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State-of-the-art multi-fragment imaging techniques like the COLTRIMS reaction microscope unveil the complete momentum pattern in low-energy atomic and molecular many-particle fragmentation processes much like the bubble chamber in high-energy particle physics. The excellent momentum resolution far below 1 m e a 0 E h/ħ (1 a.u.) and the high multi-fragment detection efficiency of the COLTRIMS technique reveal the dynamic correlation of bound many-particle systems as they are fragmented into the continuum. For the fragmentation process of carbon monoxide following carbon K-shell ionization using 306 eV photons (right and left circularly polarized) hν + CO → ephoto + O+ + C+ + eK-Auger, the vector correlations between all fragments were measured in coincidence for each event. According to the common view of this process, the photoelectron and Auger electron emission probe different aspects of the time-dependent fragmentation process, i.e. the ‘time evolution’ of fragmentation. Based on measured vectors and vector combinations (e.g. vector products) of (1) the absorbed photon, (2) the emitted photoelectron and (3) ions, the Auger electron emission can be investigated with respect to the axes and planes defined by these vector combinations for each event in order to explore dynamical symmetries in multi-particle systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we shed new light on the molecular photoionization of a diatomic molecule. We will elaborate the differences and analogy between a quantum optical and light-matter interaction approach in a study of K-shell photoionization of N2 in which the photoelectron and the subsequently emitted Auger electron are both measured in coincidence in the body fixed frame of the molecule. The two electrons form an entangled state inside a double slit. By changing the photon energy we create different types of interference in the photoelectron and the Auger electron wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a new time-of-flight spectrometer for energy and angle-resolved measurements of electrons emitted in coincidence from a surface. By using a projection method, we can cover nearly 2π of the solid angle above the sample resulting in a very high coincidence efficiency. The use of this new spectrometer for the double photoemission process from surfaces will be demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the design and operation of a time-of-flight electron spectrometer which is capable of simultaneously acquiring the energy and momentum distribution of low-energy photoelectrons in two dimensions parallel to the surface. We discuss its capabilities and limitations in particular for time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission (2PPE) with pulsed lasers. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by presenting 2PPE data on the momentum-dependent electron dynamics of the first ( n = 1) image-potential state on Cu(0 0 1). The data reveal a weak but systematic dependence of the decay dynamics on sample azimuth with one-fold symmetry which we attribute to a small residual step density on the nominal flat surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we shed new light on the molecular photoionization of a diatomic molecule. We will elaborate the differences and analogy between a quantum optical and light-matter interaction approach in a study of K-shell photoionization of N2 in which the photoelectron and the subsequently emitted Auger electron are both measured in coincidence in the body fixed frame of the molecule. The two electrons form an entangled state inside a double slit. By changing the photon energy we create different types of interference in the photoelectron and the Auger electron wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

H2, the smallest and most abundant molecule in the universe, has a perfectly symmetric ground state. What does it take to break this symmetry? We found that the inversion symmetry can be broken by absorption of a linearly polarized photon, which itself has inversion symmetry. In particular, the emission of a photoelectron with subsequent dissociation of the remaining H2+ fragment shows no symmetry with respect to the ionic H+ and neutral H atomic fragments. This lack of symmetry results from the entanglement between symmetric and antisymmetric H2+ states that is caused by autoionization. The mechanisms behind this symmetry breaking are general for all molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]