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Teacher training has entered the collaborative phase as faculty members from different universities worldwide have been sharing their teaching practices using the available educational technologies. This has made curriculum development more exciting and the ideas more diverse since other cultures may have different approaches to tackling subjects taken up in the curriculum. This study used a qualitative case study approach since it wanted to show a broader picture of the learning experiences; mainly, this study included ten professors and students from three universities and used collaborative teaching to show how a project can be achieved by different parties collaborating. This study investigated the online educational courses that have capitalized on the available educational technologies to show diversity in their curriculum. The researcher also conducted class observations where the students explored collaborative teaching methods across different cultures and compared their similarities and differences. The study also assessed how educational technology has helped achieve diversity in curriculum development as professors from different universities worldwide. Findings indicate a necessity for including additional training diversity in the best pedagogical approaches to facilitate cross-cultural collaborative experiences in both curriculums and online education environments.

Creativity has long been emphasized as an essential skill identified and developed in classrooms by eminent psychologists. A high level of creativity is required to adapt to the changing world of innovation. University-level students are privileged as they get multiple opportunities to learn creative skills. They are facilitated with autonomy and a creative environment. This study aimed to investigate the Psychometric Properties of the classroom creativity climate scale (CCCS) through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the Pakistani context. The study involved 711 (males = 359, females = 352) Pakistani university students pursuing BS, MS/MPhil, and PhD degrees. Based on CFA, the proposed structure of the scale was confirmed, consisting of 22 items with a Likert-type response set loaded on four variables: Teacher Support for the Expression of Student Ideas, Student Self-perception about Creativity, Student Interest in Learning, and Student Autonomy. Alpha reliability coefficients range from 0.61 to 0.82 for the full scale. A comparison of demographics among different age groups and degree levels has been conducted. This scale is useful when investigating Pakistanis University students' perception of creativity, diagnosing the creative climate in the classroom, or asking the teachers for a creative environment inside the classrooms.

Purpose: This study aims to understand the practices and perceptions of education for sustainable development (ESD) in the university classrooms of Malaysia, exploring how holistic, pluralistic and action-oriented approaches to ESD were linked to their knowingness, attitudes and behavior regarding sustainability. Design/methodology/approach: The perceptions of 2,678 students and 1,013 teachers from a range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses at four Malaysian universities were surveyed. Their views of ESD and sustainability consciousness (SC) were recorded on five-point Likert-type scales, and the resulting data was investigated using descriptive and analytical statistics. Findings: Holistic, pluralistic and action-oriented approaches to ESD teaching and learning were widespread in Malaysian universities, with significant associations found between ESD approaches and SC. While all three approaches enhanced each aspect of SC, the results indicated the need to develop action-oriented approaches more fully. Originality/value: This research underlines the importance of sustainability education in the context of higher education. It provides empirical evidence for developing action-oriented approaches to ESD and confirms the utility of holistic content and pluralistic pedagogy to the teaching and learning of sustainability.

Although STEM is an essential feature of 21st-century education and learning, there is a lack of awareness about it in Pakistan, especially at the K-12 and tertiary levels. Recently many initiatives have been launched across Pakistan to create more interest in STEM education. In order to assist in raising the level of STEM awareness in Pakistan, this study sought to examine the current state of research and identify recent contributions and gaps in the literature. A systematic literature review was conducted using 22 research papers from five renowned databases. Results produced limited research in this area, with the majority being descriptive and only four being interventional studies. Regrettably, no research explored the engineering component of STEM education. Trends indicate that STEM education research has experienced a downward trend in Pakistan. The observed decline may have occurred due to a lack of understanding among Pakistani researchers regarding the importance of STEM education. Additionally, we identified the current gaps in research on STEM education and subsequently provided recommendations for future research.

This study was an investigation of the international students' perceptions of their learning environment in graduate programs at one normal university in China. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The sample comprised 91 international students, 51 Master and 40 doctoral from three schools: Education, Life Sciences and Chemistry. A structured questionnaire, the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) served as the main instrument for quantitative data collection. The semi-structured interview was used to gather qualitative data. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. International students had positive perceptions about the learning environment. International students' majors and length of stay in China influenced perceptions about the learning environment. It is recommended that the curriculum be reviewed to offer more specialized courses.

The importance of reflective thinking among teachers has long been recognized, and it remains a crucial indicator of learning and ensures teachers' professional development. This study's aim is to understand a teacher education program's impact on the reflective thinking of preservice teachers in Pakistan. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, 400 teacher education candidates participated in the quantitative analysis, which involved a follow-up that included 10 semi-structured interviews by teacher education candidates. The results showed that teacher education in Pakistan is characterized by the production of more graduates but lacks the focus to develop and generate reflective practitioners in the field. This research contributes to our understanding about the importance of reflective thinking in terms of how it can improve preservice teachers' thinking patterns and nurture teacher education. Furthermore, this study suggests that teacher-training institutions should focus on improving the quality of the trainings for students.

Aim/Purpose: This study aims to examine the challenges faculty members face with online teaching practices in public universities in Karachi, Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Faculty members' pedagogical experiences were examined by following the approach of the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework presented by Davis in 1986 and 1989. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected educational activities and disrupted the traditional norms of education at colleges and universities in the world, and, as a result, teaching and learning have shifted to online. Accordingly, the outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic has unexpectedly forced educators and educational leaders to analyze pedagogical measures to offer quality education to students and make changes to their curriculum and instruction. Methodology: This study used a mixed-method research design with closed-ended surveys and interviews. The researchers distributed online questionnaires and conducted phone call interviews, followed by simple random sampling approach to strengthen data collection and analysis. The research data were analyzed through descriptive statistical tests, including mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation, and thematic analysis. Contribution: By examining the challenges faculty members face with online teaching practices, this study contributes to the literature knowledge to advance the Practical-Knowledge gap (the lack of empirical studies in the context of practice and theoretical perspective) by knowing faculty members' experiences and attitudes regarding online teaching in public universities in Karachi, Pakistan. The adopted framework of the technology acceptance model provides confirmation of reliability in the context of higher education institutions, which can help explore pedagogical challenges and practices of teachers who teach online in other provinces in Pakistan, cultures, and countries. This study provides suggestions to online teachers in Pakistan to sort out their challenges. Findings: The findings highlight a favorable attitude of faculty members' usage of virtual platforms for teaching. Likewise, faculty members encountered several challenges that caused restrictions in accomplishing competent teaching and learning. Furthermore, faculty members lacked sound experience in conducting online classes and were not given adequate technical assistance or ICT infrastructure to cope with the technical challenges. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is recommended by this study that teachers should be given adequate professional development opportunities to develop technical and ICT infrastructure competencies to facilitate them to successfully teach online. Recommendations for Researchers: Another study should be conducted at the national level to reinforce the understanding and generalization of this study's results. Furthermore, this study assessed public universities faculty members' experiences through selfreported surveys and interviews. However, future researchers should employ other means and methods of examination such as private universities, public universities, primary schools, middle schools, secondary schools, and observations or focus group discussions to broaden the understanding of online teaching practices and challenges in Pakistan. Impact on Society: By examining faculty members' experiences and challenges of teaching online, this study will help educators and educational leaders to raise the quality of online teaching in Pakistan by knowing the appropriate solutions and recommendations. Future Research: This study examined the adoption of three ICT indicators through pedagogical practices such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitude to use. For future studies, researchers and practitioners should evaluate other indicators such as students' learning outcomes.