diameter model D ¯ d 1 = f 1 ( Q , G , I ) f 2 ( H ) was established. By tests verified, the test results are all within ±10% error of the theoretical model, which verifies the accuracy of the model.