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The structural stability, electronic structure and optical property of the monolayers SiH, GaSe and InSe as well as constructed SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions are investigated based on first principles calculations. The band alignment and the charge transfer of SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions as well as their solar-to-hydrogen production efficiency during photocatalytic process for water splitting are analyzed systematically. The effect of applied electric field or biaxial strain taking on the electronic structure of heterojunctions is also included. The results indicated that the absorption range and intensity of SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions are significantly improved. Both SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions have the relatively higher light absorption coefficient in the visible and ultraviolet range. These light absorption capacities are conducive to improve the solar-to-hydrogen production efficiency. Compared with the monolayers SiH, GaSe and InSe, the SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions have the property of type-II band alignment. This band alignment is also in favor of improving the efficiency of photocatalytic activity. The band gap and band edge structure of SiH/GaSe and SiH/InSe heterojunctions can also be adjusted effectively by applied electric field or biaxial strain, which provides a method for improving the photocatalysis performance. • Solar-to-hydrogen production efficiency of SiH/InSe heterojunction can reach 10%. • Solar-to-hydrogen production efficiency of SiH/GaSe heterojunction can reach 13.1%. • Applied electric field can tune band gap and band edge structure of heterojunction. • Biaxial strain can also adjust the electronic structure of heterojunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Iodocuprate hybrids {[(4,4′-dtdpy) 2 Cu 2 I 2 ]·DMA} n (1) and [(2,2′-dtdpy)Cu 2 I 2 ] 2 (2) were prepared by reacting CuI and KI using 4,4′-dtdpy and 2,2′-dtdpy as SDAs, respectively, at room temperature. The reactions of CuI and KI with 2,2′-dtdpy in CH 3 OH and DMF solvents under solvothermal conditions produced polymeric iodocuprate hybrid [(mmtpy)(Cu 2 I 3)] n (3), and hexanuclear Cu(I) complex [Cu 6 (mtpy) 6 ] (4), respectively. Compounds 1 – 4 exhibit catalytically active in the photodegradation of MB with degradation ratios of 80.5%, 90.3%, 100%, and 84.6%, respectively. • Iodocuprates 1 – 3 and thiolate cluster 4 were prepared using dithiodipyridine as SDA. • 2,2′-dtdpy occurs S S bond cleavage during the solvothermal syntheses of 3 and 4. • 1 – 4 have photocurrent densities of 0.33, 0.69, 0.79 and 0.56 μA·cm−2, respectively. • 1 – 4 show photocatalytic degradation of MB with conversions of 80.5, 90.3, 100, and 84.6 %, respectively. Iodocuprate hybrids {[(4,4′-dtdpy) 2 Cu 2 I 2 ]·DMA} n (4,4′-dtdpy = 4,4′-dithiodipyridine; DMA = N, N -dimethylacetamide) (1) and [(2,2′-dtdpy)Cu 2 I 2 ] 2 (2,2′-dtdpy = 2,2′-dithiodipyridine) (2) were prepared by reacting CuI and KI using 4,4′-dtdpy and 2,2′-dtdpy as SDAs, respectively, at room temperature. The Cu 2 I 2 aggregates were joined by a μ-4,4′-dtdpy bridging ligand with N -donor atom, and by a 2,2′-dtdpy chelating ligand with N- and S-donor atoms to form a 1-D polymeric complex {[(4,4′-dtdpy) 2 Cu 2 I 2 ]·DMA} n and a tetranuclear complex [(2,2′-dtdpy)Cu 2 I 2 ] 2 , respectively. The reaction CuI, KI and 2,2′-dtdpy in CH 3 OH solvent under solvothermal conditions formed a polymeric iodocuprate hybrid [(mmtpy)(Cu 2 I 3)] n (mmtpy+ = 1-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyridinium) (3). 2,2′-dtdpy was converted in situ to the mmtpy+ cation via cleavage of the S S bond and methylation of the N and S atoms in the solvothermal reaction. In compound 3 , tetrahedral CuI 4 units are connected into a 1-D [Cu 2 I 3 ] n n− chain by edge- and face-sharing. In the same solvothermal reaction in DMF, the S S bond of 2,2′-dtdpy was cleaved to form a mtpy– anion. The mtpy– anion coordinated to Cu+ ions as a bidentate ligand with N and S-donor atoms to form a hexanuclear thiolate complex [Cu 6 (mtpy) 6 ] (Hmtpy = 2-mercaptopyridine) (4). A pseudohexagonal prismatic Cu 6 S 6 core is formed in 4. Compounds 1 – 4 showed strong photocurrent responses with steady current densities in the range of 0.33–0.79 μA·cm−2. Compounds 1 – 4 are catalytically active in the photodegradation of MB with degradation ratios of 80.5 %, 90.3 %, 100 %, and 84.6 %, respectively, after 120 min of light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to realize sustainable development and reduce environmental pollution, scientists have been on searching for bio-based materials derived from renewable resources to replace petroleum-based materials. Herein, a bio-based polyimide aerogel derived from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid was synthesized successfully via supercritical fluid drying. The bio-based polyimide aerogel had mesoporous structure and a large specific surface area (220 m2/g), which were highly advantageous to adsorption and photocatalysis. The bio-based polyimide aerogel possessed fast adsorption behavior (within 1 s), outstanding durability (200 cycles of adsorption and desorption), and a self-cleaning property. The bio-based polyimide aerogel could also realize continuous and rapid separation of organic solvent and water with the aid of a vacuum pump. Importantly, the bio-based polyimide aerogel exhibited superelastic (rapid recovery after 90% strain) and anti-fatigue performance (compressive strength remained 96% after 100 cycles). Moreover, the bio-based polyimide aerogel displayed effective photocatalytic activity under visible light. The possible degradation mechanism was also proposed, and radical quenching tests demonstrated that the generation of h+ and ·O 2 − was the key to photocatalytic degradation. Considering its environmental friendliness and excellent properties, bio-based polyimide aerogel provides a promising solution for oil/water separation and photocatalysis. [Display omitted] • Superelastic bio-based polyimide aerogel is first prepared. • Bio-based aerogel displayed effective photocatalytic activity under visible light. • The generation of h+ and ·O 2 − was the key to photocatalytic degradation. • Bio-based aerogel possessed fast adsorption behavior and a self-cleaning property. • Bio-based aerogel could realize continuous and rapid separation of oil and water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Au nanoparticles deposited α-Fe 2 O 3 (Au@α-Fe 2 O 3) particles with a well-defined structure were fabricated by the hydrothermal and the magnetron sputtering methods. After deposited 4.6% Au, Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 shows a new absorption peak at 550 nm in the UV–Vis spectrum, and its bandgap narrows from 2.20 to 1.93 eV. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity and electrochemical impedance of 4.6% Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 decrease significantly, while the photocurrent increases from 0.20 to 0.56 μA cm−2. Au nanoparticles extend the visible-light absorption performance and inhibit the recombination of electron-hole pairs of Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 particles. The photocatalytic property of Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 particles becomes more stable, and the photocatalytic efficiency of Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 particles is about 1 time higher than that of α-Fe 2 O 3 particles. • Au nanoparticles deposited α-Fe 2 O 3 (Au@α-Fe 2 O 3) particles with a well-defined structure were fabricated. • Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 shows a new absorption peak at 550 nm, and its bandgap was reduced to 1.93 eV. • Au@α-Fe 2 O 3 particles is more stable, and its photocatalytic efficiency is about 1 time higher than that of α-Fe 2 O 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Two novel chiral coordination frameworks, namely {[Cd(PycAla) 2 (H 2 O)]·4H 2 O} n (1) and [Co(PycAla) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n (2), have been successfully prepared via the chiral pyridine-4-carbonyl-(l -alanine) (HPycALa) ligand reacting with Cd(II) and Co(II) ions under hydrothermal conditions. Crystallographic analyses manifest that both frameworks are embedded by the multifarious helixes composed of PycAla− anions and metal ions. Complex 1 exhibits a porous 3D framework with a 4-connected (64.82) topology based on different left- and right-handed helical chains. Complex 2 shows a two-fold interpenetrated 2D network with a (4,4)-connected (44.62) topology based on the anti-parallel arranged right-handed helical chains. It is worth noting that both frameworks display high photocatalytic activities in the degradation process of methylene blue (MB). The fluorescence spectrum of 1 exhibits strong maximum emission at 446 nm. In addition, 1 has K sv value of 1977 M−1, which implies it can sense the Fe3+ ion. Graphical abstract Two novel chiral coordination frameworks built by a pyridine-based alanine derivative with semi-rigid and asymmetrical configuration display effective photocatalysis and selective luminescent sensing. Image 1 Highlights • Two chiral coordination polymers were synthesized from a semi-rigid and asymmetrical alanine derivative. • Two complexes show diverse homochiral 3D framework and 2D network, respectively. • The fluorescence spectrum of 3D framework exhibits strong emission peak at 446 nm. • The complexes display higher photocatalytic activities of decomposing MB in comparison to decomposing MO. • The 3D framework is able to efficiently sense Fe3+ ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Developing a way to prepare effective, durable and high-temperature stable anatase-based photocatalytic ceramic is of great significance. In this work, we report a crystallization method for the preparation of anatase-based glass-ceramic glaze. The raw materials were made into frit and glazed on ceramic bodies. The glazed ceramics were sintered at 1180 °C and soaked at 700 °C. The effect of soaking temperature on the crystallization process was investigated. The photocatalytic property of the glazed tiles was evaluated by degradation of methyl orange. Experimental results show that after sintering and soaking at 700 °C, nanosized anatase grains crystallize in glaze. The crystallization of anatase nanograins is attributed to the relatively high viscosity at crystallization temperature. HF etching makes more anatase grains exposed on the surface. The sample etched for 45 s shows the highest photocatalytic activity and the methyl orange is decomposed by about 90% after illumination for 35 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract A multifunctional 2D Co(II) metal–organic frameworks (NCST-1) with a sql topology was synthesized under hydrothermal condition. NCST-1 /GCE exhibits remarkable performance for H 2 O 2 reduction. Furthermore, NCST-1 can act as a luminescent sensor for Fe3+, Hg2+, and Ag+ in aqueous solution and serve as photocatalyst for the degradation of MB. Abstract A new multifunctional cobalt(II)-based metal–organic framework, [Co(DCTP)(L)(H 2 O) 2 ] n (NCST - 1 , NCST = North China University of Science and Technology), was synthesized by self-assembly of Co(OAc) 2 ·4H 2 O with 1,4-bis(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)-benzene (L) and 2,5-dichloroterephthalic acid (H 2 DCTP). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that NCST - 1 is a 2D (4,4) sheet, which is further expanded into a 3D supramolecular network by O H⋯O hydrogen bond interactions. A non-enzyme electro-catalytic sensor was developed for sensing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) based on the NCST - 1 , which was cast-coated on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The modified sensor exhibited a remarkable performance for H 2 O 2 reduction with an extended liner range (5 μM–7 mM, 7 mM–18 mM), a fast response time (3 s), a high sensitivity (52.55 μA mM−1 cm−2), and a low detection limit (6.86 μM) in alkaline solution. Furthermore, NCST - 1 , as a luminescent probe, displayed prominent multifunctional sensing property for Fe3+, Hg2+ as well Ag+ through fluorescence quenching effect. The emission intensity of NCST - 1 increases linearly with the increasing concentration of Fe3+ with a Stern–Volmer constant (K sv) of 1.12 × 104 M−1 and a detection limit (LOD) of 0.13 μM in aqueous solution. For mercury ion (II), K sv = 7.58 × 103 M−1 and LOD = 1.10 μM. For silver ion (I), K sv = 6.22 × 103 M−1 and LOD = 1.33 μM. Finally, the photocatalytic activities of NCST - 1 were evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO). The degradation efficiency for MB reached up to 91.3%, although NCST - 1 hardly showed degradation ability towards RhB and MO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Two Zn(II) coordination polymers (CPs), [Zn (L1) (DCTP)] n (1) and [Zn (L2) (DCTP)] n (2) [L1 = 1,3-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, H 2 DCTP = 2,5-dichloroterephthalic acid, L2 = 1,4-bis(benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene] were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analyses, fluorescence spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. CP 1 forms a 2D (4,4) layered structure, which is finally extended to a 3D supramolecular framework by the π-π stacking interactions. CP 2 possesses a 3D 3-fold interpenetrating dia network. Both CPs can be as highly selective probes for detection of Fe3+ in aqueous solutions based on luminescence quenching. Further, two compounds exhibit photocatalytic activities for degradation of the methylene blue under UV irradiation. Graphical abstract Two Zn(II)-based coordination polymers (CPs) have been synthesized. CP 1 exhibits 4-connected sql network with the point symbol {44.62} and extended into a 3D supramolecular framework by the π-π stacking interactions. CP 2 possesses a 3D 3-fold interpenetrating dia network. They display high photocatalytic capacities for degrading the methylene blue (MB) solution. Meanwhile, CP 1 and CP 2 show high selectivity for Fe3+ by fluorescence quenching. Image 1 Highlights • Two Zn(II)-based coordination polymers have been synthesized and characterized. • CP 1 displays a (4,4)-connected sql topological network. CP 2 possesses a 3D 3-fold interpenetrating dia network. • The complexes show high performance for photo degradation of MB. • CPs 1–2 shows high selectivity towards Fe3+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A well-aligned TiO 2 nanorod array film decorated with reduced graphene oxide(rGO/TNR) was constructed on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) via a one-pot hydrothermal route with the aim of improving the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performances. The optimal ratio of components was investigated by changing the GO content that was added to the TiO 2 precursor solution. The structure, morphology, composition, optical, photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical properties of the rGO/TNR films were investigated in detail. The resulting rGO/TNR films had a unique microstructure, apparent red shift of the absorption edge and low recombination rate of photoinduced charge carriers. For the degradation of methylene orange (MO) under UV light, the 5 wt%-rGO/TNR film exhibited the best photogradation efficiency of 95.8% in 120 min compared to bare TNR, which had a photogradation efficiency of 41.4%. Moreover, the 5 wt%-rGO/TNR film also showed the highest photocurrent of 110 μA/cm2, which was 6 times higher than that of bare TNR (16 μA/cm2). The excellent performance of the rGO/TNR film may be caused by the synergistic effect of the extended photoresponse range, high adsorption of target molecules and effective photogenerated electron-hole separation via rGO nanosheets as electron collectors and transporters. Highlights • A novel rGO/TNR film was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal route. • Light adsorption and separation of electron-hole pairs were enhanced in rGO/TNR. • 5 wt%-rGO/TNR exhibited the improved photocatalytic efficiency for MO. • 5 wt%-rGO/TNR showed the highest photocurrent of 110 μA/cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Organic hybrid iodoplumbates [H 2 tmdp][PbI 3 ] 2 ∙DMF (1), [H 2 tmdp] 2 Pb 7 I 18 (2), and [(H 2 tmdp) 4 (Hpyd) 2 (Me 2 NH 2)][Pb 6 I 22 ](I 3)·2H 2 O (3) have been prepared by the reaction of PbI 2 and HI using a diammonium [H 2 tmdp]2+ as structure-directing agent under different conditions. Highlights • New iodoplumbates 1 – 3 were prepared using a diammonium as SDA with different methods. • Novel 2D [Pb 7 I 18 4−] n and [Pb 6 I 22 10−] n iodoplumbates were obtained. • 2 and 3 show high photocatalytic activities in the degradation of MB. Abstract Organic-inorganic hybrid iodoplumbates [H 2 tmdp][PbI 3 ] 2 ∙DMF (1), [H 2 tmdp] 2 Pb 7 I 18 (2), and [(H 2 tmdp) 4 (Hpyd) 2 (Me 2 NH 2)][Pb 6 I 22 ](I 3)·2H 2 O (3) (tmdp = 4,4′-trimethylenedipiperidine, pyd = pyridine) were prepared using diammonium [H 2 tmdp]2+ as a structure directing agent under different conditions. The 1D [PbI 3 −] n polymeric anion in 1 is constructed by PbI 6 octahedral units via face-sharing, while the 2D [Pb 7 I 18 4−] n polymeric anion in 2 is composed of PbI 6 units via both corner- and edge-sharing. The interconnection of PbI 6 units via corner- and face-sharing generates a new iodoplumbate anion [Pb 6 I 22 10−] n in 3 , featuring a waved layer structure. Compounds 1 – 3 exhibit steep band gaps at 2.32, 2.23, and 2.14 eV, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 show photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation at room temperature. Compounds 1 – 3 are more effective in the photocatalytic degradation of MB than in the degradation of RhB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Zn 1-x-y Fe x Nd y O, x = 0.02 and y = 0.00–0.05 were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method at 200 °C. XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy indicated that (Fe, Nd) codoped ZnO, calcined at 700 °C, 3 h in air, contains hexagonal ZnO phase as main phase and traces of ZnFe 2 O 4 ; no phase containing neodymium was observed. In this study, a strong powder morphology dependence on Nd concentration and calcination temperature was evidenced by SEM. The photocatalytic properties were found to depend on the sample morphology and Nd content. Thermoluminescence signal is weak compared to the undoped ZnO and the curves shape was almost independent on the doping level and dependent on the calcination temperature and was related to the structural defects induced by the synthesis and calcination. Photoluminescence spectra showed that the green-yellow band due to the oxygen related defects, decreases by Fe and Nd-codoping. Thermo-magnetization curves measured in low applied fields and the magnetic hysteresis loops recorded in the temperature range 5–380 K, indicate two superimposed magnetic regimes, one predominant above 100 K the other below 100 K. The observed magnetic order is not directly related to the dopant Fe or Nd ions, but to different type of defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract A novel metal-organic framework formulated as [Mn(DMTDC)(DMF)] (1) was synthesized under solvothermal conditions by using a thiophene-functionalized dicarboxylate ligand, 3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3- b ]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (H 2 DMTDC), which displays a uninodal, 4-connected lvt net. After the removal of coordinated DMF, this framework displays permanent porosity and excellent photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) dye degradation in aqueous solution under UV light. Graphical abstract A new metal-organic framework has been synthesized by using a bithiophene-functionalized dicarboxylate ligand, which displays permanent porosity and excellent photocatalytic activity to degrade methylene blue dye. Unlabelled Image Highlights • A MOF with a lvt net has been constructed by using a thiophene-functionalized dicarboxylate ligand. • After removing the coordinated DMF, the framework shows permanent porosity. • The desolvated framework displays excellent photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of TiO 2 pillared sericite nanocomposites were prepared by the sol-gel method followed by thermal treatment. Two factors, namely sericite dosage, and calcination temperature were researched to see their effects on the structure and properties of TiO 2 pillared sericite nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms were used to analyze the changes of crystal phase, grain size and pore structure information of the generated TiO 2 nanoparticles in the composite. Among all the samples, the TiO 2 pillared sericite composite calcined at 800 °C has the best photocatalytic properties. Trapping experiment proved that the main active species are ·O 2 −, h+ and ·OH in order of participation during the photodegradation of methyl orange by the prepared composite. Sericite has a synergistic role in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 pillared sericite nanocomposite. Good photocatalytic activity, together with its availability and good recyclability, makes sericite a promising substrate in the field of photocatalysis. • TiO 2 pillared sericite is first time prepared by sol-gel method. • Acetone is chosen as one of the solvents instead of ethanol during the reaction. • The final product has better photocatalytic properties than similar products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using ginkgo leaves (GL) as template and Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O as Zn source, a series of ZnO samples with special morphology were prepared via a template-assisted two-steps method without adding any other additives. The degradation of the dye MB was used to evaluate the photocatalytic property of the as-prepared samples. The results showed that when a proper amount of the template was used, a 3D nanoarchitectural ZnO hollow sphere with porous sphere shell assembled by well-distributed nanoparticles was obtained and its photocatalytic activity was much higher than that of ZnO nanoparticles. The special morphology of the sample was herein considered to be very helpful for highly efficient adsorption and activation of reactant molecules by multi-times adsorption-desorption-adsorption, efficient absorption of irradiation light by repeated absorption-reflection-absorption, and efficient separation of the photogenerated e􀀀-h+ pairs. In addition, the formation of 3D structure of sample ZnO was also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new MOF of [Co(HCOO)2] · 0.33DMF (I) was prepared and characterized by IR, powder X-ray diffraction, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF file CCDC no. 1571166). Complex I exhibits a diamond framework based on Co-centered CoCo4 tetrahedral nodes, in which all metal ions have octahedral coordination geometry and all HCOO groups link the metal ions in syn-syn/anti modes. The magnetic property shows a main antiferromagnetic interaction and the ferromagnetic phase transition below 2 K. Furthermore, the photocatalytic properties of I for degradation of the methyl violet and Rhodamine B have been explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of BiFeO3 and BiFe1−xMnxO3 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and their photocatalytic activity was studied by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The band gap of BiFeO3 was significantly decreased from 2.26 eV to 1.90 eV with the doping of Mn. Furthermore, the 6% Mn-doped BiFeO3 photocatalyst exhibited the best activity with a degradation rate of 94% after irradiation for 100 min. The enhanced photocatalytic activity with Mn doping could be attributed to the enhanced optical absorption, increment of surface reactive sites and reduction of electron–hole recombination. Our results may be conducive to design more efficient photocatalysts responsive to visible light among narrow band gap semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three types of BiF 3 nanowires (NWs) with different sizes have been investigated via the first-principles calculaition. The stoichiometric NWs is found to be the most stable structure, while F-terminated NWs is the most unstable one. It is found that the surface electronic states strongly influence the band structure of BiF-terminated NWs and that of stoichiometric NWs, making their band gaps all essentially smaller than that of bulk BiF 3 . For F-terminated NWs, the reduction effect of band gap is weaker. The critical states of valence band maximum (VBM), conduction band minimum (CBM) and the bands near the Fermi level are found to be located on surface atoms in BiF-terminated NWs and stoichiometric NWs, which could enhance their photocatalytic activities, and with their high valence band edge positions and small band gaps this two types of BiF 3 NWs are predicted to have better photocatalytic properties than bulk BiF 3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effect of the spacers of S-/O-bridged dipyridylamides on the structures of Co(II)/Zn(II) complexes, [Co(L1)(chda)]·1.5H2O (CP1), [Co(L2)(chda)] (CP2), [Zn(L1)(hip)]·DMA·2H2O (CP3), and [Zn(L2)(hip)]·2.8H2O (CP4) [L1 = N,N′-bis(pyridine-3-yl)thiophene-2,5-dicarboxamide, H2chda = trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, L2 = N,N′-bis(pyridine-3-yl)-4,4′-oxybis(benzoic) dicarboxamide, H2hip = 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid, DMA = N,N-dimethylacetamide], have been solvothermally synthesized. X-ray single-crystal diffraction shows that CP1 is a 2-D 3,5-connected network based on Co-L1 linear chains and (Co-chda)2 double chains. CP2 features a 1-D structure derived from 1-D wave-like (Co-chda)2 double chains decorated by terminal L2 ligands. CP3 and CP4 show wave-like (4,4) networks constructed by 1-D Zn-L1 zigzag and Zn-hip zigzag (for CP3)/linear (for CP4) chains. The effect of the spacers of S-/O-bridged dipyridylamides on the structures of the title complexes was discussed. Electrochemical behaviors of CP1-CP2 and solid-state luminescent properties of CP3-CP4 were studied. The luminescence investigations show that CP3 and CP4 are recycled fluorescent probes for environmentally relevant Fe3+ ions. The photocatalytic properties for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet light irradiation of CP3-CP4 and the recyclable materials after fluorescent sensing Fe3+ ions (named CP3@Fe3+ and CP4@Fe3+) have also been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three-fold interpenetrated coordination polymer [Cd 2 (L)(bibp) 3 ] n ( 1 ) (H 4 L = 5,5′-(1,4-phenylenebis(methoxy))diisophthalic acid, bibp = 4,4'-bis(imidazolyl)biphenyl) has been rationally constructed, successfully solvothermally synthesized and fully characterized. Complex 1 shows a 3D three-fold interpenetrated novel topological framework with the point symbol (4. 6 9 ) 2 (4 2 . 6 2 . 7. 8), and represents a variety of potential applications. Luminescence studies demonstrate that 1 has high selectivity and sensitivity for pollutant Cr(VI) (CrO 4 2- and Cr 2 O 7 2- ) anion and Fe(III) cation; Photocatalytic studies show that 1 exhibits great degradation activity of three organic dyes (methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) and MalachiteGreen oxalate (MGO)). Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of the luminescent quench and photocatalytic properties have been deduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reported a novel approach to optimize the photocatalytic property of anatase TiO 2 particles by delaminating their outer surface into highly reactive nanosheets via the sono-assisted exfoliation method. To modify the surface, TiO 2 particles were dispersed in aqueous solution of 10 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), followed by irradiation with high intensity ultrasonic wave (20 kHz, 150 W/cm 2 ) for 60 min. The intercalation and exfoliation processes were accelerated with the driving force of the extreme acoustic cavitation leading to the delamination of TiO 2 nanosheets with highly reactive exposed {0 0 1} facets from the mother TiO 2 crystals. The presence of TBAOH increased yield of nanosheets formation and stabilized the nanosheet structure. The unique morphology of the surface modified TiO 2 particles provided benefits in increasing the specific surface area and lowering the optical band gap energy (E g ) and electron-hole recombination rate resulting in an enhancement of methylene blue dye degradation efficiency. The surface modification of TiO 2 particles by the sono-assisted exfoliation method can optimize the photocatalytic activity by yielding synergetic effects of the high surface reactive sites of the nanosheets and the high degree of crystallinity of the bulk structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three ternary mixed-ligand Ni(II) coordination polymers (CPs) including {[Ni(DCTP)(L1)·(H 2 O) 2 ]·(H 2 O)} n ( 1 ), [Ni(DCTP)(L2)·(H 2 O) 2 ] ( 2 ), and [Ni(DCTP)(L3)] ( 3 ) (L1 = 1,4-bis(benzimidazol-1-yl)-2-butene, L2 = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, L3 = 1,4-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, H 2 DCTP = 2,5-dichloroterephthalic acid), have been synthesized with a hydrothermal technique and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Both CPs 1 and 2 display 2D 4-connected sql sheets, CP 1 exhibits a 2D L3(9)2(4) water layer interconnected by hydrogen bonding interactions, CP 2 is further extended into a 3D supramolecular framework through O–H⋯O hydrogen bonding interactions. CP 3 reveals a 3D 3-fold interpenetrated 4-connected dia framework with the point symbol {6 6 }. Crystal packing analysis well indicates that O–H⋯O and C–H⋯ π are the most intermolecular interactions in CPs 1 – 2 . Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of CPs 1 – 3 were discussed in detail. Notably, CPs 1 – 3 represented the rare examples of Ni(II) CPs materials as visible-light-driven photocatalysts and showed high activities for degradation of Methyl Blue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Au/TiO 2 nanofilms are prepared on indium-tin oxide glass using magnetron sputtering. The bilayer nanofilms are heat-treated at 500 °C in air for 2 h. The microstructure evolution of the prepared Au/TiO 2 nanofilms is characterized, using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and X-ray diffraction. The heat treatment leads to the migration of Au atoms to form Au/TiO 2 nanofilms with TiO 2 being in anatase phase and the presence of Au films/islands on the surface of the Au/TiO 2 nanofilms. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared Au/TiO 2 nanofilms in an aqueous solution of methylene blue (MB) is evaluated under the irradiation of visible light. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic activity of the prepared Au/TiO 2 nanofilms depends on the loading amount of Au. The rate constant for the photodegradation of the MB compound in the aqueous solutions with pure TiO 2 nanofilms is less than those with the prepared Au/TiO 2 nanofilms. Such behavior can be likely attributed to the activation of the photo-generated charge carriers and the increase of the electron–hole separation efficiency through localized surface plasmon resonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hexagonal tungsten trioxide (h-WO 3 ) nano-rods of different sizes are prepared via hydrothermal synthesis using a capping agent of SnCl 4 ·5H 2 O. The size of the synthesized WO 3 nanoparticles can be controlled by changing concentration of the capping agent SnCl 4 ·5H 2 O alone. We also investigate microstructures and optical properties of the WO 3 nanorods and propose a synthesis mechanism for the nanorods. The photocatalytic activities of the h-WO 3 nanorods are evaluated by degradation of Rhodamine-B (RhB), revealing that these nanorods exhibit excellent photocatalytic properties. The capping agent SnCl 4 ·5H 2 O is found to be critical to governing sizes and properties of the h-WO 3 nanorods. Our results demonstrate that functional nano-crystallites with tunable size and morphology can be synthesized via a facile hydrothermal synthesis process by adjusting the concentration of capping agent alone. Such a facile hydrothermal synthesis process should be applicable to other types of nanomaterials and relevant to a wide range of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) hierarchical microstructures with diverse morphologies were prepared through a simple one-step hydrothermal method with zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide as source materials, and citric acid as the modifying agent. The structure and morphology of the samples were studied through X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area determination. The morphology of the samples was easily regulated by changing the concentration of citric acid. Branchy structures, porous flowers, porous microspheres, solid flowers, solid flower spheres, and solid spheres of ZnO were obtained. The porous structures obtained with 150-200 mmol · L−1 citric acid showed excellent photocatalytic activities for the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation. A possible regulation mechanism of citric acid in ZnO crystals was proposed based on the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver zinc tetraiodide/silver iodide (Ag 2 ZnI 4 /AgI) nanocomposites are produced through a new simple hydrothermal approach. It is found that Ag + molar ratio to Zn + 2 , time and temperature of reaction play significant roles in controlling the purity, shape and grain size of products. The techniques of FESEM, EDX, XRD, TEM and DR-UV–vis are utilized to characterize the as-obtained products and investigate their optical characteristics. Application of the as-obtained Ag 2 ZnI 4 /AgI nanocomposites as photocatalyst via photodegradation of methyl orange pollutant under UV illumination was also evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile one-step hydrothermal route was developed here to prepare MnS 2 /reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids. The crystal morphologies could be controlled by adjusting the solvent, surfactant, and pH of the precursor solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Vis absorption spectra, and photoluminescence spectra (PL), were used to characterize the structures of the samples were used to characterize the structures of the samples, and the specific surface area was determined using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The thickness of the MnS 2 nanoparticles and MnS 2 /reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids were measured to be about 20 and 5 nm, respectively. The total pore volume and specific surface area were 0.540 and 1.173 cm 3 g − 1 and 45.91 and 98.23 m 2 g − 1 for pure MnS 2 and MnS 2 /r-GO hybrids, respectively. Carbophenothion as an insecticide photodegradation was used to estimate the photocatalytic activity of the MnS 2 /reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids morphologies under UV light. The Carbophenothion hardly decomposed during photolysis over a period of 45 min. The rate constant, k value, for the photocatalysis of Carbophenothion by MnS 2 /reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids under UV light radiation is 0.134 min − 1 . The antibacterial properties of the nanohybrids were evaluated by determining their minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC), using a broth microdilution assay for Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) bacteria. The MIC and MBC values are 4.0 and 32.0 μg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu 2 S thin films were successfully grown in situ on Cu foil by an easy hydrothermal method. The effects of surfactant and reaction time on the formation of the Cu 2 S films were studied by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and ABIOS profilometry. Results showed that the thin films consisted of nanoparticles, and their crystallization and surface roughness depended on the structures of surfactants and reaction time. Photocatalytic studies indicated that the film obtained at 1 h by the EDTA-2Na surfactant exhibited a good methylene blue degradation rate of 83.7%, and higher values of 89.2% and 90% were obtained with increased reaction time to 3 and 4 h. Even the decomposition rate remained at high (82%) after reuse. This good catalytic performance can be attributed to the heterojunction formed between Cu and Cu 2 S, the special surface from the reaction between [Cu-EDTA] - ion and S 2− , and the further crystal orientation with prolonged reaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the pendent organic ligand 1-butyl-1 H-(1,3,4)triazole (btz), two new polyoxometalate (POM)-based compounds, [Cu3(btz)6(H2O)4(H3P2W18O62)2]·6H2O ( 1) and [Cu2(btz)(tz)(H2O)2(SiMo12O40)]·5H2O ( 2) (tz=1 H-(1,3,4)triazole), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. In compound 1, three CuII ions are fused by six btz ligands to form a linear tri-nuclear CuII cluster, with water as bridging molecules. Two Wells-Dawson anions offer two terminal O atoms to link two apical CuII atoms of this tri-nuclear cluster. In compound 2, the btz and tz molecules connect CuII ions to construct an infinite CuII chain still with water molecules as bridges. The adjacent chains are linked by one type of POM anions to build a 2D grid-like layer. Considering the long-range coordinative Cu-O bonds, the other types of POM anions connect adjacent layers to form a 3D framework. The electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of compounds 1 and 2 were also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Halloysite-TiO2-Fe3O4composites were prepared by sequentially depositing anatase TiO2and magnetic Fe3O4particles on the halloysite nanotube (HNT) surfaces. HNT-TiO2and HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, specific surface analyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The surfaces of HNTs were attached with the aggregates of TiO2and Fe3O4nanoparticles, the contents of which were calculated to be about 15.2 and 1.5 wt% in HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4. The adsorption and photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) by HNT-TiO2and HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4were studied. HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4exhibited the faster adsorption process than HNT-TiO2. The kinetic adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model and the isotherm data fitted the Langmuir model well. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB were 28.07 and 27.27 mg/g for HNT-TiO2and HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4, respectively. HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4possessed the better removal capability of MB from the aqueous solution than HNT-TiO2. About 100% MB was removed for HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4under UV light irradiation for 12 h, in contrast with about 80% MB removal for HNT-TiO2. HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for the persistent organic pollutant 4-nitrophenol than HNT-TiO2. HNT-TiO2-Fe3O4and can be easily separated from the aqueous solution with the magnetic rather than the filtration or centrifugation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TiO 2 nanoparticles (TNPs) modified ultrathin Na 2 Ti 9 O 19 heterostructural nanosheets arrays are successfully synthesized by novel two-step hydrothermal growth method. Our investigation of their photocatalytic degradation methyl orange (MO) under simulated sunlight irradiation suggests that TiO 2 @Na 2 Ti 9 O 19 nanosheets possess dramatically enhanced photocatalytic activity, and their degradation efficiency is nearly 2.4 times higher than that of the pure Na 2 Ti 9 O 19 nanosheets arrays for 2 h. After 4 cycles, their photocatalytic activities are kept almost unchanged, showing perfect reusability and superior stability, which would be attributed to their uniquely oriented heterostructural nanosheet arrays, matched energy level structure, and intimate interface contact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, pure, Zn, Cu, Zn,Cu co-doped WO 3 nanoparticles samples were prepared by precipitation and co-precipitation methods. These nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV–visible and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The synthesized pure, Zn, Cu, Zn,Cu co-doped WO 3 nanoparticles have smart optical properties and average sizes with 3.2, 3.12, 3.08 and 2.97 eV of band-gap, 18.1, 23.2, 25.7 and 30.2 nm, respectively. Photocatalytic activity of four nanoparticles was studying towards degradation of gentamicin antibiotic under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The result showed that Zn,Cu co-doped WO 3 possessed high photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of WO 3 nanoparticles could be remarkably increased by doping the Zn and Cu impurity. This can be attributed to the fact that the red shift of absorption edge and the trapping effect of the mono and co-doped WO 3 nanoparticles. The research result presents a general and effective way to prepare different photocatalysts with enhanced visible and UV light-driven photocatalytic performance. Antibacterial activity of four different WO 3 nanoparticles against Escherichia coli bacterium has been assessed by the agar disc method under light irradiation and dark medium. It is concluded from the present findings that WO 3 nanoparticles can be used as an efficient antibacterial agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the wastes emitted from the food processing industries are not utilized for any further purpose. The economic value of the food waste is very less when compared to the collection or reuse or discard. To increase the economic value we have to design the food waste as useful product or applicable in most of the current field. Nothing is waste in this world with this concept we have investigated the phytochemical analysis of drumstick peel ( Moringa oleifera ). The result supports the presence of phenols, alkaloids, flavanoids, glycosides and tannins. Since various functional groups containing molecules are present in the extract; it has been further subjected to antibacterial and hemolytic activities. To analysis the antibacterial studies we have employed human pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) bacterium. The result of antibacterial activity clearly shows that it possesses significant activity on both bacterial cultures. The hemolytic activity was performed on red blood cells (RBCs). From this result we observed that drumstick peel extract has been considered as non-toxic on RBCs. Malachite green was selected to perform photocatalytic activity. The results stated that the drumstick peel extract possessed good behaviour towards photocatalytic investigation. The malachite green was degraded upto 99.7% using drumstick peel extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of ZnO/rGO composite materials were successfully prepared by an improved two-steps method. During the two-steps process, Zn 2+ ions were firstly adsorbed and in-situ converted to Zn(OH) 2 on GO sheets by the slow hydrolysis and then heat-converted to ZnO. At the same time, GO was partially reduced to rGO and further exfoliated and unfolded. Thus a real composite material ZnO/rGO was obtained. The photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared composite materials was higher than single ZnO and GO. The improved photocatalytic property of ZnO/rGO was mainly ascribed to the enhanced adsorption of MO, closely contact of ZnO and rGO, the quick electron transfer from excited ZnO particles to rGO sheets, the activation of MO ad -rGO molecules via π–π interaction between MO and rGO to produce the activated species MO a d − * -rGO, short diffusion length of the species MO a d − * from rGO to ZnO particles, and strong oxidation power of ZnO- h + . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu 2− X Se thin film with cubic berzelianite phase was prepared by a simple, low-cost two electrode electrochemical technique and the photocatalytic and thermoelectric properties of the thin films were investigated. The results showed that Cu 2− X Se crystallized in the cubic berzelianite phase and found to possess both direct and indirect band gaps of 2.9 and 1.05 eV respectively, covering almost the entire range of solar-spectrum. The photocatalytic discoloration of aqueous methylene blue (MB) and rose-bengal (RB) dyes over Cu 2− X Se thin films were investigated under visible light irradiation. Cu 2− X Se thin films showed higher catalytic activity for MB compared to RB in presence of H 2 O 2 . The photocatalytic discoloration followed first-order reaction kinetics. Complete removal of aqueous MB was realized after visible light irradiation for 150 min with Cu 2− X Se thin film catalyst in presence of H 2 O 2 . Thermoelectric performances through power factor and figure of merit have been evaluated. Carrier concentration obtained from thermoelectric power was used to evaluate the mobility of carriers from electrical conductivity measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monodispersive indium oxyhydroxide ( InOOH) nanospheres were successfully synthesized by an acetic acid-assisted solvothermal method. The structure and morphology of InOOH nanospheres were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The obtained InOOH nanospheres have a porous structure with diameters of 400-650 nm and a relative large specific surface area of 60.63 m2/g. Introducing a trace amount of acetic acid into the reaction system can effectively adjust the reaction rate, realizing the morphology and phase tuning of InOOH nanospheres. The InOOH nanospheres exhibit excellent photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B under UV light irradiation, which is ascribed to the porous structures and high-Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of InOOH nanospheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An inorganic–organic compound, (H 2 bipy) 3 [(H 2 O) 2 Cu 2 (bpy) 3 (PMo 11 CuO 39 ) 2 ]·8H 2 O( 1 ) (bpy = 4,4-bipyridine), has been prepared under mild hydrothermal conditions and has been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In compound 1 the polyoxoanion PMo 11 CuO 39 5 − has a pseudo-Keggin structure since the Cu(II) atom replaces one Mo(VI) atom of Keggin anion. The polyoxoanions share their terminal oxygen atoms creating an anionic chain. Two adjacent anions in the chain coordinate to same one Cu ion forming a double-linked anionic chain, and then a railway-like chain is constructed by linkage of the bipy molecules to Cu atoms in which the double-linked anionic chains act as two rails of the railway and bipy molecules act as “crosstie”. The 3D supramolecular structure is formed from the railway-like chains through hydrogen bonds and strong π…π stacking interactions. The fluorescent emission of compound 1 from 4,4′-bipyridine ligand was detected and the photocatalysis property for degradation of methylene blue (MB) of compound 1 upon a UV irradiation was examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two different Anderson-type polyoxometalates-directed metal-organic complexes with different structures: {H[K(HO)][Cu(pzca)(HO)](TeMoO)} ( 1) and {H[Cu(pzca)(HO)][AlMo(OH)O]}·17HO ( 2) (Hpzca = 2-pyrazine carboxylic acid) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, IR spectra and powder X-ray diffraction analyses. Compound 1 is a 0D architecture, in which the A-type Anderson anion [TeMoO] (TeMo) is modified by two [Cu(pzca)(HO)] cations and two [K(HO)] cations. The adjacent {[K(HO)][Cu(pzca)(HO)](TeMoO)} clusters are connected by hydrogen-bonding interactions, resulting in a 3D supramolecular framework. When B-type Anderson anion [AlMo(OH)O] (AlMo) was used in compound 2, a 2D wave-like network was obtained, in which the adjacent 1D [Cu(pzca)] chains are linked by AlMo anions with two terminal oxygen atoms. The types of Anderson anions play an important role in tuning the structures of the title compounds. In addition, the electrocatalytic activities of title compounds and photocatalytic activities of compound 1 have been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn-doped CuO nanosheets were prepared through a hydrothermal method to enhance their photocatalytic property. The structural and morphological features were monitored by using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). UV-vis absorption spectra showed the enhance absorption performance both in UV and visible light region. The band gaps were also calculate and the minimum value was 1.25 eV. The photocatalytic activity was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB), which indicated that the photoactivity of samples depended on the amount of Mn2+ incorporated into the CuO lattice. The improved performance of photocatalysts can be attributed to enhanced light absorption and lower electron-hole recombination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co 3 O 4 –ZnO nanocomposite has been synthesized by chemical route. Structural, compositional and morphological analyses evidenced the successful formation of the nanocomposite with almost core–shell type structure having particle size of 10–40 nm range. Magnetic study of the nanocomposite has been carried out by measuring magnetization with varying magnetic field and temperature. Rapid magnetic alignment of the Co 3 O 4 –ZnO nanocomposite structure has been observed below ∼15 K and the behaviour is explained on the basis of their interface effect. This coupled semiconductor system has also been examined for the photocatalytic application and the study on rhodamine B exhibits excellent capacity of the materials for the application in photodegradation of the pollutant organic dye. The photocatalytic efficiency of the materials has been attributed to the capacity of effective charge separation and charge transfer of the system. As a whole, the Co 3 O 4 –ZnO nanocomposite system gives synergistic effect in magnetic and in photocatalytic behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new silver coordination polymers, namely, {Ag 3 (bpy) 6 [PW 12 O 40 ]} ( 1 ), {Ag 5 (H 2 biim) 2 (Hbiim-NO 2 ) 2 [PW 12 O 40 ]} ( 2 ), {Ag 7 (pytz) 4 [PW 12 O 40 ]} ( 3 ) (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine, H 2 biim=2,2′-biimidazole, pytz=4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine), have been synthesized under hydrothermal condition. Compound 1 shows a 3D supramolecular framework based on 0D moieties. Compound 2 exhibits an attractive 2D biologic screw axis. Compound 3 displays a 3D structure, which consists of Ag(I)···π interactions, π···π stacking and weak Ag···Ag interactions. It is noteworthy that nitration happens to compound 2 during the hydrothermal condition, which is quite rare. Through contrasting the antibacterial activities of gram negative and gram positive bacteria, we find compounds 1–3 have better antibacterial property in gram negative bacteria than gram positive bacteria. In addition, compounds 1–3 also exhibit efficiency of photocatalytic decomposition of organic dyes. Those compounds may be used as potential multifunctional materials in wastewater treatment, because they not only can kill bacteria but also degrade organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The porous cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) dodecahedron nanocrystals have been successfully prepared via a solvothermal reduction process at a moderate temperature. The average dimensions of these Cu 2 O dodecahedron nanostructures were about 750 nm in diameter. The crystal growth mechanism of the novel architectures has been discussed. And then, the as-prepared Cu 2 O samples were used as photocatalysts in the degradation of methylene blue (MB). Due to the porous nature of the products, the photocatalytic performance has been significantly improved. We believe that the current work will offer some ideas for further fabricating porous nanostructures and exploring their applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new compound based on capped polyoxometalates (POMs), [Ag(phen) 2 ] 2 (Agphen) 2 SiW 12 O 40 (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectrum, UV–vis electronic spectrum, elemental analyses, and powder X-ray diffraction pattern. The structural feature of compound 1 is that each [SiW 12 O 40 ] 4 − (SiW 12 ) cluster capped by two (Agphen) + fragments. To the best of our knowledge, the compound 1 represents the first example of hybrid compound based on bi-silver-capped POMs to date. The photocatalytic properties of compound 1 were also investigated in detail and the results of photocatalytic experiment show that compound 1 can be used as a photocatalyst towards the decomposition of organic pollutant methylene blue (MB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoscale SnO 2 , SnS 2 and SnO 2 /SnS 2 were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) and UV–vis spectra. The photocatalytic activity of SnO 2 , SnS 2 and SnO 2 /SnS 2 were tested with Enrofloxacin antibiotic. The tetragonal and hexagonal SnO 2 and SnS 2 phase was confirmed through XRD, respectively. The photocatalytic results indicated that the SnO 2 /SnS 2 enhanced the photocatalytic activity and could be effectively used as photocatalyst for degradation of Enrofloxacin antibiotic pollutant. The results of antibacterial experiment under visible light irradiation demonstrate that the SnO 2 /SnS 2 nanocomposite exhibit enhanced antibacterial efficiency compared with pure SnO 2 and SnS 2 . The antifungal activity of the nanoscale SnO 2 , SnS 2 and SnO 2 /SnS 2 against Candida albicans was assessed using the disc-diffusion susceptibility tests. It was seen that the antifungal activity of SnO 2 /SnS 2 nanocomposite is higher than the pure SnO 2 and SnS 2 toward pathogenic C. albicans . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new polyoxometalates (POMs)-based hybrid compounds: H[Cu(CHN)(MoO)(HO)]·2(CHN)·2HO ( 1), H[Co(CHN)(MoO)(HO)]·2(CHN)·2HO ( 2) and H[(CHN){Ni(OH)MoO}]·4HO ( 3) (CHN = 3-aminopyridine), have been synthesized by self-assembly of (NH)MoO·4HO, CHN and different metal nitrates at different pH values. The single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, PXRD and thermogravimetric analyses have been used to characterize the title compounds. Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural 3D metal-organic frameworks with a CdSO-type topology, which are constructed from infinite MoO inorganic chains in uncommon ABAB linking mode. Compound 3 exhibits a 1D supramolecular chain derived from in situ formed Anderson-type [Ni(OH)MoO] anions and 3-aminopyridine via hydrogen-bonding interactions. The structural diversities indicate that metal ions show great effect on the construction of different POMs and final architectures. The electrochemical behavior of compound 1, the photocatalytic activities of compounds 1- 3 have been investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin disulfide nanoparticles (SnS 2 NPs) are widely used in consumer products including paints, textiles and sunscreens. The present study evaluated the photocatalytic effect of SnS 2 NPs for degradation of Enrofloxacin antibiotic, which is part of the fluoroquinolone family. The SnS 2 NPs were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analysis. The mean diameter of the particles was found to be 23 nm. The XRD patterns exhibited hexagonal structure for NPs. The photocatalytic activity of SnS 2 NPs was evaluated based on the degradation of the Enrofloxacin antibiotic solution as a function of reaction time under visible light source. The rate of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic by SnS 2 NPs was high. The SnS 2 NPs has favorable antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bismuth/bismuth oxybromide (Bi/BiOBr) composites were synthesized by a facile one-step solvothermal method with the help of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N 2 sorption, UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The photocatalytic activity of the products was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) under the visible-light irradiation. The results showed that Bi/BiOBr composites with the different Bi contents could be obtained by adjusting the amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), all of which exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in comparison with pure BiOBr. Among them, Bi/BiOBr composites prepared with 5 ml of DMSO presented the highest photocatalytic activity. The enhanced photocatalytic activity could be attributed to an increased amount of photo-induced charge carriers and effective separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs. The trapping experiments confirmed that the photogenerated holes and O 2 − radicals were the main active species responsible for the photodegradation of MO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene/ZnO-Bi2O3nanoplates (GZB) were prepared by means of the low temperature hydrothermal method, and their photocatalytic activity for degradating rhodamine B (RhB) was studied. Experimental results show that the ZnO-Bi2O3nanoparticles were supported on graphene sheet under the assist of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Furthermore, the resultant GZB nanoplates exhibited very strong adsorption capacity and high photocatalytic activity, in which the first absorbed ability comes up to about 74.62% within 30 min. Moreover, 90% RhB in solution can be degraded within 100 min under visible light after the sample reach the maximum adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]