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Haplodontium zangiiX.R.Wang & J.C.Zhao, a new moss species from Xizang, China, is described and illustrated. Previously, specimens ofH. zangiihave been identified asMielichhoferia himalayanaMitt. However,H. zangiiis distinctly different fromM. himalayanain having excurrent costae with short awns (vslong denticulate awns), short-pyriform capsules, 0.8–1 mm (vslong-pyriform capsules, 2.5–3 mm), and densely papillose exostome teeth (vssmooth or vertically striped exostome teeth).Haplodontium zangiiis similar toH. macrocarpum(Hook.) J.R.Spence, which was traditionally placed inMielichhoferiaNees & Hornsch. asM. macrocarpa(Hook.) Bruch & Schimp. The main differences betweenH. zangiiandH. macrocarpumare in the morphology of the leaves, capsules, guide cells, and stomata.Mielichhoferia himalayanaand another Chinese species ofMielichhoferia,M. sinensisDix., are also transferred toHaplodontiumHampe, a new genus in the bryoflora of China, asH. himalayanum(Mitt.) X.R.Wang & J.C.Zhao andH. sinensis(Dix.) X.R.Wang & J.C.Zhao. A morphological comparison and a key to the three species ofHaplodontiumin China as well as toH. macrocarpum, a species that is likely to be found in China, are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with the attenuated total reflectance technique was used to identify Rhodobryum roseum from its four adulterants. The FTIR spectra of six samples in the range from 4000 cm−1 to 600 cm−1 were obtained. The second-derivative transformation test was used to identify the small and nearby absorption peaks. A cluster analysis was performed to classify the spectra in a dendrogram based on the spectral similarity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to classify the species of six moss samples. A cluster analysis with PCA was used to identify different genera. However, some species of the same genus exhibited highly similar chemical components and FTIR spectra. Fourier self-deconvolution and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) were used to enhance the differences among the species with similar chemical components and FTIR spectra. Three scales were selected as the feature-extracting space in the DWT domain. The results show that FTIR spectroscopy with chemometrics is suitable for identifying Rhodobryum roseum and its adulterants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming has created opportunities and challenges for the survival and development of species. Determining how climate change may impact multiple ecosystem levels and lead to various species adaptations is necessary for both biodiversity conservation and sustainable biological resource utilization. In this study, we employed Maxent to predict changes in the habitat range and altitude of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. under current and future climate scenarios in China. Four representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5) were modeled for two time periods (2050 and 2070). The model inputs included 732 presence points and nine sets of environmental variables under the current conditions and the four RCPs in 2050 and 2070. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate model performance. All of the AUCs were greater than 0.80, thereby placing these models in the “very good” category. Using a jackknife analysis, the precipitation in the warmest quarter, annual mean temperature, and altitude were found to be the top three variables that affect the range of P. tenuifolia. Additionally, we found that the predicted highly suitable habitat was in reasonable agreement with its actual distribution. Furthermore, the highly suitable habitat area was slowly reduced over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]