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Marginal farm land is land characterised by low food, feed and fodder crop productivity due to soil and environmental limitations. Such land may however be utilised for bio-energy crop production. We investigate the economic viability of small scale combined heat and power anaerobic digestion (CHP AD) projects based on feedstock from farm waste and bio-energy crops grown on a representative temperate latitude marginal farm land in the UK. Using a realistic set of five project feedstock-mix scenarios, and considering standard technology and current market and policy regimes, we deploy a stochastic framework to assess prices of electricity required for these projects to break-even and conduct sensitivity analyses of key project parameters. Accounting for the current market prices and policy tariffs for heat, we find that critical electricity sale prices of about 17.46 p/kWh to 27.12 p/kWh are needed for the projects to break even. These prices are well above the current combined feed-in-tariff support and market prices for electricity over the past years in the UK.We conclude that the use of marginal land to generate power for export using small-scale CHP AD in the UK and the wider temperate latitude countries is unviable, if energy and farming policy regimes do not provide substantial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The farming sector is a major actor in developing renewable energy, providing sites, feedstock and investment. Media coverage can both drive and reflect levels of interest in renewable energy, and affect policy support and farmer decision-making about deployment. This paper presents a content analysis of attention to renewable energy in the British farming press from 1980 to 2013, identifying the topics which sparked sustained media interest. Cycles of increased attention to specific types of renewable energy are made evident through quantification of article frequencies and qualitative analysis of content. The findings contribute to the explanation of the role of information in the diffusion of renewable energy. Wind energy and liquid biofuels have received the most attention, with multiple attention cycles, whereas photovoltaics and anaerobic digestion have received focused attention only in recent years. Policy changes, particularly support measures, emerge as the most important driver of media attention, although public controversies, particularly in relation to wind energy, lead to longer periods of attention. Attention typically increases when opportunities in renewable energy emerge and then quickly shifts to a longer stage of focused attention, in which opportunities, problems and solutions are explored and advice is offered, before attention declines. The media thus clearly play a role in informing farmers about opportunities arising in relation to renewable energy technology and policy developments, but are less helpful in providing on-going and consistent information about recurrent and more complex problems. Thus the farming press appears likely to have the strongest impact on ‘early adopters’ of renewable technologies, but is unlikely to contribute to diffusion at later stages, when potential adopters are less willing to bear uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]