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Dunnia sinensis, a monotypic genus of the Rubiaceae, is an Endangered species endemic to China. Its complete chloroplast genome was determined to be 154,909 bp in length and the GC content was 37.80%. The sequence includes a large single-copy region of 84,894 bp, a small single-copy region of 16,973 bp, and the inverted region of 26,521 bp in length. It contains 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The ML and BI analyses revealed D. sinensis was closely related to Galium mollugo and Leptodermis scabrida with strong bootstrap values belonging to the subfamily Rubioideae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foonchewia coriacea, a monotypic genus of the Rubiaceae, is endemic to China. Its complete chloroplast genome was determined to be 153,114 bp in length and the GC content was 37.90%. The sequence includes a large single-copy region of 83,978 bp, a small single-copy region of 18,290 bp, and the inverted region is 25,423 bp in length. It contains 129 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses revealed F. coriacea was closely related to Dunnia sinensis with strong bootstrap values, belonging to the subfamily Rubioideae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Chloroplast (cp) genomes of L. scabrida complex were sequenced and annotated. • The structures of cp genomes were highly similar with no gene rearrangement event. • Based on the value of Pi , six highly variable regions were screened. • The robust phylogenetic relationships were firstly constructed with cp genome data. Leptodermis scabrida complex is one of the important components of genus Leptodermis , which is mainly distributed in the Himalaya Mountains. It includes species of L. gracilis, L. hirsutiflora, L. hirsutiflora var. ciliata, L. kumaonensis, L. pilosa var. acanthoclada and L. scabrida. However, species boundaries and relationships within this complex are unclear based on current morphological and molecular evidence. We sequenced 13 complete chloroplast (cp) genomes representing seven taxa of the complex and two non- Leptodermis scabrida complex taxa. After de novo assembly and annotation, we performed comparative genomic analysis. All cp genomes showed highly conserved structures, and the genome sizes ranged from 154,369 bp to 154,885 bp and possessed the same GC content (37.5%). A total of 113 unique genes were identified in each cp sample, including 79 protein coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and four rRNAs. Repeat sequences and SSRs were detected, showing great similarity among all taxa in this complex. Six highly variable regions, including trnS-trnG , rps2-rpoC2 , ndhF , rpl32-ccsA , ccsA-ndhD , and ndhA , were screened as potential molecular markers for phylogenetic reconstruction. Based on a total of 27 complete cp genome sequences, the consistent and robust phylogenetic relationships were firstly constructed and the same species within L. scabrida complex clustered into a group. The divergence time of Leptodermis from ancestral taxa occurred at the middle Eocene, which might be due to geological and climatic changes. The 13 complete cp genome sequences reported will provide new clues for phylogeny elucidation, species identification and evolutionary history speculation of Leptodermis , as well as in Rubiaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]