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The current tribal classification of Myrtaceae was based on analysis of the plastid matK coding region within the trnK intron. The phylogenetic position of the genera Cloezia and Xanthomyrtus was poorly supported, and the original sequence for Kania, the type genus of the tribe Kanieae, was rather poor. To clarify relationships, we sequenced plastid psbA–trnH and an extended portion of the trnK intron, including the spacer regions flanking matK, and nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS regions for representative species across the tribes, including denser sampling of the three genera of interest. Analyses of these extended datasets show a strong relationship between Kania and the tribe Metrosidereae but not with other genera presently assigned to the Kanieae. The relationship between Kania and the tribe Metrosidereae is strongly correlated with morphological features recently documented in Metrosideros fossils. Consequently, a new tribe, Tristaniopsideae PeterG.Wilson, is described to accommodate most genera presently assigned to Kanieae. Furthermore, the morphological divergence and genetic distance shown by Cloezia and Xanthomyrtus are here considered as justifying their recognition as the tribes Cloezieae Peter G.Wilson and Xanthomyrteae Peter G.Wilson. Recognition of these tribes brings to four the number of tribes absent from present-day mainland Australia. Prior to this study, Metrosidereae was the only tribe in subfamily Myrtoideae that was absent from mainland Australia.

The typification of the names of three non-endemic species of Indigofera in Australia is revisited. Firstly, the uncertain typification of an introduced species, I. hochstetteri Baker, is considered; a previous, imprecise lectotypification is recognised and a second step lectotype is designated. Secondly, an earlier error in the citation of the type of another introduced species, I. sessiliflora DC., is corrected and specific details of the holotype are provided. Thirdly, a lectotype is designated for I. seticulosa Harv., a synonym of the widespread native species, I. colutea (Burm.f.) Merr.

Mustaqim, Wendy A., Martiansyah, Irfan, Mambrasar, Yasper M., Wilson, Peter G. (2022): Lectotypification of Xanthostemon petiolatus (Myrtaceae). Phytotaxa 559 (2): 213-216, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.11

A new species, Indigofera centralis Peter G. Wilson & Rowe, is described from Central Australia, west of the Finke Gorge National Park in the Northern Territory; it resembles some other inland species (I. fractiflexa, I. gilesii, I. warburtonensis and I. helmsii) but differs most conspicuously by the relatively larger flowers.

Two additional species in the Indigofera haplophylla are described. Indigofera brennanii Peter G. Wilson, is a recently discovered taxon that occurs on Groote Eylandt and in Limmen National Park on the adjacent mainland. Indigofera fimbriolata Peter G. Wilson is a geographically isolated species that occurs in Bulleringa National Park, Queensland; it was formerly included in I. rupicola. Although both taxa are found in national parks, their conservation status has not been assessed.

Rhodomyrtus verecunda A.J.Ford & Peter G. Wilson from north-east Queensland, Australia, is formally described and illustrated. Notes on habitat, distribution and conservation status are provided, as are details of how it can be distinguished from R. macrocarpa, the only other species of the genus in the region that lacks acrodromous venation. A revised key to the species of Rhodomyrtus in Australia is also presented.

A new species of Tristaniopsis (Myrtaceae) from the Philippines, Tristaniopsis flexuosa Fernando & Peter G.Wilson, is formally described and illustrated. At present, the species is known only from a single locality in upper montane forest in extreme ultramafic habitat and we provide an assessment of its conservation status. Its relationship to other Malesian species of Tristaniopsis is discussed, and a key to the identification of the Philippine species provided.

The current tribal classification of Myrtaceae was based on analysis of the plastid matK coding region within the trnK intron. The phylogenetic position of the genera Cloezia and Xanthomyrtus was poorly supported, and the original sequence for Kania, the type genus of the tribe Kanieae, was rather poor. To clarify relationships, we sequenced plastid psbA–trnH and an extended portion of the trnK intron, including the spacer regions flanking matK, and nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS regions for representative species across the tribes, including denser sampling of the three genera of interest. Analyses of these extended datasets show a strong relationship between Kania and the tribe Metrosidereae but not with other genera presently assigned to the Kanieae. The relationship between Kania and the tribe Metrosidereae is strongly correlated with morphological features recently documented in Metrosideros fossils. Consequently, a new tribe, Tristaniopsideae PeterG.Wilson, is described to accommodate most genera presently assigned to Kanieae. Furthermore, the morphological divergence and genetic distance shown by Cloezia and Xanthomyrtus are here considered as justifying their recognition as the tribes Cloezieae Peter G.Wilson and Xanthomyrteae Peter G.Wilson. Recognition of these tribes brings to four the number of tribes absent from present-day mainland Australia. Prior to this study, Metrosidereae was the only tribe in subfamily Myrtoideae that was absent from mainland Australia.

The application of the name Indigofera monophylla is clarified by reference to the type held in the Geneva herbarium and an revised description provided. The name has been widely applied to plants with rounded, unifoliolate leaves and some workers have suggested that there are multiple species within this broadly defined group. One of these has previously been given the phrase name Indigofera sp. Bungaroo Creek (S. van Leeuwen 4301) and this is formally named here as Indigofera rivularis Peter G. Wilson. Two additional species in this complex are also described: Indigofera deserticola Peter G. Wilson & Rowe, is a species of sandplains occurring within the Great Sandy Desert and Dampierland Bioregions, and Indigofera rotula Peter G. Wilson, which is a species with smaller leaves and flowers that occurs primarily in areas south of the Pilbara. A key to these species is provided.

International audience; Premise To further advance the understanding of the species-rich, economically and ecologically important angiosperm order Myrtales in the rosid clade, comprising nine families, approximately 400 genera and almost 14,000 species occurring on all continents (except Antarctica), we tested the Angiosperms353 probe kit. Methods We combined high-throughput sequencing and target enrichment with the Angiosperms353 probe kit to evaluate a sample of 485 species across 305 genera (76% of all genera in the order). Results Results provide the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for the order to date. Relationships at all ranks, such as the relationship of the early-diverging families, often reflect previous studies, but gene conflict is evident, and relationships previously found to be uncertain often remain so. Technical considerations for processing HTS data are also discussed. Conclusions High-throughput sequencing and the Angiosperms353 probe kit are powerful tools for phylogenomic analysis, but better understanding of the genetic data available is required to identify genes and gene trees that account for likely incomplete lineage sorting and/or hybridization events.

Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) is a morphologically highly variable species found in mainland Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand. For example, in New Zealand up to six morphologically distinct varieties of this species have been described, although only two (var. scoparium and var. incanum) are now formally recognized. In the present study we provide a first examination of genetic diversity in this culturally and commercially important species with the aim of gaining insights into its origins and evolution. We used anchored hybrid enrichment to acquire sequence data from 485 orthologous low-copy nuclear loci for 27 New Zealand and three Australian accessions of L. scoparium and representatives of several other Leptospermum spp. The final concatenated data matrix contained 421 687 nucleotide positions of which 55 102 were potentially informative. Despite the relative large data set, our analyses suggest that a combination of low and incompatible data signal limits the resolution of relationships among New Zealand populations of L. scoparium. Nevertheless, our analyses are consistent with genetic diversity being geographically structured, with three groups of L. scoparium recovered. We discuss the evolutionary and taxonomic implications of our findings.

Application of the name Eucalyptus obtusiflora DC. (Myrtaceae). Telopea #: #–# (2019). The name E. obtusiflora has been applied to both an eastern Australian species and to a distantly-related species from Western Australia. We have re-examined the literature and type material of E. obtusiflora and conclude that the holotype was most likely collected on the west coast of Western Australia, possibly as part of the Baudin Expedition, and was certainly not collected by Sieber, with whom the type specimen has previously been associated.

The species included in the Blechnum vulcanicum group are all characterised by the presence of unique, minute, surface outgrowths on various aerial parts of a plant; these have previously in error been described as short hairs. However, these so-called ‘hairs’ are distinctive and consist of about 4 to 7 cells in a linear arrangement. The species of Blechnum that have this feature are here recognised as a new Section, Blechnum sect. Pilosa. The species Blechnum vulcanicum (Blume) Kuhn has been widely cited in taxonomic, floristic and ecological studies for Malesia, Australasia and Oceania, but shows much variation across this wide geographic range. The present study rejects this broad view and recognises a total of 14 species in this group. This includes four new species (Blechnum aequabile, B. basipilosum, B. humile and B. megavulcanicum), and three new combinations (Blechnum deltoides, B. feani, and B. tovii).

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Although leaves of Myrtaceae are easily identified to family level, very few studies have convincingly identified fossil Myrtaceae leaves to living genera. We used a broadly comparative approach with a large data set of extant taxa to confidently assign the mummified remains of myrtaceous leaves from early Miocene sediments at Kiandra (New South Wales, Australia) to a living genus. METHODS Fossils were identified using a nearest living relative approach, against a database of 232 extant broadleaf rainforest species of Myrtaceae. Leaf cuticles were prepared from 106 species, sourced from herbarium specimens as well as some living individuals, and a further 127 records were assembled from the literature. A set of simple but phylogenetically informative cuticular characters were observed, described, and recorded under both scanning electron microscopy and standard light microscopy. KEY RESULTS A new fossil species of Syzygium Gaertn. is described from mummified remains found in early Miocene (21.5-21.7 Ma) sediments. The fossil taxon is here named Syzygium christophelii sp. nov., in honor of the late Australian paleobotanist David Christophel. CONCLUSIONS These fossils represent some of the most confidently described Myrtaceae leaf fossils published to date and are the first and oldest described fossil record of Syzygium from Australia. While several fossil parataxa have been illustrated from New Zealand, and several fossil species of Syzygium have previously been proposed in the literature, many of these fossils lack characters for a confident diagnosis.

Premise of the Study: The capsular-fruited genus Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) is one of the most widely distributed flowering plant genera in the Pacific but is extinct in Australia today. The center of geographic origin for the genus and the reason for and timing of its extinction in Australia remain uncertain. We identify fossil Metrosideros fruits from the newly discovered Golden Fleece fossil flora in the Oligo-Miocene of Tasmania, Australia, shedding further light on these problems. Methods: Standard paleopalynological techniques were used to date the fossil-bearing sediments. Scanning electron microscopy and an auto-montage camera system were used to take high-resolution images of fossil and extant fruits taken from herbarium specimens. Fossils are identified using a nearestliving-relative approach. Key Results: The fossil-bearing sediments are palynostratigraphically dated as being Proteacidites tuberculatus Zone Equivalent (ca. 33-16 Ma) in age and provide a confident Oligo Miocene age for the macrofossils. Two new fossil species of Metrosideros are described and are here named Metrosideros dawsonii sp. nov. and Metrosideros wrightii sp. nov. Conclusions: These newly described fossil species of Metrosideros provide a second record of the genus in the Cenozoic of Australia, placing them in the late Early Oligocene to late Early Miocene. It is now apparent not only that Metrosideros was present in Australia, where the genus is now extinct, but that at least several Metrosideros species were present during the Cenozoic. These fossils further strengthen the case for an Australian origin of the genus.

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Phenotypic plasticity is an important means through which organisms cope with environmental variability. We investigated seedling plasticity in the green ash eucalypts within a phylogenetic framework to examine the relationship between plasticity and evolutionary history. The green ashes are a diverse group, which include the tallest flowering plant in the world (Eucalyptus regnans) and a rare mallee less than 1 m tall (E. cunninghamii). METHODS Seedlings of 12 species were exposed to high and low nutrient and water availability in a factorial experiment. Leaf trait and total plant plasticity were evaluated using the phenotypic plasticity index. A phylogeny of the species was estimated using genome-wide scans. KEY RESULTS We found significant differences in functional traits across species, growth forms, and substrates in response to changes in resource availability. Many traits (e.g., leaf width) were highly plastic for most species. Interspecific differences in leaf-level plasticity was significant, however plasticity was not correlated with phylogeny. Species with broader environmental niches had higher leaf-level plasticity than species with narrower environmental ranges. CONCLUSIONS Plastic responses to environmental variability can differ widely among closely related species, and plasticity is therefore likely to be associated with many factors, including habitat and range size, as well as evolutionary history. Our results provided insights for species delimitation in Eucalyptus, which have management implications. Because of the high number of rare species and that other species are commercially important, a more comprehensive understanding of plasticity is essential for predicting their response to changing climates.

A lectotype is here designated for Mimosa pubescens Vent., the basionym of the Australian species Acacia pubescens (Vent.) R.Br.

We investigated the phylogenetic affinities of the rare and threatened Indian species Meteoromyrtus wynadensis (Bedd.) Gamble. Sequences from the ITS and ETS regions of nrDNA and the trnK/matK and psbA–trnH regions of the plastid genome were compiled in a 45 taxon dataset augmented by sequences from Genbank. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony and Bayesian approaches showed that Meteoromyrtus is deeply embedded in Eugenia and sister to E. reinwardtiana in a clade with other Old World taxa. The evidence clearly indicates that the genus should be considered a synonym of Eugenia and that the species should henceforth be known by its original name E. wynadensis Bedd.

A new classification of Myrtaceae tribe Chamelaucieae DC., derived from a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nr ETS and cp trnK and atpB–rbcL spacer sequences, is presented. Eleven subtribes are recognised, eight of which are new. The currently accepted circumscriptions of subtribes Calytricinae Benth. and ‘Euchamelaucieae Benth.’ (nom. inval.) are retained, with the latter being formally published here as Chamelauciinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson. Subtribe Thryptomeninae Benth. is reduced in size by the creation of the new subtribes Alutinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson and Micromyrtinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson. Subtribe Baeckeinae Schauer is reduced to a single genus, with the excluded genera distributed in the new subtribes Astarteinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson, Hysterobaeckeinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson, Ochrospermatinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson, Rinziinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson and Stenostegiinae Rye & Peter G.Wilson. The history of recognition of the genera and subtribes of Chamelaucieae is outlined and supporting morphological evidence for the new classification discussed.

Two new species of Tristaniopsis (Myrtaceae) are described for Sabah: Tristaniopsis musa-amanii Berhaman & Peter G.Wilson and T. sam-mannanii Berhaman & Peter G.Wilson. Both species occur on ultramafic substrates.

Callistemon purpurascens SM Douglas, S David & P Wilson is described from the Blue Mountains region in Central Tablelands Botanical Division of New South Wales, Australia. The conservation status of this taxon is considered with the conclusion that it should be assessed as Critically Endangered under both state and Commonwealth legislation.

A reassessment of specimens of Haloragis exalata subsp. exalata from near Geehi, in Kosciuszko National Park, revealed that they were consistently different from typical examples of that taxon in stem, leaf and indumentum characters. It is here concluded that this population merits recognition at specific rank, a conclusion that is strongly supported by preliminary DNA sequence analysis. The species is named Haloragis milesiae in honour of the discoverer of the population.

Four new species of Camellia L. (Theaceae) are described from Vietnam: C. duyana Orel, Curry & Luu, C. ligustrina Orel, Curry & Luu, C. bugiamapensis Orel, Curry, Luu & Q. D. Nguyen, and C. capitata Orel, Curry & Luu. The new taxa were collected from the Da Lat Plateau and the Lang Biang Massif phytogeographic region in southern Vietnam. The new finds are morphologically dissimilar to known Camellia species, and for two species, the new sections Camellia sect. Capitatae Orel and Camellia sect. Pierrea Orel are established. These species are endemic to the montane temperate or to the lowland tropical rainforests of Vietnam.

Typification of seven species and two varieties in Indigofera is considered. All relevant specimens are discussed and lectotypes designated for seven taxa, including five currently accepted species. Typification is clarified for a further two names.

Two species of Camellia L. (Theaceae) are described here as new: C. curryana and C. longii. The new species were discovered in the southern Annamite Mountains of Vietnam and are endemic to tropical rainforest remnants that occur at altitudes between 1500 and 1700 m a.s.l. Camellia curryana possesses almost sessile, unevenly circular, two whorled, white-cream and proximally yellowish flowers, proximally joined outer stamens, three styles and mature fruit that dehisces into three parts, or longitudinally into two halves. Camellia longii has campanulate or almost campanulate, intensely dark orange to red flowers with uneven whitish margins, 5–6 petals and 3–2 petaloids, filaments that are united with the petals and one another, a diamond shaped ovary and compound 5–6 styles that are connate at the base.

Orel G., Wilson P. G., Curry A. S. & Luu H. T.: Two new species of Polyspora (Theaceae) from Vietnam and new combinations for some Asian species. — Willdenowia 43: 301–308. December 2013. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2013 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.43.43210 Two new species of Theaceae from Vietnam, Polyspora nivea and P. ampla, are described and illustrated. Although showing close affinities with other Vietnamese species of Polyspora, the new taxa possess a number of fundamental morphological dissimilarities, which are here evaluated and discussed. The morphological evidence for the two new taxa supports taxonomic placement in the genus Polyspora. In addition, 23 new combinations are made for Asian species of Polyspora.

The new species Camellia oconoriana Orel, Curry & Luu (Theaceae), endemic to Lam Dong Province, Vietnam, is described and illustrated. It is compared to Camellia species in sections Archaecamellia, Stereocarpus, Piquetia and Chrysantha. Morphological evidence supports a transitional placement in Camellia sect. Chrysantha ser. Chrysanthae.

Two new species of Indigofera are described from western Queensland, one of which also extends into the Northern Territory. Indigofera erubescens Peter G. Wilson & Rowe, is a species sometimes confused with I. brevidens and, to a lesser extent, I. helmsii but readily distinguished from both by its rather small, red flowers; Indigofera queenslandica Peter G. Wilson & Rowe, is a species superficially similar in parts of its range to I. leucotricha in having a rather dense, greyish indumentum. Both species are illustrated and their conservation status discussed.

A new species of Camellia (Theaceae), C. cherryana Orel, endemic to the Sichuan-Yunnan border region, the People's Republic of China, is described and illustrated. It has variably sized, slightly coriaceous, elliptic to lanceolate leaves with a strongly acuminate apex and cuneate base; the adaxial leaf surface is glabrous and slightly pitted, mid-green and shiny, the abaxial leaf surface is sparsely pubescent, light green and shiny; the flowers are solitary, pedicellate, 5–7 cm in diam.; the corolla is two-whorled, white and the petals are soft, opaque to translucent, orbicular or almost orbicular, widely reflexed with undulate margins; the filaments are glabrous, up to 1.5 cm long, but mostly shorter; the styles are three, brown, densely pubescent, 1–1.2 cm long, basally joined but otherwise free; and the stigma is of the same colour, indistinct. The morphological evidence supports a placement in Camellia sect. Heterogena.

A new species of Camellia L. (Theaceae) from Vietnam, C. inusitata Orel, Curry & Luu, is described, illustrated and compared with six Camellia species from sections Thea (L.) Dyer, Corallina Sealy and Paracamellia Sealy. Reproductive morphology and molecular evidence supports taxonomic placement in the genus Camellia but the vegetative morphology is so distinct that a new section, Camellia sect. Bidoupia Orel, Curry & Luu, is established.

A new species of the genus Camellia L. (Theaceae, Theoideae) is described and illustrated under the name C. cattienensis. This species occurs in the rainforest vegetation of Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. A discussion of the morphological characters distinguishing this new species from related Camellia species is presented. Morphological evidence supports a transitional taxonomic placement in Camellia sect. Archaecamellia Sealy. This placement is justified by C. cattienensis exhibiting some morphological characteristics also found in sects Stereocarpus (Pierre) Sealy and Piquetia (Pierre) Sealy.

The monophyly of the genus Rhodomyrtus (Myrtaceae) was tested using data from morphology and the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions (ITS-1, ITS-2) and 5.8S gene. Representative species from baccate genera hypothesized to be closely related to Rhodomyrtus were included, such as Archirhodomyrtus, Octamyrtus, Knnakomyrtus, and some genera believed to be more distantly related, including Rhodamnia, Decaspermum, Pilidiostigma, and Myrtastrum. Up to four capsular-fruited outgroup species were used to root the trees (Heteropyxis natalensis, Carpolepis tardiflora, Lophostemon confertus, and Metrosideros rotundifolia). Morphological data using neighbor joining scattered species of Rhodomyrtus across several branches but generally recovered genera other than Rhodomyrtus. Using parsimony, the morphological data analysis also rejected the monophyly of Rhodomyrtus and resulted in consensus trees with relatively low resolution and bootstrap support. Based on traditionally recognized generic boundaries, results from...

A new species of Camellia L. (Theaceae), C. maiana Orel, endemic to the Da Lat Plateau in southern Vietnam, is described and illustrated. The newly described species has variable-sized, ovate to obovate leaves; 2-whorled, terminal, sessile flowers exhibiting emarginate, opaque to translucently white, finely textured petals; a compound style consisting of four parts that are fused at the base; persistent bracteoles; and a superior 4-chambered ovary. The morphological evidence supports taxonomic placement as a transitional member of Camellia sect. Stereocarpus (Pierre) Sealy.

BasedontheevidencethatthegenusAcaciasens.�lat.�ispolyphyleticandtheacceptancethat� themajorgroupswarrantgenericstatus,� andbecausethenameAcaciahasbeenconserved� withanewtype,�thefollowingnewcombinationsinVachelliaWight�&�Arn.�arenecessaryfor� AustraliantaxaformerlyincludedinAcaciasubg.�Acacia:�Vachellia bidwillii (Benth.)�Kodela,� V. clarksoniana� (Pedley)� Kodela,� V. ditricha� (Pedley)� Kodela,� V. douglasica� (Pedley)� Kodela,� V. pachyphloia�(W.Fitzg.)�KodelaandV. pachyphloiasubsp.�brevipinnula�(Tindale�&�Kodela)� Kodela,�V. pallidifolia�(Tindale)�Kodela,�V. suberosa�(A.Cunn.�exBenth.)�Kodela,�V. sutherlandii (F.Muell.)�Kodela,�andV. valida�(Tindale�&�Kodela)�Kodela.�Vachellia farnesiana�(L.)�Wight�&� Arn.,�apre-EuropeanintroductiontoAustralia,�haspreviouslybeentransferredtothegenus.� Acacia nilotica�(L.)�Delilehasbeenleftfortheattentionofotherresearchersmorefamiliarwith� thistaxon,�itssynonymyanditsvarioussubspecies.

A new species, Haloragodendron gibsonii, is described from the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales. This taxon has always been recognised as being close to H. lucasii, a species restricted to the Ku-Ring-gai area of Sydney, but its rank has been uncertain. Relationships within the genus in eastern Australia have now been assessed using molecular data and these support recognition of the Blue Mountains plants as a distinct species.

The two varieties of Indigofera pratensis described by Karel Domin are reassessed. Indigofera pratensis var. coriacea is distinct from the widespread Indigofera pratensis sens. str. in a number of reproductive and vegetative characters and is here raised to specific rank as Indigofera scabrella. Indigofera pratensis var. angustifoliola is judged to be an environmental or rare geographic variant of Indigofera pratensis sens. str. and not worthy of continued recognition. Lectotypes are designated for both names.

A phylogenetic study of selected fleshy-fruited genera of the Myrtaceae was conducted using sequences from the ITS region of nuclear DNA and the psbA-trnH region of plastid DNA. Studies to date have suggested that the fleshy-fruited state has arisen on several occasions in the Myrtaceae. The previously accepted and predominantly Neotropical tribe Myrteae has traditionally been divided into three groups, the subtribes Myrtinae, Eugeniinae and Myrciinae. This subtribal arrangement is analysed in detail here for the first time. The monophyly of the tribe and subtribes are tested and relationships of the genera within them, in particular those of the Myrciinae and anomalous genera sometimes associated with it, are discussed. Combined analyses of these two DNA regions revealed 40 shortest trees, all of which resolve Myrteae (excluding the Acmena group) as monophyletic. Myrciinae appears to be monophyletic whereas Myrtinae and Eugeniinae appear polyphyletic. The phylogenetic positions and relationships of the anomalous genera Myrceugenia,Luma and Blepharocalyx are unclear, but Myrceugenia is never included within the Myrciinae s.str. A Myrciinae s.str. clade emerges within which Myrcia,Calyptranthes and Marlierea appear polyphyletic. Clades emerge, however, that may reflect some natural groupings within the subtribe.

Taxonomic revisions of the genera Ackama and Caldcluvia have left one taxon without a current validly published name under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN, McNeill et al. 2012), and the new combination Ackama paniculosa is made.

Some of the most interesting but still most contentious disjunct biogeographical distributions involve Southern Hemisphere tropical and warm temperate families. The PHMV clade of Myrtales includes four families (Psiloxylaceae, Heteropyxidaceae, Myrtaceae, and Vochysiaceae) that exhibit a number of these biogeographical patterns. The related Psiloxylaceae and Heteropyxidaceae are small families restricted in distribution to the recent volcanic Mascarene Islands to the east of Madagascar and to southeast Africa, respectively. Myrtaceae are found on three major Gondwanan regions (South America, Australasia, and Africa). Because the New World taxa are almost exclusively fleshy fruited, it is unclear whether the family distribution is a classic Gondwanan vicariance pattern or results from one or more long‐distance dispersal events over ocean barriers. The Vochysiaceae represent one of a handful of families with amphi‐Atlantic distributions vigorously argued to support both long‐distance dispersal over the Atla...

A new genus and species in the eucalypt group of the Myrtaceae is described. Stockwellia quadrifida D.J. Carr, S.G.M. Carr & B.Hyland gen. et sp. nov. is a rainforest tree of restricted distribution on the Atherton Tableland, North Queensland, Australia. Molecular data suggest that it is the sister taxon to Eucalyptopsis and this is supported by morphological characters. The prolonged hypanthium and reduced perianth appear to be synapomorphies for these two genera and the circumscissile hypanthium a synapomorphy shared with Allosyncarpia. Stockwellia differs from Eucalyptopsis by the distinct, albeit reduced, perianth and the hypanthium splitting into four segments at anthesis. The relationship of these two genera indicates an historical biogeographical link between New Guinea and the Queensland wet tropics region. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 139, 415–421.

Cladistic analyses are presented of matK sequence data as well as a nonmolecular database for an identical set of exemplar species chosen to represent the core genera or groups of genera in Myrtaceae. Eleven robust clades are recognized on the molecular data. Polyphyly of the previously recognized Metrosideros and Leptospermum alliances is confirmed, and several smaller informal taxonomic groupings are recognized from among the members of the former alliance, i.e., the Tristania, Tristaniopsis, Metrosideros, and Lophostemon groups. The nonmolecular analysis provides only limited resolution of relationships. A degree of congruence exists between the two analyses in that two separate fleshy-fruited clades, the Acmena and Myrtoid groups, are identified, as are the Eucalypt and Tristania groups, and Psiloxylon and Heteropyxis are the first lineages to diverge in both analyses. A combined analysis recognized all 11 clades that received strong support from the molecular data. A high level of homoplasy is revealed in many of the nonmolecular characters when they are examined against the combined estimate of phylogeny.

Summary. The type specimen of Metrosideros regelii is discussed. It contains a mixture of two species, representing different genera, and a lectotype is chosen. The generic position of the species is considered in the light of morphology and recent molecular evidence and the new combination, Mearnsia regelii, made.

The exotic rust fungus Puccinia psidii sensu lato was first detected in Australia in April 2010. This study aimed to determine the host-range potential of this accession of the rust by testing its pathogenicity on plants of 122 taxa, representative of the 15 tribes of the subfamily Myrtoideae in the family Myrtaceae. Each taxon was tested in two separate trials (unless indicated otherwise) that comprised up to five replicates per taxon and six replicates of a positive control (Syzygium jambos). No visible symptoms were observed on the following four taxa in either trial: Eucalyptus grandis×camaldulensis, E. moluccana, Lophostemon confertus and Sannantha angusta. Only small chlorotic or necrotic flecks without any uredinia (rust fruiting bodies) were observed on inoculated leaves of seven other taxa (Acca sellowiana, Corymbia calophylla ‘Rosea’, Lophostemon suaveolens, Psidium cattleyanum, P. guajava ‘Hawaiian’ and ‘Indian’, Syzygium unipunctatum). Fully-developed uredinia were observed on all replicates across both trials of 28 taxa from 8 tribes belonging to the following 17 genera: Agonis, Austromyrtus, Beaufortia, Callistemon, Calothamnus, Chamelaucium, Darwinia, Eucalyptus, Gossia, Kunzea, Leptospermum, Melaleuca, Metrosideros, Syzygium, Thryptomene, Tristania, Verticordia. In contrast, the remaining 83 taxa inoculated, including the majority of Corymbia and Eucalyptus species, developed a broad range of symptoms, often across the full spectrum, from fully-developed uredinia to no visible symptoms. These results were encouraging as they indicate that some levels of genetic resistance to the rust possibly exist in these taxa. Overall, our results indicated no apparent association between the presence or absence of disease symptoms and the phylogenetic relatedness of taxa. It is most likely that the majority of the thousands of Myrtaceae species found in Australia have the potential to become infected to some degree by the rust, although this wide host range may not be fully realized in the field.

Otto Kuntze is known for making many new combinations, mostly spurious, in his Revisio Genera Plantarum. For species of Indigofera, these new names were published under the pre-Linnaean generic name Anila Ludw., validated by Kuntze himself in 1891. In his treatment of this group, however, Kuntze also proposed a number of nomina nova that seem largely to have been overlooked. These names are not themselves illegitimate according to Art. 55.1 of the St. Louis Code (Greuter & al., 2000) and their epithets are to be taken into consideration for purposes of priority. There were seven nomina nova proposed; three new combinations, all for Indian taxa, are required based on some of these. One adjustment to the author citation of an African species is also required. The Nomenclature Section of the Tokyo Congress resolved, that well established names should not be changed for purely nomenclatural reasons by resurrection of long-forgotten names (see p. xiv of the Tokyo Code). However, none of the names being replaced can be considered well established; they do not appear in any widely available floras and two of them have been changed within the past 25 years. The names that should now be applied to the seven taxa are outlined below.

We discuss typification and present other nomenclatural notes for 44 taxa of Indian Myrtaceae. Lectotypes are designated for 28 species plus 6 synonyms in Syzygium and 6 species in Eugenia. A new combination, Syzygium coarctatum, and new synonyms of Syzygium bifarium and Syzygium stocksii are also recognised.