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Extensive phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Euphorbia dracunculoides led to the isolation of 19 structurally diversified diterpenoids with five different carbon skeletons, including six new lathyrane glycosides ( 1 – 6 ), three new cyclomyrsinanes ( 7 – 9 ), three new premyrsinanes ( 10 – 12 ), and one new 10,18-dihydromyrsinane ( 13 ). Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the structure of 7 was further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 – 6 are the first examples of C-17-glycosylated lathyrane diterpenoids. Selected isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines. Only the tiglianes exhibited moderate activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new myrinsol diterpenoid ester, 2 α,3 β,5 α,7 β,10-O-pentacetyl-14 α-O-benzoyl-15 β-O-nicotinoyl-10,18-dihydromyrsinol ( 1), along with a known analogue, proliferin C ( 2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and comparison with literatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]