Search

Trindade is a Brazilian oceanic island approximately 1,100 km from the American mainland. The Cyathea Sm. plants from Trindade were originally considered an endemic species, Cyathea copelandii Kuhn & Luerssen, but later included in Cyathea delgadii Sternb. Based on molecular data (trnL-trnF, trnG-trnR and rbcL-accD), morphometric analysis of leaf characters, scanning electron microscopy of indusia and spores, and habitat suitability modeling, the present study confirms the status of C. copelandii as a synonym of C. delgadii. Intraspecific molecular variation suggests phylogeographic structuring in C. delgadii and differentiation between the coastal Atlantic Forest domain and the Cerrado domain (savanna) in the interior of Brazil. The Trindade populations are more closely related to the Atlantic Forest populations, indicating a colonization of the island from the latter area.

The epiphytic fern genus Microgramma (Polypodiaceae) comprises 30 species occurring mainly in the Neotropics, but with one species in Africa, an example of trans-Atlantic disjunction. Morphologically and ecologically, Microgramma presents a wide range of variation that is not seen in the most closely related genera. Recent studies have changed the circumscription of Microgramma to better conform with phylogenetic evidence, but no comprehensively sampled study has addressed the evolution of this lineage. The present study aimed to investigate phylogenetic relationships, ecology and morphological evolution and to test the role of long-distance dispersal in Microgramma. Sequences from five plastid regions were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and estimate divergence times. Our results show five clades in Microgramma that do not corroborate any previously proposed infrageneric classification system. Several morphological traits appear to be homoplastic, including leaf dimorphism. Tuber-like myrmecodomatia are suggested to be synapomorphic for one clade, although ant-plant associations appear in two lineages. Microgramma lycopodioides in the Neotropics and M. mauritiana in Africa, once thought to be conspecific, are not closely related, with the African species nested in an Atlantic Forest clade, indicating a long-distance dispersal event estimated to have occurred c. 15 Mya from South America to Africa, followed by speciation.

Serpocaulon demissum is herein proposed as a new combination based on the study of the type specimens and protologue of Goniophlebium demissum, as well as the comparison with its sympatric and morphologically similar species, S. catharinae and S. vacillans, two widespread species from the Atlantic Forest. Serpocaulon demissum is similar to these species by the presence of patent rhizomes scales and pinnatisect laminae, but differs from them by its thick amylaceous rhizomes, larger rhizome scales, and spores without folded perine. This taxon represents an endemic species from the Brazilian inselbergs. A re-description that includes a lectotype designation, line drawings, SEM pictures of the spores, pictures of the plant in the field, information of the novel habitat and rhizome stores, distribution map, and the conservation status of the species is presented.

We recognized Dicranopteris spissa (Fée) L.V.Lima & Salino comb. nov. as a segregate species distinct from Dicranopteris rufinervis and other gleichenioid ferns occurring in Brazil. This study provides taxonomic background, descriptions, images, maps, and comments regarding the morphology, ecology, and distribution of D. spissa, as well as an identification key for all Brazilian species of Dicranopteris.

We describe a new species of Blechnum from Mato Grosso, Brazil: Blechnum rivulorum sp. nov. This new species was discovered as a result of visits to the herbaria BM, K, P, PR, and S, as part of the Reflora Project, by the first author. We also indicate its position in a new Blechnum phylogeny. Additionally, we confirm the occurrence of Blechnum meridense Klotzsch in Brazil and provide an updated key to all species of Blechnum in the country.

This publication is a Corrigendum to Lima & Salino (2022). In the original article, we did not fully refer to the original publication of the basionym of the new proposed combination, which we rectify here. The authors apologize for the mistake and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.

The filmy fern genus Trichomanes mainly comprises Neotropical species and a few taxa in Africa and the western Indian Ocean. The aim of this study is to infer the phylogenetic placement of all five Afro-Malagasy taxa in the genus and to investigate their history via an expanded and dated phylogenetic analysis including 39 species representing over half the diversity of the genus. The results support the monophyly of Trichomanes including all the sampled species attributed to the genus, but also suggest the inclusion of the species Abrodictyum cellulosum, revealing a morphological diversity of the genus greater than what was traditionally recognized, and highlighting the importance of the campanulate sorus as a generic diagnostic character. To accommodate those new phylogenetic results and morphological investigations, we describe a new subgenus Afrotrichomanes grouping the Afro-Malagasy taxa (except T. crenatum). The dated history of the genus among the trichomanoids suggests at least two origins for the Palaeotropical species. A recent Cainozoic colonization from the Neotropics towards Africa gave rise to the West African taxon T. crenatum, and a possible Mesozoic vicariance event gave rise to subgenus Afrotrichomanes. The low species diversity of the genus in the Afro-Malagasy region is discussed.

Polypodiaceae is notable for being one of the richest, most diverse, and abundant groups of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Currently, 65 genera and approximately 1652 species are recognized in the family. Pleopeltis is a monophyletic genus and comprises approximately 90 species, most of which are exclusive to the Neotropics. The aim of this scientific contribution is a taxonomic treatment of the Pleopeltis species occurring in Brazil. It has been based on the morphological data of specimens from Brazilian and foreign herbaria, as well as on observations and collections made in the field. Eighteen species are recognized in Brazil and occur in all Brazilian biomes, notably the Atlantic Forest (16 spp.). At least one species occurs in all Brazilian states, and the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais (southeastern Brazil) are the richest (11 spp. each). According to the Brazilian Flora Red List, three species are officially threatened, P. alborufula and P. monoides are endangered, and P. trindadensis is critically endangered; however, we suggest including two more species in the official list: P. aturensis and P. stolzei. The taxonomic treatment includes a genus description, identification key to the species, synonyms, species description, distribution maps, illustrations, list of specimens studied, taxonomic comments, and information on habitat and distribution.

We describe and illustrate Selaginella kriegeriana, a narrow endemic species from Caparao National Park, Brazil, and discuss its affinities. Scanning electron micrograph images of spores and leaves supplement our discussion. In addition, we present a synopsis of the Selaginella species from Caparao National Park, with an identification key and geographical distributions.

In the state of Pará (Brazil), until the beginning of last decade little was known about the composition of the fern and lycophyte flora. The ferruginous mountains of Carajás are located in Southeastern Pará, mostly inserted in the Floresta Nacional de Carajás. The objective of this work is to present a complete and updated list of fern and lycophyte species occurring in all vegetation types from Carajás ferruginous mountains as a contribution to the knowledge of these plant groups from the Brazilian Amazon. The species list was based on specimens collected between 2007 and 2013. About 1068 specimens deposited in the BHCB Herbarium were studied. A total of 186 species of pteridophytes were recorded, 175 species of ferns distributed in 22 families and 68 genera, and 11 species of lycophytes distributed in three families and four genera. The fern and lycophyte flora of Serra dos Carajás region corresponds to 64% of the Pará state flora of these groups and 34% of the Brazilian Amazon fern and lycophyte flora. Seven taxa are presented as new records for Pará state: Asplenium abscissum, A. otites, A. praemorsum, Blechnum lanceola, Elaphoglossum minutum, Doryopteris collina, and Hemionitis tomentosa. Three species are endemic to Serra dos Carajás, Isoetes cangae, I. serracarajensis, and Selaginella stomatoloma. Resumo No estado do Pará (Brasil), até o início da última década pouco se sabia sobre a composição da pteridoflora. As serras ferruginosas de Carajás estão localizadas na região sudeste do Estado, em sua maior parte inseridas na Floresta Nacional de Carajás. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma listagem completa e atualizada das espécies de samambaias e licófitas ocorrentes em todas as formações vegetacionais das serras ferruginosas da região de Carajás como uma contribuição ao conhecimento da pteridoflora da Amazônia Brasileira. A listagem de espécies foi elaborada com base nos espécimes coletados entre 2007 e 2013 durante expedições botânicas. Foram estudados cerca de 1068 espécimes que estão depositados no herbário BHCB. Foram registradas 175 espécies de samambaias distribuídas em 22 famílias e 68 gêneros, e 11 espécies de licófitas, distribuídas em três famílias e quatro gêneros. A pteridoflora da região de Carajás corresponde a 64% da flora de samambaias e licófitas do Pará e a 34% da pteridoflora da Amazônia Brasileira. Sete táxons são apresentados como novos registros para o estado do Pará: Asplenium abscissum, A. otites, A. praemorsum, Blechnum lanceola, Elaphoglossum minutum, Doryopteris collina e Hemionitis tomentosa. Três espécies são endêmicas da região de Carajás, Isoetes cangae, Isoetes serracarajensis e Selaginella stomatoloma.

A presente listagem representa uma primeira compilacao da diversidade das samambaias e licofitas para o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Encontramos registros de ocorrencia de 207 taxons de samambaias (20% das especies de samambaias do Brasil) e 15 taxons de licofitas (12% das especies de licofitas do Brasil) distribuidos principalmente pelas regioes montanhosas do Macico do Urucum na regiao oeste do estado. Esses dados sao preliminares e evidenciam a necessidade de ampliacao de estudos, visando a reducao de lacunas de coletas existentes e assim proporcionar ummelhor conhecimento acerca da diversidade, ecologia e distribuicao desses grupos de plantas no estado.

Although nectaries are widely known among angiosperms, few records exist for ferns, and there are even fewer studies focusing on their anatomy. We noticed nectaries in Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae) and confirmed their presence in six taxa of the genus. We conducted a structural analysis using light and scanning electron microscopy and revised occurrence records of nectaries in polypodiaceous ferns. Nectar secretion was observed in young fronds and was restricted to the basal pinnae/segments. We did not detect any differentiated glandular tissue in the portions where the nectar was released, which implies that the nectar secreting glands in the studied taxa should be regarded as non-structural nectaries. Nonetheless, we found the mesophyll in these portions to usually be compact (i. e. with inconspicuous and relatively fewer intercellular spaces), sometimes with cells with distinct dense protoplast. In addition, prominent stomata with elevated guard cells were observed in nectary portions, probably constituting pathways through which nectar exudates. An update record for nectaries in Polypodiaceae was presented; these structures were recorded in 8% of Serpocaulon and ca. 1% of the species of the family, most being epiphytic with pinnatisect laminae dissection. While extrafloral nectaries are mostly related to protection against herbivores, nectary ecology in ferns is poorly understood, and a protective role of these structures cannot be discarded. However, further investigation is needed and encouraged to develop a comprehensive understanding of fern nectaries in light of their evolutionary history and ecological roles.

International audience; Polypodiaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant families of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Despite multiple studies investigating its phylogeny and taxonomy, several generic boundaries within the family still need clarification. One of the most problematic circumscriptions is that of Polypodium L., and one species that still contributes to this uncertainty is Polypodium chrysolepis Hook. The main goal of this study was to use molecular and morphological data to clarify the relationships of P. chrysolepis inside the polygrammoid clade. Sequences from three plastid regions (cpDNA – rbcL, rps4 and rps4–trnS IGS) from fifty species belonging to thirty-two genera of Polypodiaceae were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Polypodium chrysolepis constitutes an isolated lineage among the neotropical polygrammoid ferns, close to Serpocaulon and the grammitids, and is recognized here in a new genus. It can be distinguished by its entire leaves with free veins and peltate, pedicellate, lanceolate paraphyses. A new combination, Adetogramma chrysolepis, is proposed and a new taxonomic treatment is presented; its conservation status was assessed using IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

We describe a new species and propose a new combination of Ctenitis from South America. The new species is from Peru. We named it Ctenitis megalastriformis due to the resemblance to Megalastrum. The new combination corresponds to the species known until now as C. pedicellata. This species should be called C. nervata, based on the older name Aspidium nervatum. Lectotypes are designated for A. pedicellatum and Dryopteris indecora, both considered here to be synonyms of C. nervata.

Young fronds from several fern species are covered by mucilage, but its synthesis and functional roles remain understudied. The young leaves of the tropical ferns Amauropelta cheilanthoides , Amauropelta pachyrhachis and Steiropteris decussata are covered by a hyaline layer of highly hydrophilic mucilage that is produced by glandular trichomes (GTs). In order to better understand the morphology and ultrastructure associated with mucilage secretion in these plants, we employed a combination of light and electron microscopy along with histochemical studies. The distribution and abundance of GTs varies during leaf growth. The origin and differentiation of GTs occurs early in leaf development and their secretory activity is restricted to the first stage of leaf differentiation. Glandular trichomes can be sessile or pedunculate and the secretory head commonly shows a single cell in the distal portion. In general, at the beginning of development, the distal secretory cell has a large nucleus, thin wall and dense cytoplasm with large vacuoles, endoplasmatic reticulum and active dictyosomes. In mature secretory cells the large vacuole is filled with secretion, and represents almost the entire protoplast. Observations of the early onset and duration of functional mucilaginous trichomes of Thelypteridaceae, the physicochemical nature of the secretion and the location of these trichomes indicate that the product of these structures provides protection for the apical meristem and young leaves from excessive sunlight and high levels of transpiration, thereby reducing water loss. This functional concept is the common link connecting most reports on the structure of colleters and, therefore, this work represents the first report of colleters for ferns.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Tectariaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, imagens, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registrados dois gêneros e duas espécies: Tectaria heracleifolia e Triplophyllum glabrum.

Resumo Este estudo engloba os táxons de Polypodiaceae registrados nas cangas da Serra dos Carajás, no estado do Pará, trazendo descrições, ilustrações e comentários morfológicos. Foram registrados oito táxons para a área de estudo, distribuídos em seis gêneros: Campyloneurum centrobrasilianum, C. phyllitidis, Microgramma lycopodioides, M. persicariifolia, Pecluma plumula, Pleopeltis polypodioides var. burchellii, Phlebodium decumanum e Serpocaulon triseriale.

A new species, Serpocaulon australe, from the Yungas Montane Forest of Argentina and Bolivia, is described based on a reinterpretation of the name S. gilliesii. The new species is similar to S. lasiopus, but can be distinguished by its rhizome scales with entire margins and acute-acuminate apices, glabrous fronds with few axillary scales in the segments, sori absent in the apex of the segments, and ascending segments. We investigated the taxonomic relationships among these similar species of Serpocaulon using morphoanatomical characters of the sporophyte and ecological preferences. Morphometric analyses, clustering, and principal coordinate analyses (PCoA), were used to scrutinize the forming of hierarchical non-overlapping groups strictly according to degree of morphological similarity. Twenty-four characters were scored for 65 specimens from herbaria (including type material) and for new collections from our fieldwork.We discuss the taxonomic status of S. gilliesii and S. lasiopus and present nomenclature notes for S. gilliesii. Also, some misidentified herbaria collections have led to the discovery of a Serpocaulon species (S. lasiopus), a new record for the Argentinian flora. Finally, a revised key to the pinnatisect species of Serpocaulon in Argentina is provided. Fil: Sanín, David. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil Fil: Ospina Gonzalez, Juan Camilo. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Estudios Celulares Geneticos y Moleculares.; Argentina Fil: Moura, Ingridy Oliveira. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil Fil: Salino, Alexandre. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Brasil

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons das famílias Athyriaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, Metaxyaceae e Saccolomataceae (Polypodiopsida) encontrados nas formações de Floresta Ombrófila Densa circunvizinhas às formações de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, e conta com descrições, imagens, distribuição e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registradas oito espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros. Abstract This study addresses the families Athyriaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, Metaxyaceae and Saccolomataceae (Polypodiopsida) recorded in the rainforest surrounding “canga” formations of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, with descriptions, images, geographical distribution and comments. In the study area were recorded eight species distributed in five genera.

For ferns and lycophytes, the Neotropics is a hotspot of diversity (3000-4500 species), and second only to Southeastern Asia in richness and endemism. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on fern and lycophyte systematics in the Neotropics, and emphasizes sampling sufficiency and current taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge. Plant systematics plays an important role in documenting diversity and geographic distribution patterns that are needed to understand relationships and evolutionary patterns, and plays a vital role in species conservation. Although in recent decades this field of science has undergone a revolution because of new approaches and techniques, data presented in this work shows that large gaps remain and there is still a long path towards fully understanding fern and lycophyte systematics in Neotropics. Approaches and how to choose areas that should be targeted in order to try to fulfill these knowledge gaps are discussed.

Two new species of Goniopteris endemic to the state of Espirito Santo (Brazil) are described and illustrated: Goniopteris bradei and G. salinoi. Morphological comparisons with similar species, as well as two identification keys, are presented. One key includes the Brazilian species most similar to G. bradei, and the other includes those Goniopteris species with glandular hairs, including G. salinoi.

Selaginella P. Beauv. is the only genus in the family Selaginellaceae Willk. The genus is monophyletic, has a cosmopolitan distribution, contains about 750 species and can be characterized by the presence of rhizophores, leaves, a ligule, heterospory and adaxial, reniform sporangia. Twenty species were found in the study area: Selaginella alstonii, S. contigua, S. convoluta, S. decomposita, S. erectifolia, S. erythropus, S. flexuosa, S. jungermannioides, S. macrostachya, S. marginata, S. microphylla, S. muscosa, S. producta, S. sellowii, S. sematophylla, S. suavis, S. sulcata, S. tenella, S. tenuissima and S. vestiens. Two new species records for the state are presented (S. jungermannioides and S. tenella). We present descriptions of the genus and species, an identification key, the synonyms pertaining to Brazil, illustrations, and comments about the taxonomy and distribution of species in Brazil.

Knowledge of the geographic distribution of plants is essential to underpin the understanding of global biodiversity patterns. Vascular epiphytes are important components of diversity and functionality of Neotropical forests but, unlike their terrestrial counterparts, they are under-represented in large-scale diversity and biogeographic analyses. This is the case for the Atlantic Forest - one of the most diverse and threatened biomes worldwide. We provide the first comprehensive species list of Atlantic Forest vascular epiphytes; their endemism patterns and threatened species occurrence have also been analyzed. A list with 2,256 species of (hemi-)epiphytes - distributed in 240 genera and 33 families - is presented based on the updated Brazilian Flora Checklist. This represents more than 15% of the total vascular plant richness in the Atlantic Forest. Moreover, 256 species are included on the Brazilian Red List. More than 93% of the overall richness is concentrated in ten families, with 73% represented by Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae species alone. A total of 78% of epiphytic species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to overall vascular plant endemism in this biome estimated at 57%. Among the non-endemics, 13% of epiphytic species also occur either in the Amazon or in the Cerrado - the other two largest biomes of Brazil – and only 8% are found in two or more Brazilian biomes. This pattern of endemism, in addition to available dated phylogenies of some genera, indicate the dominance of recent radiations of epiphytic groups in the Atlantic Forest, showing that the majority of divergences dating from the Pliocene onwards are similar to those that were recently reported for other Neotropical plants.

Resumo Este estudo trata as espécies de Selaginellaceae registradas nas cangas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, trazendo descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários sobre estas. Na área estudada foram registradas duas espécies, Selaginella radiata, a qual possui distribuição restrita à América do Sul, e S. simplex, que está mais amplamente distribuída nos Neotrópicos.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Pteridaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registrados nove gêneros e 10 espécies: Adiantopsis radiata, Adiantum deflectens, Ananthacorus angustifolius, Ceratopteris thalictroides, Doryopteris collina, Hemionitis palmata, H. tomentosa, Lytoneuron ornithopus, Pityrogramma calomelanos e Vittaria lineata.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Dryopteridaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registrados quatro gêneros e quatro espécies: Ctenitis nigrovenia, Dryopteris huberi, Elaphoglossum glabellum e Polybotrya sorbifolia.

288 new combinations of Neotropical Thelypteridaceae taxa are proposed in order to recognize monophyletic genera, based on the results of the most recent molecular phylogeny of the family, as well as the morphological uniformity of characters for each genus. The new nomenclatural combinations correspond to 186 Amauropelta taxa, 77 species of Goniopteris, and 25 Steiropteris taxa. A key to all native Neotropical genera of the family is also presented.

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons da família Marattiaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, imagens, distribuição e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registrados um gênero e duas espécies: Danaea cartilaginea e Danaea leprieurii. As duas espécies constituem registros novos para o estado do Pará.

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons da família Gleicheniaceae encontradas nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, imagens, distribuição e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registradas duas espécies distribuídas em dois gêneros: Dicranopteris flexuosa e Gleichenella pectinata.

International audience

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Lycopodiaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foi registrada apenas Palhinhaea cernua.

A new species, Selaginella surucucusensis L. Goes & E. Assis, collected since 1969 in Roraima State, in Northern Brazil, is described and illustrated and its affinities are discussed. We discuss S. mazaruniensis Jenman, S. parviarticulata W. R. Buck and S. rhodostachya Baker as new distribution records for Brazil, and we designate a lectotype for S. mazaruniensis.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Nephrolepidaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, imagens, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registrados um gênero e quatro espécies: Nephrolepis brownii, N. pectinata, N. hirsutula e N. undulata. Abstract This study addressed the Nephrolepidaceae taxa recorded in ferruginous formations of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, bringing descriptions, images, geographical distribution, and comments. In the study area one genus and four species were recorded: Nephrolepis brownii, N. pectinata, N. hirsutula e N. undulata.

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons de Hymenophyllaceae registrados nas cangas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registradas cinco espécies distribuídas em dois gêneros, Trichomanes accedens, T. crispum, T. elegans, T. pinnatum e Vandenboschia radicans. Abstract This study treats Hymenophyllaceae taxa recorded in cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, with descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments. In the study area two genera and five species were registered, Trichomanes accedens, T. crispum, T. elegans, T. pinnatum, and Vandenboschia radicans.

Este estudo trata as espécies de Blechnaceae encontradas nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários sobre os táxons. Na área estudada foram registrados três gêneros e sete espécies: Blechnum areolatum, B. heringeri, B. longipilosum, B. occidentale, B. polypodioides, Neoblechnum brasiliense e Telmatoblechnum serrulatum. This study addressed the Blechnaceae species recorded in ferruginous formations of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, presenting descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments about the taxa. In the studied area, three genera and seven species were recorded: Blechnum areolatum, B. heringeri, B. longipilosum, B. occidentale, B. polypodioides, Neoblechnum brasiliense and Telmatoblechnum serrulatum.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Ophioglossaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foi registrada apenas Ophioglossum nudicaule. Este constitui o primeiro registro de Ophioglossaceae para o estado do Pará.

Background: The Atlantic Forest biome is a top hotspot for conservation priorities, but the variations in fern species composition and the factors driving these are still poorly known. The vegetation gradient found in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, constitutes an interesting environmental model for examining such patterns.Aims: We analysed the variation in fern species composition across a vegetation gradient in the southern Atlantic Forest and the variables that might influence it.Methods: We applied cluster analysis (TWINSPAN and WPGMA), ordination (DCA), regression (OLS and GWR) and variance partitioning to species occurrence, environmental and spatial data in 40 sample units (50 × 50 km2), using metadata.Results: Bioclimatic variables, mainly those related to humidity (water being an essential medium for fern reproduction), and geographic distance were related to variation in fern species composition. Dispersal constraints, probably related to neutral processes, could be evoked to expla...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S2175-78602013000100004.pdf: 2910912 bytes, checksum: 5798911540c440bae89d1fb7e3e18819 (MD5) A ocorrência de rochas carbonáticas delimita um tipo particular de relevo, o carste, o qual, pela geomorfologia e hidrologia específicas, difere das paisagens dominantes. Na região cárstica do Alto São Francisco, conhecida como Mata de Pains, encontram-se exemplos marcantes de relevos cársticos ocorrentes em Minas Gerais. No cárste, a cobertura vegetal é composta por mosaico fitofisionômico apresentando áreas florestadas e áreas abertas, com notável diversidade florística. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o levantamento das espécies de angiospermas em áreas com afloramentos de rocha carbonática na Região Cárstica do Alto São Francisco, bem como verificar a relação florística da região estudada com a flora dos domínios fitogeográficos brasileiros. Para o levantamento, no período de 2002 a 2006, foram realizadas expedições mensais para coletas de material botânico fértil concentradas em áreas relacionadas a rochas carbonáticas. O material coletado totalizou 1.512 exsicatas e foi incorporado ao acervo do herbário BHCB. Foram encontradas 456 espécies de angiospermas, distribuídas em 299 gêneros e 77 famílias. O hábito herbáceo foi o melhor representado, com 161 espécies, seguido dos hábitos arbustivo e arbóreo (111 espécies cada), escandente (73 espécies). A flora encontrada na Mata de Pains apresenta influências, em ordem de importância, dos domínios fitogeográficos Mata Atlântica, Cerrado, Amazônia, Caatinga, Pantanal e Pampa. Inventários florísticos em regiões cársticas nos diferentes domínios fitogeográficos podem, em conjunto, fornecer informações importantes no entendimento histórico da vegetação neotropical. The occurence of carbonatic rocks defines a typical type of relief, called karst, that, by its geomorphology and hydrology, usually differs from the surrounding landscape. In the upper São Francisco river basin, some striking remnants of vegetation associated to karst can be found, which are locally knwon as Mata de Pains. In this region, a mosaic of different physiognomies, including forests and open areas, which present noteworthy plant diversity, composes the vegetation. The aim of this study is to provide an inventory of angiosperm species in areas of carbonatic rocks outcrops in the upper São Francisco river basin karst region, as well as analyze the floristic relationship of the study area with different Brazilian phytogeographic domains. Fieldwork was performed during the period of 2002 a 2006, when collections of fertile speciemns were done in areas associated to carbonatic rock outcrops. During the study, 1512 exsicates were incorporated to BHCB herbarium collection. A total of 456 angiosperm species were inventoried, distributed in 299 genera and 77 families. Herbaceous habit was better represented, with 161 species, followed by shrubs and trees (111 species each) and lianas (73 species). The flora of the study area presents more influence of the Mata Atlântica domain (Atlantic Rain Forest), followed by, in order of importance, Cerrado, Amazonia, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampa. Floristic surveys in different karst regions inserted in different phytogeographic domains may, together, provide useful information in understanding the phytogeografic history of Neotropical vegetation. Universidade Federal de Lavras Depto. Biologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Inst. Biociências Depto. Botânica Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Inst. Ciências Biológicas Depto. Botânica Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Inst. Biociências Depto. Botânica

Estimating species richness with herbarium data and new collections allows us to understand the distribution of diversity. We investigated the accuracy of lycophyte and fern sampling along a vegetation gradient in the subtropical Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil. We compiled lycophyte and fern collection metadata and estimated species richness and assessed sampling accuracy for sixty 50 x 50 km units using ACE, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2 estimators. We compiled data for 12,779 fern specimens of 441 species, 67 of which were sampled in only one unit (singletons) and 35 in two units (duplicates). Of the 60 units examined, only 11 had observed values that were above 70% of their estimated values, and 14 had observed levels between 65-70% of the estimated values, meaning that 35 units had a sampling accuracy of less than 65%. In spite of the long history of lycophyte and fern collecting in the study area, there remain units with a lower than expected sampling accuracy for a subtropical forest. This finding indicates that a sizeable collection effort is needed in order to discover the actual distribution of species before the effects of fragmentation and deforestation become permanent.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Dennstaedtiaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foi registrada apenas Pteridium arachnoideum. Abstract This study addressed the Dennstaedtiaceae taxa recorded in ferruginous formations of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, with descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments. In the study area only one species was recorded: Pteridium arachnoideum.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Thelypteridaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registrados quatro gêneros e sete espécies: Christella hispidula, Cyclosorus interruptus, Goniopteris abrupta, G. pennata, G. tetragona, G. tristis e Meniscium maxonianum.

Resumo No final da década de 1960, pesquisadores do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) iniciaram as coletas botânicas na Serra dos Carajás, resultando em um expressivo acervo e interessantes descobertas sobre a flora local, marcada por endemismos e pressão por atividades mineradoras. Em 2014, foi estabelecido o projeto "Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás" através da cooperação entre o MPEG e o Instituto Tecnológico Vale de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ITVDS), visando especialmente a elaboração da flora das cangas da FLONA Carajás. Um acervo de cerca de quinze mil exsicatas, depositadas principalmente nos herbários MG e BHCB além de HCJS, INPA, IAN, NY e RB constitui a base para o desenvolvimento da flora. Até o momento, a flora inclui 151 famílias de angiospermas, gimnospermas, licófitas e samambaias e briófitas (musgos e hepáticas). Neste trabalho apresentamos um breve histórico dos estudos botânicos na região, caracterização da área de estudo, e procedimentos metodológicos adotados no desenvolvimento do projeto. Também, constitui a introdução para o volume 1 da Flora das cangas de Carajás composto por 55 famílias, sendo quatro de briófitas, duas de licófitas, oito de samambaias, uma de gimnospermas e 40 de angiospermas, incluindo 139 gêneros e 248 espécies. Abstract Back in 1960 researchers from the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) began to study the Serra dos Carajás, resulting in an important series of collections, giving interesting insights in the local flora. During the last decades, intensification of expeditions to the FLONA Carajás was driven by the discovery of a high number of endemic species, coupled with mining pressure in the area. The project "Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás" was established in 2014 through the collaboration between MPEG and Vale Institute of Technology - Sustainable Development (ITVDS), which aimed to record systematically the knowledge of the flora associated with the cangas of the Serra dos Carajás. Nearly fifteen thousand exsiccatae currently held at several herbaria (MG, BHCB, HCJS, INPA, IAN, NY and RB) served as the base for the compilation of this flora that includes, so far, 151 families including bryophytes, ferns and seed plants. Here we present a short history of the botanical studies carried out in the region, as well as the characterization of the study area and the methodology followed by this project. This introductory chapter heads the first volume of the Flora of the cangas of the Serra de Carajás, presenting the first 55 plant families, four of bryophytes (two of mosses and two liverworts), two of lycophytes, eight of ferns, one gymnosperm and 40 families angiosperms, treating 139 genera and 248 species.

Resumo Este estudo trata dos táxons de Aspleniaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foram registrados um gênero e quatro espécies: Asplenium formosum, Asplenium salicifolium, Asplenium serratum, Asplenium stuebelianum. Abstract This study adressed the Aspleniaceae taxa recorded in ferruginous formations of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, bringing descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments. In the study area one genus and four species were recorded: Asplenium formosum, Asplenium salicifolium, Asplenium serratum, and Asplenium stuebelianum.

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons de Cyatheaceae encontrados nas formações ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, com descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários. Na área estudada foi registrada apenas Cyathea pungens. Abstract This study addressed the Cyatheaceae taxa recorded in ferruginous formations of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, bringing descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments. In the study area only one species was recorded: Cyathea pungens.

Two new species of Blechnum from Para State, northern Brazil, are described along with a diagnostic key and illustrations: Blechnum areolatum and B. longipilosum (Blechnaceae). Blechnum areolatum can be distinguished by: partially anastomosing veins, one or two pairs of pinnae and one- to two-celled hairs present only on the abaxial side of leaf blade. Blechnum longipilosum is characterized by: partially anastomosing veins, one to three pairs of reduced proximal pinnae and long hairs on rachises, costae, veins, laminar tissue, and indusia between sporangia. Both plants belong to the B. occidentale L. complex. Blechnum areolatum is similar to some specimens of B. lanceola Sw. with one pair of pinnae, but the veins in the latter species are completely free. Blechnum longipilosum has no known close relatives. The only Neotropical species so far known with partially anastomosing veins is B. heringeri Brade, which has erect rhizomes (vs. short creeping in B. longipilosum) and short, two- to three-cell...