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The nuclear thickness gauging systems play an important role in the industry for invasive, online, and continuous measurements. The goal of the Beta thickness gauge is to obtain a precise measurement of thin films in which the performance of these gauging systems and output data quality are evaluated with the parameters including resolution, contrast, etc. The choice of the emitted suitable energy distribution of the Beta source is one of the effective factors in the system performance and precise measurement of thin films. In this research, a Beta thickness gauge with 147Pm and 85Kr sources was simulated and evaluated in biaxially oriented polypropylene sheet production lines in order to calculate the system performance due to Beta emitter sources with different energy distribution and select the suitable Beta emitter source. The relative error percentage, standard deviation, resolution, and contrast parameters for 147Pm energy distribution were calculated 1.413, 0.113, 0.007, and 0.008, respectively. Also, these parameters for 85Kr energy distribution were measured 2.750, 0.220, 0.014, and 0.001, respectively. The results reveal that the 147Pm energy distribution has superior in comparison with the 85Kr energy distribution for measuring of films or sheets with thin thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seafloor mapping is an important related to oceanic engineering. However, traditional side-scan, multibeam, and sub-bottom sonar systems generate acoustic images having insufficient resolution owing to their restricted array aperture. To overcome this limitation, synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) systems create a virtual aperture without any limitation. Hence, a SAS system can generate acoustic images having substantially increased resolution those generated using conventional mapping and imaging techniques. In this study, we propose a SAS imaging method that employs an analytical system function. The key steps involved in the presented method are bulk focusing and coordinate transformation. Because the two-dimensional raw signal is characterized using a large amount of data, the imaging algorithm involves extensive computations. To decrease this computational load, we optimize the presented algorithm using parallel algorithms including Intel® Math Kernel Library (Intel® MKL) and OpenMP. This optimization strategy effectively reduces the computation load involved in the presented algorithm compared to that involved in the benchmark method of back projection focusing. Furthermore, the presented method outperforms Zhang’s method. At the same time, the high-resolution multireceiver SAS reconstruction results are still produced by using given technology. Therefore, the presented method can be readily employed for seafloor mapping.

The spread of infrared thermography technology is partly due to the development and commercialisation of increasingly cheap and user-friendly infrared cameras and the minimal instrumentation required to use them. Even though infrared camera prices have dropped dramatically in recent years, getting the best value for money and choosing the right camera is a major challenge. Several parameters need to be considered before choosing an infrared camera, such as the temperature range, spectral range, thermal sensitivity, resolution, spatial resolution, accuracy, optics, and focus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of two infrared cameras, a high-end model and a mid-range model, in visual wood damage detection. The results show that, for qualitative purposes, thermal sensitivity and resolution are more crucial than accuracy. The results obtained are an important contribution to the decision-making process on which IR camera to buy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing popularity and adoption rate of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is evidenced by a growing number of new microscope installations around the world. The quality and reliability of the instruments improved dramatically in recent years, but site-specific issues or unnoticed problems during installation could undermine productivity. Newcomers to the field may also have limited experience and/or low confidence in the capabilities of the equipment or their own skills. Therefore, it is recommended to perform an initial test of the complete cryo-EM workflow with an 'easy' test sample, such as apoferritin, before starting work with real and challenging samples. Analogous test experiments are also recommended for the quantification of new data acquisition approaches or imaging hardware. Here, we present the results from our initial tests of a recently installed Krios G4 electron microscope equipped with two latest generation direct electron detector cameras—Gatan K3 and Falcon 4. Three beam-image shift–based data acquisition strategies were also tested. We detail the methodology and discuss the critical parameters and steps for performance testing. The two cameras performed equally, and the single- and multi-shot per-hole acquisition schemes produced comparable results. We also evaluated the effects of environmental factors and optical flaws on data quality. Our results reaffirmed the exceptional performance of the software aberration correction in Relion in dealing with severe coma aberration. We hope that this work will help cryo-EM teams in their testing and troubleshooting of hardware and data collection approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]