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Introduction: Phytotherapy becomes increasingly popular in veterinary medicine. To fully exploit the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and ensure their safe use, knowledge about the effective plant parts and preparations is required. Improper use and overdosage of medicinal plants can be toxic. With www.phytoarznei.ch, we provide an online decision support aid that allows for the retrieval of currently available information on medicinal plants and their use in domestic animals. This decision support system is based on the available literature in the field, which after critical evaluation has been incorporated into a structured database. For each medicinal plant or drug, we have listed therapeutic indications, different application types, organoleptic properties, plant ingredients, pharmacological effects, dosages, duration of treatment, toxicity, legal frame for use in livestock and relevance for doping. A user-friendly access to all data is achieved by means of two search programs, either by entering the plant name or name of the drug in a search field or by selecting the desired animal species and therapeutic application from respective drop-down lists. This database on medicinal plant applications in animals is linked to the poisonous plant database of the University of Zurich and, for marketed preparations, to the Swiss compendium of veterinary medicinal products as well as to an index of related veterinary products.

The terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is hardly interpretable in the context of human genome, therefore the human genome program attracted attention towards the Western practice of medicine in China. In the last two decades, several important steps could be observed in China in relation to the approach of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The Chinese government supports the realization of information databases for research in order to clarify the molecular biology level to detect associations between gene expression signal transduction pathways and protein-protein interactions, and the effects of bioactive components of Chinese drugs and their effectiveness. The values of TCM are becoming more and more important for Western medicine as well, because molecular biological therapies did not redeem themselves, e.g., in tumor therapy. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(18): 696-702.

Introduction: Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which there is an inability to fall asleep or to stay asleep. At some point in life, 50% of adults suffer from it, usually in stress situations., Aim: To evaluate the impact of sleep hygiene measures, relaxations techniques, and herbal medicine to deal with insomnia, compared with standard measures (drug treatment)., Methodology: An experimental, retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted by means of a review of patients diagnosed with insomnia (2008-2010). Patients in the intervention group (IG) received an integrative approach (hygiene measures, relaxation techniques, and herbal medicine) and a control group (CG) with conventional treatment. A comparison was made of the resources used in the two groups (average monthly visits pre- and post-diagnosis), type of prescribed drug therapy and total dose. Sleep quality was evaluated at 18-24 months (Epworth test)., Results: A total of 48 patients were included in the IG and 47 in the CG (70% women, mean age 46 years (SD: 14.3). Average monthly visit pre-diagnosis was 0.54 (SD: 0.42) in the IG and 0.53 (SD: 0.53) in the CG (P=.88). Post-diagnosis it was 0.36 (SD: 0.24) and 0.65 (SD: 0.46), respectively (P<.0001), with a statistically significant reduction being observed in the IG. More than half (52.5%) of the IG patients and 93.6% in the CG had received a benzodiazepine (P<.0001). Alprazolam and lorazepam were the most prescribed in the CG and with higher cumulative dose. In the subsequent evaluation, 17% of patients in the IG and 5% in CG did not have insomnia. Severe insomnia was present in 13% of patients in the IG and none in CG (P<.0001)., Conclusions: The integrative approach to insomnia may be worthwhile as it reduces resource use and side effects, as well as dependence to benzodiazepines., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To evaluate the possible effects of Tribulus terrestris herbal medicine in the erectile dysfunction treatment and to quantify its potential impact on serum testosterone levels., Design and Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study including thirty healthy men selected from 100 patients who presented themselves spontaneously complaining of erectile dysfunction, ≥ 40 years of age, nonsmokers, not undergoing treatment for prostate cancer or erectile dysfunction, no dyslipidemia, no phosphodiesterase inhibitor use, no hormonal manipulation and, if present hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus should be controlled. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and serum testosterone were obtained before randomization and after 30 days of study. Patients were randomized into two groups of fifteen subjects each. The study group received 800 mg of Tribulus terrestris, divided into two doses per day for thirty days and the control group received placebo administered in the same way., Results: The groups were statistically equivalent in all aspects evaluated. The mean (SD) age was 60 (9.4) and 62.9 (7.9), P = .36 for intervention and placebo groups, respectively. Before treatment, the intervention group showed mean IIEF-5 of 13.2 (5-21) and mean total testosterone 417.1 ng/dl (270.7-548.4 ng/dl); the placebo group showed mean IIEF-5 of 11.6 (6-21) and mean total testosterone 442.7 ng/dl (301-609.1 ng/dl). After treatment, the intervention group showed mean IIEF-5 of 15.3 (5-21) and mean total testosterone 409.3 ng/dl (216.9-760.8 ng/dl); the placebo group showed mean IIEF-5 of 13.7 (6-21) and mean total testosterone 466.3 ng/dl (264.3-934.3 ng/dl). The time factor caused statistically significant changes in both groups for IIEF-5 only (P = .0004), however, there was no difference between the two groups (P = .7914)., Conclusions: At the dose and interval studied, Tribulus terrestris was not more effective than placebo on improving symptoms of erectile dysfunction or serum total testosterone., (Copyright © 2013 AEU. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)

Functional dyspepsia is defined as a group of symptoms, whether related or unrelated to intake, localized in the upper abdomen, that manifest in the form of discomfort or epigastric pain, postprandial fullness and early satiety, in the absence of any demonstrable organic or structural anomaly. The etiopathogenesis and physiopathology of the process are unknown but factors that may be involved include gastric motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, psychological and genetic factors, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastric acid hypersecretion. There is still no etiological treatment and consequently treatment is empirical and based on symptoms. This article reviews the main therapeutic options currently available, with special emphasis on the use of certain phytoceuticals (STW 5), in an attempt to integrate with traditional scientific medicine. This article also proposes an integrative therapeutic algorithm., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L. and AEEH y AEG. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Anredera cordifolia is a plant recognized as a non-conventional food plant. In folk medicine, it shows promise, being used in the treatment of skin diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Objectives: to map the properties of the Anredera cordifolia plant in the therapeutic process of non-communicable chronic diseases. Materials and methods: The study was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The search was conducted in the Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases in 2022 and updated in 2023. Selection criteria were primary studies, in any language, country of origin, and publication year, conducted with humans, animals, and/or cellular models, in a laboratory context, focusing on the properties of the plant. Selection was performed independently by two reviewers using the Rayyan software. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: In the 27 included articles, the results demonstrated that the plant has positive properties in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and cataracts, as well as being beneficial in controlling cholesterol, triglyceride, and uric acid levels. The main therapeutic properties identified were hypoglycemic effect and reduction in serum levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. The plant also showed beneficial effects on the healing of diabetic wounds, reduction in heart rate, and obesity. Conclusions: Chronic diseases with evidence on the use of the plant include hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, obesity, and cataracts. Additionally, the plant has beneficial properties regarding clinical markers such as triglycerides, cholesterol, and blood glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a semi-solid Tea Tree Oil (TTO) form at 2 % and 2,5% concentrations for treating periodontal disease. Method: A preclinical test in a sample of 30 mice with ear edema induced by croton oil was divided into two groups to compare treatment with Indomethacin and Diclofenac. Results: TTO at 2,5 % concentration showed a higher inhibition activity of inflammation (54,74 %) than TTO at 2 % (51,21 %). Statistical analysis showed no significative differences between treatment combinations (p>0,05). Conclusions: The tea tree oil in semi-solid form, applied in 2 - 2,5 % concentration in this preclinical study, showed consistent anti-inflammatory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic non-communicable diseases are related to lifestyle and are an important component of the epidemiological transition, correlated with the demographic transition seen in the population profile. With a view to achieving comprehensive health care, the Ministry of Health recommends the use of Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health (PICS) in the services of the Care Networks. The objective was to report the experiences of a PICS training program, with workshops on medicinal plants and condiments, aimed for health professionals in the city of Coxim, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil and academics from a Higher Education Institution. The Training Program was planned through alignment meetings between the proposers of the action, and the content was based on the National Policies on Integrative and Complementary Practices, Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics, Food and Nutrition. Next, there was publicity and the opening of registrations for the target audience. There was the direct participation of 21 participants. Among these, the majority reported having no prior contact with this topic during their academic training. The workshops had a theoretical-practical component, with applicability in health units being presented and demonstrated. These actions are extremely important to promote health and healthy habits and enhance popular knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana: AOL is the property of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agroecology is introduced as a transformative tool in education, extending beyond agricultural practices to encompass social, political, environmental, and economic issues. The integration of agroecology and medicinal plants in schools is seen as a way to promote education that inspires environmental action and responsibility. The article aims to explore the integration of agroecology and medicinal plants in schools as part of an education that fosters environmental awareness, sustainability, and knowledge about the use of medicinal plants. The research explores the richness of Brazil's genetic biodiversity, popular knowledge about medicinal plants and their potential for pharmaceutical use. It emphasizes the importance of environmental education as a transformative tool across different educational levels, highlighting the school garden as a way of involving students in preserving the environment. Agroecology is discussed as a transdisciplinary and transformative approach that promotes sustainable agri-food systems. The inclusion of medicinal plants in school gardens is considered a means to encourage meaningful learning and the formation of environmentally conscious citizens. The integration of agroecology and medicinal plants in schools is proposed as a promising initiative. Sustainable education is deemed essential for the development of environmentally aware and committed citizens. The school garden is presented as a pedagogical tool that strengthens teamwork and has the potential to raise students' awareness of environmental preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The equines, being herbivorous animals, are predisposed to gastrointestinal parasitoses because they are in contact with the soil, are the traditional plants are recognized as possessing anthelmintic activity. The present study evaluates an anthelmintic action of Musa sapietum in horses, naturally infected by gastrointestinal parasites. Thirty-eight horses between 3 and 10 years, of different sexes and races, and naturally infected by helminths, were used near the municipality of Silva Jardim, RJ. The treatment consisted in the supply of leaf blades of the M. sapientum species. With the alimentary tract and the results for the EPG count were prior to the experiment (day 0) and fulfilled during 5 days of treatment and at 7, 14 and 21 days after the closing of the offer of leaves of M. sapientum. The supplementation of Leaves of Musa sapientum to the diet proved to be useful in the control of large equidae strongylids, revealing us to be a good herbal alternative in a traditional way in the anthelmintic control, however there is a need for phytochemical studies to evaluate the active components that act effectively on nematodes. The applied methodology was innovative for the equine species and proved useful, deserving adjustments in management techniques, as well as the time and volume of administration, as well as in relation to the interval between applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The Polish cultivar of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) “Żółwińska wielkolistna” is a source of many bioactive substances with a wide spectrum of activities. The leaves of the plant are considered to be a raw material richest in bioactive substances. The unique properties of the plant are primarily due to polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, including: rutin, albanon, kuwanone, which make it possible to use white mulberry as an agent with a wide spectrum of activities, from anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic, antioxidant to antimicrobial. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the method of extracting substances from dried white mulberry leaves on the antibacterial activity of the obtained extracts. Four extraction methods were used to obtain the extracts, and then their antimicrobial activity against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was determined. Methods: Mulberry leaves were collected in September 2021 from an ecological plantation located at the Experimental Station, Institute of Natural Fibers and Medicinal Plants in Poznań – National Research Institute in Pętkowo. Leaves were dried at 60°C for 12 hours, then laboratory analyses were performed. The extraction was carried out by the following methods: 1.) carbon dioxide extraction, 2.) carbon dioxide extraction using a cosolvent, 3.) maceration with carbon dioxide extraction using a cosolvent, 4.) solvent extraction. Then, the antimicrobial activity of the obtained extracts against selected strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was determined. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) were determined. Results: As a result of the conducted research it was found that there are differences in the antibacterial activites of extracts from dried white mulberry leaves depending on the extraction method used. The highest antibacterial activity both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was shown by extracts obtained using a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor without the use of cosolventa, with more effective growth-inhibiting and bactericidal effects observed against Gram-positive bacteria compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusions: Extracts obtained from dried leaves of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) of the Polish variety “Żółwińska wielkolistna” have antibacterial properties. This leads to the possibility of using white mulberry in herbal medicine and pharmacology as an antimicrobial agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe the experience of use and clinical evolution of patients with acute bronchitis treated with Hedera helix EA575 syrup for seven days. Methods: A descriptive observational study based on clinical records, which included patients between 2-14 years old with acute bronchitis prescribed by their doctor Hedera helix EA575 syrup. Sociodemographic data and the time of evolution of the cough were taken from the baseline consultation. Treatment-related variables, BSS-Pediatric Scale, visual analogue cough scale, and verbal descriptive cough score were taken from the follow-up. The satisfaction with the treatment and its success were evaluated after 14 days. Results: 80 patients between 2 and 12 years old were included. The median number of cough days was eight days. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, 50% and 76% had resolved the cough, respectively. On day 14, coughing was frequent without interfering with activities in 1 patient. The BSS-pediatric score decreased at each follow-up. Median day-and-night cough VAS was zero for day 14. Awakenings due to coughing decreased from 3 at baseline to 0 per week. 98.75% of the patients were satisfied with the treatment, and none presented adverse events. Conclusions: After seven days of treatment, half of the patients had resolved cough and night awakenings; it is suggested that treatment with Hedera helix EA575 could be beneficial and of low risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Currently, awareness of nosocomial infections has increased and the species Staphylococcus saprophyticus has been showing a problem in clinical trials because it is associated with these infections. In dentistry, natural products have been extensively studied due to the search for products with greater pharmacological activity. In this sense, Melaleuca alternifolia, a plant native to Australia, presents itself as of great medicinal importance for its proven bactericidal and antifungal action against several human pathogens. Its essential oil has an inhibitory action against the spread of bacteria, including those resistant to antibiotics and present in hospital infections. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial and non-adherent activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia against the clinical strain of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Methodology: Assays were performed using broth microdilution techniques in 96-well plates to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and inclined tube technique to determine the Minimum Adhesion Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) to glass, in the presence of 5% sucrose. Results: It was observed that the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia has a strong antibacterial activity, classified by the CIM against the strain of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. The CBM of 512 demonstrated that this oil acts as a bactericide and bacteriostatic for the same strain. As for CIMA, a value of 1:4 was observed, being equal to 0.12% Chlorhexidine Digluconate. Results: The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia has strong bacterial activity, behaving as bactericidal and bacteriostatic against the clinical strain of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The white mulberry cultivar "Żółwińska wielkolistna" is a rich source of bioactive substances. Objective: The aim of the research was to determine the potential of the Polish white mulberry cultivar "Żółwińska wielkolistna" by determining the content of nutrients, micro- and macroelements and selected flavonoids in the dried leaves of the plant. Moreover, a SWOT analysis was carried out in the scope of the possibility of using the cultivar "Żółwińska wielkolistna" for herbal purposes. Methods: Mulberry leaves were collected in September 2021 from an ecological plantation located at the Experimental Station, Institute of Natural Fibers and Medicinal Plants in Poznań National Research Institute in Pętkowo. Leaves were dried at 60°C for 12 h and then laboratory analyses were performed. The research objective was to determine the content of selected bioactive substances in dried mulberry leaves. Moreover, the content of nutrients and selected macro- and microelements were determined. Finally, based on the obtained research results, an attempt was made to evaluate the possibility of using the Polish variety in herbal medicine. Results: The dried leaves of white mulberry are a source of nutrients: proteins, fat, sugars and fibre. Moreover, it contains macro- and microelements: calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, sulphur, zinc, chromium and iron. The white mulberry is also a rich source of flavonoids: quercetin, rutin, vitexin, isovitexin, luteolin, and apigenin. In addition, white mulberry leaves are a source of vitamins. The bioactive substances contained in white mulberry leaves can be used to support the treatment of many diseases, including diabetes or atherosclerosis. Conclusions: White mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a plant rich in bioactive substances. A native variety of white mulberry "Żółwińska wielkolistna" is adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of Poland. The obtained research results indicate the possibility of using dried white mulberry leaves in herbalism. Developing herbal market in Poland and growing interest in white mulberry are excellent opportunities for the promotion of Polish white mulberry variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scire Salutis is the property of CBPC - Companhia Brasileira de Producao Cientifica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Candida tropicalis is a frequent agent of candidemia in Brazilian hospitals, being the second most commonly isolated species. Infection by this agent can occur in patients of all ages, but it affects adult and elderly patients more frequently. Candidemias are related to animals. Consequently, drugs that affect fungal cells can also affect human cells, making it difficult to treat fungal infections. The increase in resistance to antifungals alerts to the need to expand strategies that prevent their dispersion among fungi, as has already happened with bacteria, which are found to be distributed and out of control. Therefore, new forms of studies on therapeutic alternatives are necessary, herbal medicines can be used as a new treatment option. Objective: to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of the chloroform phase of Raphiodon echinus on Candida tropicalis strains. Metho-dology: the method of determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was used on the broth microdilution technique. Results: a MIC50 of 256 µg/mL was obtained for the fungus strains. Conclusion: in this way, it is possible to observe the possible use of this substance for further treatment of diseases caused by Candida tropicalis yeasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: to determine the toxicological and antimicrobial activity of the Crude Dry Extract (EBS) from the leaves of Annona muricata (L.). Methodology: the alcoholic EBS of Annona muricata L. leaves was performed, which was submitted to the evaluation of toxicity based on the mean lethal concentration (LC50) and on the Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility (FOE). Antimicrobial activity was analyzed using the Inhibitory Potential (IP) test. Results: the EBS of the leaves showed activity against S. mutans at all concentrations tested. The LC50 of this species was 265.66 µg/mL. The FOE at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL was 31.28%, indicating high toxicity. Conclusion: in view of the above, the microbiological and toxicological activity of Annona muricata (L.) was verified, which indicated inhibitory activity against S. mutans. Regarding its toxicological potential, there was a profile that can be used, provided it is used with caution. Emphasizing the need for further studies on the subject that may include the plant in the clinical practice of local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Cuidándote is the property of Colegio Oficial de Enfermeria de Malaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Alternative therapies using medicinal plants and herbal medicines have been growing worldwide, as natural treatments have low cost and less toxic effect compared to conventional drugs available. Aim: To evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity and ex-vivo genotoxicity of Brazilian species of the Malvaceae family: Waltheria viscosissima A. St. Hil. In vitro methods were used to verify the cytotoxic potential through hemolytic and antihemolytic assays and the ex-vivo genotoxic analysis. Results: The Crude Etanolic Extract (CEE) and Cloroformic Fraction (CF) was obtained in vegetal sample used on this study; the CEE-Wv and CF-Wv products exhibited the lowest cytotoxic potential with hemolysis less than 40% in all concentrations evaluated. A moderate anti-hemolytic effect was described in all samples treated with 500 and 1000 µg/mL, with hemolysis <60 %. In addition, the compounds showed low ex-vivo genotoxic effect with a general index of normal cells greater than 84 % at all concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest a low toxic profile of the compounds obtained from species of the Malvaceae family, indicating safe limits for the use of these natural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agronomía Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)