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Considering the importance of developing a new analytical approach for pesticide residue detection for the sake of ensuring food safety, a β-cyclodextrin based molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared for selective determination of carbendazim. The polymers consist of a porous and hollow structure demonstrating the selective abundant adsorption sites for carbendazim molecule. The selectivity and adsorption capacity of the imprinted polymers were analyzed with dispersive solid-phase extraction and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet. The results of imprinted polymers were higher than non-imprinted polymers with the maximum adsorption capacity of 3.65 mg/g within 30 min of total adsorption time. The reusability of the imprinted polymers was determined to evaluate its effectiveness and stability, which proved that the polymers lost 10% efficiency within seven consecutive recycles. The developed method displayed good linearity over the concentration range of 0.05-2.0 mg/L. The recovery percentage of 81.33-97.23 with relative standard deviations of 1.49-4.66% was obtained from spiked apple, banana, orange, and peach samples with a limit of detection of 0.03 mg/L and a limit of quantification of 0.10 mg/L (signal to noise ratio = 3/10). The overall performance of the proposed method evident that this technique provided a desirable outcome and it can be used as a convenient approach, as it qualifies the analytical standards., (© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

This work demonstrates the synthesis and characterization of core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers based on surface imprinting using methacryloyl chloride as a functional monomer for the selective extraction of imidacloprid (template) from apple fruit. The characterization analysis results ensured the successful synthesis of the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers owing to their heterogeneous structure and good magnetic properties. An isothermal binding test was assessed with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the kinetic results fit well to the Freundlich isothermal model. The polymers exhibited an adsorption capacity of 5.75 mg/g for the target analyte with a good selective extraction ability. In addition, the polymers can be reused several times without significant performance loss. The molecularly imprinted polymers showed good performance in the analysis of spiked apple sample with a linear range of 0.05-1.0 mg/L, a limit of detection of 0.048 mg/L and a limit of quantification of 0.146 mg/L (S/N = 3/10). The recoveries of the samples were 77.66-96.57% and their respective relative standard deviations were 3.36-0.45%. All the results indicated that the proposed method provided good selective extraction, as qualifying the analytical standards., (© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are produced using molecular imprinting technology (MIT) and have specific analyte-binding abilities and unique properties, including chemical and thermal stability, reusability, high selectivity, and high sensitivity. The application of MIPs in the detection of pesticides represents an advance and a superior scientific approach owing to their detection and characterization of trace levels in comparison with other methods. In this review, we have summarized the pre-treatment extraction of pesticides with different types of molecularly imprinted polymer for the detection of single and multiple pesticides by elaborating upon their specific extraction efficiency. The importance of different polymerization methods, functional monomers and cross-linkers is highlighted. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of the application of MIPs in the detection of pesticides and recent advances in the last few years to overcome the limitations of previously developed methods. Existing restrictions and required future aspects are discussed.