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Copyright of Revista General de Información y Documentación is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of this research focuses on studying the political discourse of the 75 candidates who participated in the Spanish regional elections held on May 28, 2023, in twelve autonomous communities. The aim is to determine the possible alignment or disconnection of the political agenda of these regional candidates with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the UN in the 2030 Agenda. These global goals are key elements of sustainable communication and responsible leadership, as they are focused on overcoming the multiple global challenges humanity faces today. To achieve this goal, a mixed methodology was chosen, consisting of a quantitative analysis, of a descriptive nature, and a discourse analysis -- qualitative method. The FanPage Karma tool allowed monitoring a total of 190 official accounts of regional candidates on Facebook, X, Instagram, and TikTok. After eliminating duplicates and selecting only those posts that explicitly mentioned the SDGs, the sample consisted of a total of n=1,523 unique messages, which were processed with MeaningCloud for sentiment analysis. The results show that most posts focus on decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11), and global partnerships (SDG 17). On the other hand, hunger (SDG 2), health and well-being (SDG 3), and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) are the least visible topics. The most proactive politicians in sustainable communication were Pablo Zuloaga, the PSOE candidate for the Parliament of Cantabria, and Juan Lobato, the PSOE candidate for the Assembly of Madrid. In contrast, Leticia Díaz, Vox's candidate for the Parliament of Cantabria, and Alejandra Jacinto, Podemos' candidate for the Assembly of Madrid, were the least proactive. In conclusion, although fewer than half of the messages from regional candidates mention the 2030 Agenda, sustainable messages related to governance, transparency, or social policies generate much more engagement than those related to environmental policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Temas de Comunicacion is the property of Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Catolica Andres Bello (UCAB) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Derived from the reform to the Mexican Political Constitution of 2019, all political parties nominated a similar number of men and women for the 15 governorships in competition in 2021. The article presents a quantitative content analysis carried out on N=2450 news from 18 media of written press about the campaigns of these elections. The purpose was to record if there were differences in the journalistic approach of male and female candidates. For this, the analysis included: the presence of the issue and strategic game frames related to the gender of the candidate, the differences between feminine and masculine topics, and the differences between the types of strategic game frames (horse-race, strategic, conflict, and human interest). The findings show that the women candidates had less coverage in the issue frame, but without significant differences in terms of the type of issue. Concerning the strategic game, the conflict frame was linked to men, and the horse-race frame to women. It is concluded that the proposals of the female candidates had less projection than those of the male candidates, which translates into less opportunity to offer inputs to the citizens to vote for a woman. Likewise, it was registered that the candidacies of the women were at constant risk due to the judicial complaints of an electoral nature that were presented. Finally, the journalistic pieces narrated the women accompanied by someone else, which seems to give the intention that their candidacies were of co-responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media currently occupy an increasingly central communicative space during electoral campaigns. Specifically, Twitter is one of the leading platforms in digital political communication, as it offers an overview of the discursive lines and strategies of parties and candidates. This becomes even more important during the COVID-19, which makes impossible to hold a traditional campaign. This is the case of the regional elections for the Community of Madrid on 4 May 2021. This research analyses the Twitter campaign of the main parties: PP, Más Madrid, PSOE, Vox, Podemos and Ciudadanos. Through a quantitative content analysis, 1760 tweets are examined and its thematic agenda, functions, emotions, COVID-19 and references to the candidates are studied. The results indicate the predominance of the Game Frame in the thematic agenda, combined with the criticism of the opponent as the main strategy. Negative emotions take a central place and COVID-19 is used as a political element during the campaign, with the PP candidate, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, as the protagonist of the campaign. Finally, the references to the candidates suggest a communicative strategy in a national key to attack political rivals, particularly the Spanish Prime Minister. Overall, this campaign opens a new communication strategy on Twitter that we have called digital negativity and that is based on the attack on political rivals as the main element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of the political instability shown by the calling of four general elections between 2015 and 2019, the populist party Vox gained parliamentary seats for the first time in a country that, thus far, had always remained outside of European trends. When populism, and especially the presence of far-right parties, are taken into account as a potential barometer of the health of representative politics, it is paramount to understand how these organizations build their discourses and spread them on social media. To identify the main ideas that guided Vox's online campaign and how its community is defined, we analyzed both the morphology of the community (n1 = 1,674,681) and discourses on Twitter during the two 2019 campaign periods. The samples used (n2 = 511, n3 = 746) are made up of all the tweets posted by Vox, its presidential candidate Santiago Abascal, and the main profiles of the online community. We used critical metaphor analysis, which allows us to qualitatively approach the content of the messages and establish whether the characteristic features of populist political communication are present. The results show that, in both campaigns, the organization's strategy was developed from the metaphorical frames of "the progressive dictatorship" as opposed to "living Spain/tradesmen/the Spain of common sense," threatened by "wild immigrants," "coup plotters," and "fake media." This framework was partially distributed among its online community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to apply a gender perspective to reflect on political leadership and the communication style deployed on Twitter (1078 tweets) during Andalusia's 2018 electoral campaign. By means of quantitative content analysis, we examine possible gender gaps. The data collected show that women politicians display a particular communicative style and are more visible on social media, putting women's issues on the agenda and employing a strong, personalistic leadership style close to party organizations in their territories. Further analysis is possible, exploring whether our framework of analysis and conclusions for regional elections in Andalusia can be transferred or can explain similar dynamics in other realities or whether, in contrast, institutional or contextual variables define the political communications of leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the use of Twitter by the candidates for the presidency of the Government of Spain of the five main parties at the national level -PSOE, PP, Vox, Podemos and Ciudadanos- of the general elections campaigns held in April and November 2019. The main purpose of our study is to determine the strategies used of the microblogging network by the leaders, both in terms of activity, interaction and notoriety and in terms of topics and discursive development, as well as their similarities and differences. The secondary objective is to study the evolution of these strategies both between the two campaigns and with respect to previous elections. To this end, the research is based on a content analysis methodology that studies quantitative, qualitative and discursive elements. The results reveal an uneven use of Twitter in terms of the frequency of updates, but similar in terms of its unidirectionality, with scarce interaction with other users and a predominance of tweets with their own content over retweets. The dissemination of other people's content was used almost entirely to promote the candidate's political party and, to a lesser extent, to interact with journalists. Dialogue with citizens was almost always residual, both in retweets and in responses. This utilitarian conception of the microblogging network was accompanied by a polarizing thematic selection, with an almost general preponderance of political issues over policy issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the evolution of the electoral use of Instagram in Spain, from its origins as a political communication channel to its current consolidation. A content analysis of eleven variables is applied to the formal, spatial, personal, thematic-discursive and interactive dimensions of the activity carried out on this social network by the candidates for the presidency of the Spanish Government of the parties that ran with the highest vote expectations in the General Elections of December 2015, June 2016 and April and November 2019 (571 posts). The results show the consolidation of Instagram as a political communication tool and the growing interest of the parties in it, as well as the increasing importance of short videos as a format. The electoral use of this social network is carried out with an increasingly mobilising intention, as evidenced both by the themes chosen and, above all, by the purpose of the publications, the spatial context represented and the hashtags used. The growing characterisation of candidates as leaders of the masses is also evidence of the personalisation of political leadership that occurs in this medium during electoral campaigns. Finally, the phenomenon of polarisation and the presence of populist stylistic traits are also beginning to be noticeable, as reflected in the increase in political issues and negative emotional appeals in the messages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper carries out a theoretical examination of the different uses of emotions in campaigns, the main tools to activate them and the effects of emotional political communication on the electorate. Emotions cannot change entrenched electoral preferences, but they can create climates of opinion that may guide competition. Assuming the prominent role of emotions, a classification system for their use is proposed into four major campaign models: outrage campaigns, fear campaigns, positive change-oriented campaigns and identity campaigns appealing to feelings of collective belonging. Together with this classification, a theoretical approach is offered on the way how emotions appear in the campaign, the strategic purpose for their incorporation, and the main emotions that parties and candidates seek to activate. To do so, a selection of exemplary cases is used to allow to visualize in a concrete way the proposed concepts. Finally, and delving into the dilemma between emotion and reason, the limitations of emotions are raised while, at the same time, their prominence in some recent political phenomena of greatest impact is recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies the electoral use of the blogosphere, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram by the Spanish politicians during the last decade. The objective is to verify the evolution of their presence in these channels, both in a simple and multiplatform way, as well as their activity and popularity in each of them. The research applies a quantitative analysis to a corpus formed by the leaders of the lists of candidates to the Congress of Deputies presented in all the electoral districts by the parties with the highest voting expectations in the General Elections of November 2011 (PP and PSOE), December 2015 (PP, PSOE, Podemos and Ciudadanos) and April 2019 (PSOE, PP, Ciudadanos, Unidas Podemos and Vox). The results show the fall of blogs, the decline of Facebook, the generalization of Twitter and the progressive popularization of Instagram as platforms for political communication in elections. They also show that the digital adaptation of the politicians is still incomplete, with the majority of candidates updating one or no social media channels, as opposed to those publishing in two or three of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Index.Comunicación is the property of Index.comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Studies on gender stereotypes have focused on both commercial and political advertising, especially in election campaigns where it is suggested that these perceptions arise from the social environment and remain a reflection of culture and history preserving social norms. The present study seeks, through a quantitative content analysis, to identify the gender stereotypes used in the political spots broadcast during the campaigns of various Mexican electoral processes in 2018, its projection and differences according to the gender of the person who appeared as a female candidate or male candidate. The research indicates that the stereotypes most used are the most favorable with respect to women (modern and fighter-transgressor) although those who had a greater exposure in media were those referring to sensual woman and fragile or subdued woman. Positive stereotypes were more prevalent in the advertising of women candidates, while negative stereotypes were more often found in generic spots usually produced by the parties themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Políticas y Sociológicas (RIPS) is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ad-minister is the property of Universidad EAFIT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, Instagram as a social network for photo exchange has become an important channel in the communication strategies of political actors at both the national and international level. This article studies Instagram from a differential perspective from previous studies by analyzing the strategic management of the photo-text binomial on this social network within the context of political communication. The methodological design of this research consists of a quantitative approach based on content analysis. Relying on a model of analysis developed by us, we revised three categories associated with the central parameters of the photographic image, the text, and their interrelationship during the campaign for the Spanish election of 28 April (dated between the 12 and 26 April 2019, both inclusive). The selection of this period is due to the belief that this is a key moment in the political sphere because it invoked great social interest and information consumption and, consequently, greater concern from the parties about the strategic communication of their political actions. The sample comprised 314 posts published by the five main Spanish parties and their respective leaders, candidates for the Government's Presidency. The results reveal that complementarity dominates as the main form of interaction between the two components (image and text), albeit with a significant presence of problematic interaction types such as redundancy or independence. Despite the progressive professionalization of the political use of social networks, it was found that the potentially effective use of the verbal-icon tandem is not currently applied on Instagram as a strategic approach for political communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Austral Comunicacion is the property of Austral Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social media have become an essential means of transmitting information and have transformed the concept of political communication, enabling new audiences to easily select any topic. This has allowed both public and private television networks to provide multiscreen coverage of electoral campaigns while encouraging conversation and debate among users. The content of RTVE's social networks before, during, and after the televised electoral debate on 4 November 2019 (before the general election of 10 November 2019) was analyzed. The presence of conversation and interaction among the audiences was also examined, namely that originating from the general Facebook and Twitter accounts of RTVE's social media (La 1 de TVE, La 2 de TVE, RTVE, Canal 24 Horas, and TVE Internacional). Additionally, those showing specifically informative content (Telediario de TVE and Los desayunos de TVE) were also scrutinized. After extracting the publications, those that both related to the debate and generated significant user engagement were selected to compare the topics from the televised debate with other topics that were most widely featured on social media. The results revealed that much more content and a higher level of interest in the debate were found on Twitter accounts, while Facebook was the most neglected by the television station. The RTVE and Canal 24h channels topped the list for both social networks, as did the news broadcast on Twitter in terms of specific content related to the debate, compared with the general interest accounts owned by the television station. Furthermore, the irrelevance of the content broadcast on social media becomes apparent through the lack of dialog and interaction between the audience and accounts. Moreover, the marginal flow of "debate on debate" among the users is evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 2014 European elections, populist organizations have been gaining a share of power, as finally ratified by their voters in May 2019. In the case of France, the rise of National Rally (NR) is, partially, due to a change of its communication strategy. In particular, in its online strategy framework for the European elections, a total of 1,256 tweets published by its official Twitter account during the 15-day electoral campaigns in 2014 and 2019 have been analyzed. The results confirm a reconfiguration of its online communicative strategy and how this shift allowed the organization to create a closer link with its audience to increase and build loyalty among the number of users who could become NR voters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International literature demonstrates the influence of news media on the political attitudes and behaviors of citizens, stemming from the coverage and framing of politics. In the context of election campaigns, this news framing effect has usually been analyzed based on experimental designs, mainly through the manipulation of strategic game and issue frames. However, the need to conduct studies with greater realism has recently been raised, to increase the external validity and generalization of the findings. This approach, called experimental realism, seeks to link media content with opinion measurements to generate consumption indicators of certain types of news frames. Taking this procedure as a reference, this paper presents results on the impact of informative content consumption, focused on either the electoral strategy or programmatic proposals, in the development of the political engagement of citizens during the 2018 Mexican presidential campaign. The findings reveal an important effect of issue frame consumption on citizen political engagement according to all the measured indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Framing processes are one of the preferred objects of study in the area of Communication, despite the frequent criticism regarding their theoretical and methodological strength. This study follows the proposal of Matthes and Kohring (2008) of the detection of frames through statistical analysis of clusters that operationalize the components as defined by Entman (2003) using framing elements. This is applied to the study of the electoral campaign on Facebook of the main Spanish political parties in the election of 28 April 2019. All messages published on this social network during the 15 days of the electoral campaign were captured automatically. The use of four large frames by the parties was detected, corresponding to events and political questions, request for vote, the rival party, and media treatment. The parties used these frames to different degrees: from the institutional and positive campaign of the PSOE, to the campaign aimed at criticizing the ruling party of the main opposition party, the PP, through the inclination towards media treatment of Unidas Podemos, or a focus on their own events and proposals by Ciudadanos and Vox. A negative correlation was detected between the frames most used by the political formations as a whole and the level of user engagement on Facebook, although the use of frames by PSOE and Unidas Podemos showed a greater parallelism with the levels of interaction in this social network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Politicos (01215167) is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work describes the impact of the communicative frames employed by electoral candidates, in the credibility attributed to them by Young voters; and the role in it of two debates for the Spanish general elections of 2015 and 2016. Polls were revised, and descriptive analyses of both political advertising and debates were performed. To explore perceived credibility, two focus groups were conducted with young actuants. Finally, several content analyses were practized on the tweets of the candidates, whose conflict frames got the voters tired. However, for young people, then incumbent president Mariano Rajoy looked more credible due to his naturalness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Instagram as a social network for photo exchange has become an important channel in the communication strategies of political actors at both the national and international level. This article studies Instagram from a differential perspective from previous studies by analyzing the strategic management of the photo-text binomial on this social network within the context of political communication. The methodological design of this research consists of a quantitative approach based on content analysis. Relying on a model of analysis developed by us, we revised three categories associated with the central parameters of the photographic image, the text, and their interrelationship during the campaign for the Spanish election of 28 April (dated between the 12 and 26 April 2019, both inclusive). The selection of this period is due to the belief that this is a key moment in the political sphere because it invoked great social interest and information consumption and, consequently, greater concern from the parties about the strategic communication of their political actions. The sample comprised 314 posts published by the five main Spanish parties and their respective leaders, candidates for the Government’s Presidency. The results reveal that complementarity dominates as the main form of interaction between the two components (image and text), albeit with a significant presence of problematic interaction types such as redundancy or independence. Despite the progressive professionalization of the political use of social networks, it was found that the potentially effective use of the verbal–icon tandem is not currently applied on Instagram as a strategic approach for political communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research analyzes candidates and political parties electoral campaign on Twitter that have obtained greater parliamentary representation in the general elections held in April 2019 in Spain. The main objective of this work is to analyze the influence of the electoral debates in the publications of the candidates and political parties on Twitter, to find out if they have a greater impact and enhance social discourse. We also aim to determine what type of messages and strategies have greatest impact on Twitter. The methodology used to achieve these goals was a quantitative, qualitative, explanatory and cross-sectional content analysis. To carry it out, a sample composed by 745 tweets was selected from those that reached more than 500 retweets, published by parties (PSOE, PP, Ciudadanos, Unidos Podemos and Vox) and candidates (Pedro Sánchez, Pablo Casado, Albert Rivera, Pablo Iglesias and Santiago Abascal) during the election campaign (21A).The results suggest that televised debates act as true catalysts for social conversation, so the publications made by both, the parties and the candidates themselves, during the television broadcast of these events achieve a greater impact among followers, than those that are not linked to such events. Likewise, it is demonstrated that parties and candidates born in the heyday of social media, get a greater diffusion of their messages, because they have optimized their strategies in social networks, something that have not yet been achieved by the formations accustomed to conventional mass media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study and implementation of the electoral campaigns in Chile and latin america is giving its first steps, so that the development of profesionals in the área and the analysis of the planification processlacks of the relevance that should have. In this paper it will report the results of a qualitative research, that analyzed the relevance that have the different stages of the strategic process of planning an electoral campaign and its impact in the final results of the first round of the 2017 chilean presidential campaign, specifically the cases of the candidates Marco Enríquez-Ominami, Alejandro Guillier, Alejandro Navarro y Beatriz Sánchez. It was consulted through semi-structured interviews to the presidentials candidates, advisors and campaign managers, it were defined some key themes related to the planification procces of each campaign asociated to a candidacy. Thus, the analysis and tabulation process give us a interest comparative between the answers of the candidates and advisors, that confronted with theoretical contextualization, allow us to develop a battery of suggestions to revalue the profesional communicator figure and its role as advisor to obtain better political-electoral outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Correspondencias & Analisis is the property of Universidad de San Martin de Porres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social media has revolutionized political communication. It offers political parties a mass communication channel that lets them customize and create direct communication with citizens. This study analyses the posts of the main Spanish political parties on their Facebook pages during the 2015 general elections campaign. We quantitatively analyse the parties' frequency of publication on this social network and the content of their messages through a computerized content analysis. The results indicate that traditional and emergent parties manage their Facebook pages in distinct ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twitter has become an essential instrument in the communication strategies of political actors during electoral campaigns. However, it is necessary to improve the knowledge about its use. The aim of this piece of research is to analyse the interaction in the usage of Twitter by the four main candidates in Spanish 2016 general elections. The research method is a content analysis of 2,339 tweets published during the electoral campaign. The results show: 1) candidates do not interact with citizens, but their main use of Twitter is self-referential; 2) the strategic use of hybridization between new media and conventional media is patent; 3) a clear distinction between old and new parties is not possible regarding the management of Twitter accounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars from developing democracies, such as Mexico, used to consider every consolidated democracy as a paradigm guiding our general expectations. Every new legal amendment would have to match the best practices, internationally recognized on electoral matters. Suddenly, political communication model completely changed since the expansion of digital platforms (such as Facebook or Twitter). Those platforms have being overlapping traditional media: Television, printing press, radio or tv. New realities produced by the current Digital Revolution seem to approach these old hemispheres betwen them. Electoral conflicts in Latin America seem more and more interesting to democracies considered to be invulnerable. Then, even in those countries, judges must live their day to day working after overlapped rules, overshoot by times we're living in. Legislators realize the internet traffic cannot be regulated through traditional rules related with public liberties (such as free press and expression). Proliferation of discredit campaigns, better known as fake news, are approaching countries to encounter legal solutions beyond simple prohibitions. In this paper, the author describes some of these developpements, appealing to some aspects opening debate in order to approach the aftermentioned two hemispheres dividing old and new democracies. Many of those controversies, able to be submitted sooner or later to electoral judges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An indicator is proposed that measures the degree of professionalization of presidential campaigns in political systems where there is high personalization and low institutionalization of political parties. The professionalization of Colombia's 2014 presidential campaign is measured: describing both the organizational dimension and internal structure of the campaign, and the communication strategy used to persuade the voters. Dimensions and categories are established that show the development and evolution of the techniques used in the presidential campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persuasion is a communicative process in which the agent obtains the adhesion of the receiver and influences him/her; this process is particularly relevant in political communication during electoral periods. The persuasive techniques used on Facebook by the candidates of the main political parties (PP, PSOE, Podemos and, Ciudadanos) during the campaign for the general elections of June 2016 in Spain were analyzed. The research reveals that, of all the persuasive techniques envisaged by Roiz (1994), the most employed ones, by candidates to the presidency of the Government in Spain, were topic repetition, support in the preexisting attitudes, the adequacy of the subjects to specific publics, and exploitation of the psychic contagion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This proposal emerges from Sartori's postulate about the primacy of the image. On the basis of this initial idea, the transcendence of the visual image is acknowledged in the perception of the political scene. The objective is to apply this idea to the social network Instagram. We study the conjunction between visual and verbal framing in the content published by five candidates for the presidency of the Government of Spain; data retrieval began with the call for elections in 2015 and continued until the final inauguration session in October 2016. Our study aims to verify a hypothesis centered on the fact that leaders share videos and photographs to humanize their figure. Furthermore, the content analysis of 885 images reveals a growing process of celebrification of politicians active in Instagram, allowing for the discovery of dichotomies that operate in such a process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an overview of research about of Twitter in the field of political communication and also analyzes the main theoretical trends. It explores the development of the scientific research into Twitter, initiated after its appearance in 2006, and considers three main areas: first, the use of Twitter by political users (politicians, parties, media, and citizens); second, political debate on Twitter and its effects; and third, the innovations of strategy and use during electoral campaigns. Finally, some final considerations in this article highlight spaces to deepen the academic development of Twitter in relation to political communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although academic research has yielded mixed results, candidates and consultants are rational people whose experience persuades them that “going negative” can be an effective campaign strategy under the right circumstances. And they are almost certainly right, even if their evidence is more anecdotal than systematic. This article considers whether the impact of negative ads is moderated by perceptions of issue ownership, a factor that is known to affect the candidate preferences of some voters. Focusing on the attitudes of those who identify with the party of the targeted candidate, we examine the changes in support and favorability induced by four policy-based attacks against a hypothetical congressional incumbent seeking reelection. Results from an Internet survey experiment suggest that attacks are somewhat more effective among target co-partisans who do not believe that their party is more competent to handle the issue in question, especially when that issue is salient to the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the relevance of personalization in research in Political Communication, as well as other fields of study, there is a state of confusion in the literature on the concept. The main reason is that there is no consensus around a widely shared definition. In addition, the personalization of politics can be approached from different perspectives, corresponding to the main actors involved in the political processes, that is, the media system, the political system and the citizens. Consequently, the results and conclusions are varied and, even occasionally, disparate. Therefore, this lack of conceptual clarity represents a limitation for progressing in the study of personalization. Hence the aim of this research is to propose a definition serving as a reference for further studies on this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Políticas y Sociológicas (RIPS) is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last electoral campaigns, the use of Twitter has had a relevant role in the communication strategies posed by political actors. In the same way than other social network sites, Twitter promotes new dynamics of citizen participation in which the possibility of interaction and the two-way communication represent a substantive change to cast and disseminate the messages. The aim of this research is to analyse the features of the messages broadcast by political parties and leaders according to the interaction level of the users to know the differences and similarities between them and if there are any common pattern. With this purpose a content analysis is applied, whereby the features of the messages with greater level of interaction are analysed. The sample of this study is composed by 8,398 tweets published during the electoral campaign of 2015. The results show that users interact differently with the tweets broadcast by political parties and those broadcasted by leaders. Also it is observed that the inclusion of links in the messages does not condition the level of interaction, while the incorporation of hashtags and mentions decreases the possibilities of reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Analisi: Quaderns de Comunicacio i Cultura is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes the impact of media and campaign exposure on civic engagement in the 2012 Mexican presidential election, by carrying out multivariate statistical analyses of data from a national post-election survey on political culture and citizen practices. The results of the study are more consistent with the mobilisation theories than with theories of media malaise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Communication / Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación is the property of Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion / Mediterranean Journal of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)