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Abiotic stress is a limiting factor for plant growth and development. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce the negative effects of abiotic stress. This study aimed to determine the tolerance of Nauclea orientalis inoculated with mycorrhizae to drought and waterlogging stresses. This research was carried out at the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association's greenhouse and Forestry laboratory the University of Halu Oleo in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, from March to June 2019. The study used a factorial, completely randomized design consisting of two factors. The first factor was Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) inoculations (A) consisting of control, AMF types of Acaulospora sp.1, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum. The second factor was environmental stress treatments (B) consisting of a control, soil moisture 25% of field capacity, 50% of field capacity, inundated as high as the polybag (9 cm high) and inundated over the polybag. The results showed that local AMF was effective in improving plant growth. Interaction between inoculation of Acaulospora sp.1 and environmental stress significantly increased AMF colonization on the N. orientalis roots. Inoculation of C.etunicatum significantly improved the N. orientalis growth. The treatment of drought stress with a field of 50% field capacity negatively influenced plant dry weight and the relative growth of the N. orientalis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shorea balangeran is an important component of peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia and is an important source of timber. However, S. balangeran has been decreasing in number due to overexploitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of inoculation of native ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi on growth of S. balangeran in degraded peat swamp forest. Spores of Boletus sp., Scleroderma sp., and Strobilomyces sp. were collected from natural peat swamp forest in Indonesia. Seedlings of S. balangeran were inoculated with or without (control) spores and grown in sterilized peat soil under nursery conditions for 6 months. Then, the seedlings were transplanted into a degraded peat swamp forest and grown for 40 months. ECM colonization was 59-67% under nursery conditions and increased shoot height and weight. Shoot height, stem diameter, and survival rates were higher in inoculated seedlings than in control 40 months after transplantation. The results suggest that inoculation of native ECM fungi onto native tree species is useful for reforestation of degraded peat swamp forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake and shoot growth of Aloe vera was investigated. Plants were inoculated with one of two AM fungi, Glomus clarum or Gigaspora decipiens. Control plants were not inoculated. Plants were grown under glasshouse conditions in a peat land soil without fertilizers for 12 months. Inoculated A. vera plants were colonized with AM fungi. Total length of leaves and number of leaves were higher in inoculated plants than uninoculated plants 12 months after inoculation. Shoot N and P concentrations were higher in inoculated plants than uninoculated plants. Shoot fresh weight was increased by AM colonization. This result suggests that AM colonization can increase the nutrient uptake and growth of A. vera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]