5 results on '"Costa Santos, Jorge"'
Search Results
2. Population data of the GlobalFiler® Express loci in South Portuguese population.
- Author
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Almeida, Carina, Ribeiro, Teresa, Oliveira, Ana Rita, Porto, Maria João, Costa Santos, Jorge, Dias, Deodália, and Dario, Paulo
- Subjects
POPULATION genetics ,LOCUS (Genetics) ,PORTUGUESE people ,GENE frequency ,GENE expression ,GENE amplification ,DISEASES - Abstract
Allele frequencies and other relevant forensic parameters for 21 loci studied with GlobalFiler ® Express amplification kit (Life Technologies) were calculated in a population of individuals residing in the south of Portugal. Blood stain samples were obtained from a total of 502 unrelated individuals involved in paternity testing casework and directly PCR amplified with GlobalFiler ® Express following manufacturer’s instructions. This kit comprises all the loci included in the extended European Standard Set (ESS) and in the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), besides the very polymorphic D2S441, D19S433, and SE33. In our laboratory this is used as a screening tool to solve complex cases, as fatherless paternity tests or to help in paternity investigations where there is the need to study additional genetic markers. These studies are necessary to calculate statistical forensic parameters, such as power of discrimination or as power of exclusion. Statistical parameters including heterozigosity, homozigosity and combined power of exclusion were estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Analysis of 17 STR data on 5362 southern Portuguese individuals—an update on reference database.
- Author
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Cabezas Silva, Raquel, Ribeiro, Teresa, Lucas, Isabel, Porto, Maria João, Costa Santos, Jorge, and Dario, Paulo
- Subjects
PARAMETER estimation ,MATHEMATICAL combinations ,FORENSIC genetics ,GENETIC markers - Abstract
The main objective of this work consisted of the updating of allele frequencies and other relevant forensic parameters for the 17 autosomal STR loci provided by the combination of the two types of kits used routinely in our laboratory casework: AmpF/STR Identifiler ® and the Powerplex ® 16 Systems. This aim was of significant importance, given that the last study on these kits within the southern Portuguese population dates back to 2006, and, as a consequence, it was necessary to correct the deviation caused by population evolution over the last ten years so that they might be better applied to our forensic casework. For this reason genetic data from 5362 unrelated Caucasian Portuguese individuals from the south of Portugal who were involved in paternity testing casework from 2005 to 2014 was used. Of all the markers, TPOX proved to be the least polymorphic, and Penta E the most. Secondly, this up-to-date southern Portuguese population was compared not only with the northern and central Portuguese populations, but also with that of southern Portugal in 2006, along with populations from Spain, Italy, Greece, Romania, Morocco, Angola and Korea in order to infer information about the relatedness of these respective populations, and the variation of the southern Portuguese population over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Population data of the AmpFlSTR® NGM™ loci in South Portuguese population.
- Author
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Ribeiro, Teresa, Dario, Paulo, Vital, Nádia, Sanches, Susana, Espinheira, Rosa, Geada, Helena, and Costa-Santos, Jorge
- Subjects
POPULATION genetics ,GENE frequency ,FORENSIC sciences ,BLOOD sampling ,DNA fingerprinting - Abstract
Abstract: Allele frequencies and other relevant forensic parameters for 15 loci studied with AmpFlSTR(R) NGM™ kit were calculated in a population of individuals residing in the south of Portugal. Blood stain samples were obtained from a total of 452 unrelated individuals involved in paternity testing casework. The kit has five loci – D10S1248, D22S1045, D2S441, D1S1656 and D12S391 not present in any other kit used in our laboratory (Powerplex 16 System and Identifiler Plus). In our laboratory, this new kit is used as a screening tool to solve deficient cases as fatherless paternity test, and to help in paternity investigations with only one genetic incompatibility after the use of routine seventeen loci. Furthermore, this five loci included in the European Standard Set are also recommended by the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes “ENFSI” and the European DNA Profiling group “EDNAP”. These studies are necessary to calculate statistical forensic parameters such as power of discrimination, power of exclusion, minimum allele frequency. Statistical parameters such as heterozigoty, homozigoty and combined power of exclusion were determinated. This kind of study is part of the Quality Program for Certificated Forensic Laboratories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Exploration of implicit theories in the formation of expert opinion in portuguese criminal law
- Author
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da Silva Guerreiro, Joao, Casoni, Dianne, and Costa Santos, Jorge
- Subjects
Rapport forensique ,Psychologie légale ,Théories implicites ,Portugal ,Implicit Theories ,Opinion d’expert ,Forensic Psychological Report ,Expert Opinion ,Qualitative Methodology ,Forensic Psychology ,Méthodologie qualitative ,Prise de décision ,Cour criminelle ,Criminal Law ,Institution forensique ,Forensic Institution ,Decision-making - Abstract
This dissertation examines different aspects involved in the formation of psychologists’ expert opinion in the Portuguese criminal justice system, more precisely, as this opinion is reflected in assessment reports. The present dissertation is comprised of three qualitative studies, the first sought to provide a general portrait of a sample of 106 forensic psychological reports as to their overall quality as measured in terms of relevance and coherence. Results show that the formal markers of quality are present in the sample analysed, a certain number of weaknesses have been observed, notably concerning the internal coherence of the reports as well as the relevance of the information reported on. The second study explored the opinions of 17 Portuguese judges and state prosecutors concerning the use they make of this type of forensic report. It appears that they consider these reports to be useful and very credible, specially so when they have been produced under the auspices of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, which is the state forensic institution. Furthermore, it appears that judges and prosecutors were particularly interested in data that allowed for a personalised portrait of the assessee. The third study sought to better comprehend the conceptual bases on which psychologists construct their reports. To this end, an exploratory study was undertaken with a sample of key-actors; the analysis of their interviews shows that they define their judicial mandate as well as the basic concepts that are associated to this mandate in different ways. A theoretical framework provided by an implicit theories model was used to help understand these results., Cette thèse présente trois études qualitatives qui concernent différents aspects de la formulation de l’opinion experte chez des psychologues forensiques, tel que cette opinion se révèle dans leurs rapports d’expertise psycho-légale. La première étude porte sur la qualité d’un vaste échantillon de rapports d’expertise en se concentrant sur des critères de pertinence et de cohérence comme mesures de leur qualité générale. Cette étape a permis de dresser le portrait de 106 rapports forensiques produits au Portugal et d’établir qu’ils rencontrent les critères de qualité formelle établis tout en présentant certaines faiblesses en ce qui concerne la pertinence des informations utilisées et la cohérence interne du rapport La deuxième étude explore les opinions de dix-sept juges et procureurs de la République portugaise et s’interroge plus particulièrement sur leurs perspectives concernant l’utilité ce type de rapports d’experts dans leur travail en cour criminelle. Il appert que ces derniers leur accordent une grande crédibilité en particulier lorsqu’ils ont été produits par les experts de l’Institut portugais de médicine légale et sciences forensiques, l’institution forensique nationale affiliée au Ministère de la Justice. De plus, il se dégage des entretiens que les juges et les procureurs sont particulièrement intéressés par les données qui permettent de dresser un portrait individualisé de la personne évaluée. La troisième étude vise à mieux saisir les bases conceptuelles sur lesquelles les psychologues experts construisent leurs rapports. Pour ce faire, une étude exploratoire auprès d’un échantillon d’acteurs-clés a été menée qui a permis de dégager un certain nombre de constats, notamment que ceux-ci définissent leurs mandats judiciaires ainsi que les concepts fondamentaux qui y sont associés de manière différente. Un cadre théorique basé sur le modèle des théories implicites a été utilisé pour mieux comprendre ces résultats.
- Published
- 2014
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