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Inspired by the tenets of postcolonial ecocriticism, theories of settler colonialism, and indigenous ecologies, this study examines the connection Mahmoud Darwish establishes between the colonized people and natural elements in his poem 'The Red Indian's Penultimate Speech to the White Man' while making reference to Native American oral traditions and Chief Seattle's speech. This article argues that Darwish's poem expresses an inclusive perspective that requires appreciation of the interconnection between the national and ecological struggle of the colonized. The analysis in this article is premised on Darwish's dictum in this poem that the resistance of the colonized against loss of homeland is also a resistance against loss of nature; that is, Darwish seems to argue that the ecological ethos is inherent in the resistance of colonized people against settler colonialism. In 'The Red Indian's Penultimate Speech to the White Man,' Darwish expresses consciousness of a history of colonial domination that aggressively exploitated natural resources and destroyed natural habitations that natives had nurtured and depended on for their subsistence over the years. In other words, the poet represents the central ecocritical argument that environmental issues are integral to the existence of colonized peoples. Keywords: ecosystem, environmental impacts, colonization, ecological consciousness, ecocriticism, postcolonialism, This article explores the link the Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish (1941-2008) establishes between nature and indigenous communities in his poem 'The Red Indian's Penultimate Speech to the White Man' (1992). [...]

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This paper examines the politics of travel and imperialist nostalgia in Ernest Hemingway's memoir Green Hills of Africa. Informed by recent theoretical contributions to travel and postcolonial studies, this paper investigates ways in which the representation of travel and nostalgia in this memoir speaks to the colonial and imperialist rhetoric. Unlike previous studies, this paper suggests that the travels and nostalgia of Hemingway for Green Hills of Africa reflect certain ideological and historical determinants of the interwar politics that dominated modern American literature. While Hemingway seems to distance himself from the rhetoric of the empire, his reflections on travelling in Africa and his nostalgia for it are arguably entangled by it. This paper demonstrates that Hemingway's narrative extends a dichotomy between the East and West constructed by 19th century (American) orientalist travel writers and critiqued by Edward Said. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]