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Family POTAMIDAE Ortmann, 1896, Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Zhu, Chunchao & Zhou, Xianmin, 2013, Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 3647 (4) on page 567, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/219262

Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997 Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997: 197 ���Dai 1999: 416 ���Ng et al. 2008: 162. Heterchelamon [sic]���Dai 1999: 416. Remarks. It is necessary to clarify the identity of ��� Heterochelamon purpureomanualis ��� recorded by T��rkay & Dai (1997). The species was originally described from Loshing, Kwangsi Province (= Luocheng, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) as Potamon (Geothelphusa) purpureomanualis by Wu (1934). T��rkay & Dai (1997) subsequently recorded the species from Xiushui County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. T��rkay & Dai���s (1997) photograph and drawings of ��� H. purpureomanualis ���, however, differ from the original description by Wu (1934) in the shapes of the external orbital tooth (triangular in T��rkay & Dai 1997: pl. 1, fig. 5; acutely triangular, with pointed tip in Wu 1934: fig. 2), epibranchial tooth (low and small in T��rkay & Dai 1997: pl. 1, fig. 5; distinct and pointed in Wu 1934: fig. 2) and G 1 (rather stout, with thick and straight distal segment in T��rkay & Dai 1997: fig. 4 ���4, 4��� 5; slender, slightly sinuous, with bent tip of distal segment in Wu 1934: fig. 2). Because T��rkay & Dai���s (1997) specimen clearly differs morphologically from congeners, including the two new species described in this study, it is most probably representing an undescribed species. Our attempts to find T��rkay & Dai���s (1997) specimens as well as the type specimens of H. purpureomanualis in the Institute of Zoology (IOZ), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, failed. Dai (1999) also recorded ��� H. purpureomanualis ��� from Yaoshan, Xiuren, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. This lot of specimens has not been found as well. Both T��rkay & Dai (1997) and Dai (1999) noted that they examined ��� 20 males (including 1 juvenile) and 23 females (including 5 juveniles), collected in 1938 ���. The specimens examined by them are most probably a same lot. It is, however, uncertain whether Xiushui or Xiuren is a correct locality for their specimens., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Zhu, Chunchao & Zhou, Xianmin, 2013, Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 3647 (4) on page 568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/219262

Subfamily POTAMISCINAE Ortmann, 1896 (sensu Yeo & Ng 2003), Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Zhu, Chunchao & Zhou, Xianmin, 2013, Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 3647 (4) on page 567, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/219262

Heterochelamon tessellatum n. sp. (Figs. 1���3) Material examined. Holotype: NCU MCP 2012.0003, male, 29.4 �� 35.6 mm, Ting xian creek, Dong Men Zhuang, Shuangluo Village, Sanli Town, Sanli Town, Shanglin County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 23 �� 33 �� 44 ��N 108 �� 35 �� 46 ��E, 105 m asl, coll. Lijun Shi, 14 Aug. 2006. Paratypes: 1 male, NCU MCP 2012.0004, 22.6 �� 27.5, 1 male, NCU MCP 2012.0005, 24.5 �� 29.6 mm, 1 male, RUMF-ZC- 2317, 24.2 �� 29.2 mm, 1 male, NCHUZOOL 13571, 27.0 �� 32.3 mm, 1 female, NCHUZOOL 13572, 24.4 �� 28.7 mm, same data as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 1 a) broader than long, widest across anterior third of carapace, CW 1.18���1.21 times (mean = 1.20, n = 6) CL; dorsal surface glabrous, longitudinally convex, transversely. Epigastric cristae low, oblique, postorbital cristae absent, H-shaped gastric groove shallow. Front directed antero-ventrally, anterior margin weakly bilobed. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 1 a, b) cristate, granular, crista lower at lateral end of infraorbital margin, suborbital region smooth, pterygostomial regions slightly rugose. External orbital angle sharp, long, anterolateral margin convex laterally, cristate, lined with relatively sharp teeth. Epistome (Fig. 1 b) with cristate posterior margin, medial lobe projected. Antennular fossa narrow, oblong. Thoracic sternite 2 slightly lower than sternite 3; sternites 3, 4 demarcated by shallow, oblique depressions. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior third of cheliped coxae (Fig. 2 a), cavity relatively narrow, distance between inner ends of sutures of thoracic sternites 4 / 5 about half distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle placed middle of thoracic sternite 5. Third maxilliped rectangular, mid-length of ischium more than 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, flagellum long, exceeding mesial end of merus. Chelipeds strongly unequal in male (Figs. 1 a, 2 b), major chela with strongly curved fingers. Merus of major cheliped rather smooth, with small subdistal denticle on ventromesial margin. Carpus with strong inner angle, with proximoventral small granule. Palm (Fig. 2 b) moderately convex, high, fingers strongly curved, forming oblong gape, cutting edge lined regularly with small teeth. Ambulatory legs (Figs. 1 a) moderately long, second, third legs longest when stretched laterally; meri with small subdistal angle on anterior margin; dactyli as long as respective propodi, subdistal spine of outer dorsal margin of fourth leg as long as distal spine, placed slightly inner with respect to outer dorsal margin. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest; telson triangular, width 1.27 times (n = 1) length, 1.27 times (n = 1) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.03���2.07 times (mean 2.05, n = 2) length. G 1 (Figs. 3 a, b) with slightly sinuous subdistal segment, knuckle-shaped distal segment; distal segment gently bent inwards, length about three-fifths of subdistal segment. G 2 (Fig. 3 c) about same length of G 1, strongly curved medially; distal flagellum about half of subdistal segment. Vulva oblong, large. Colouration. Only preserved material was examined; no fresh colour was recorded. After a two-year preservation in 75 % ethanol, however, olive background colour were still recognizable, together with a reddish mosaic patterns on the dorsal surface and suborbital and subhepatic regions of the carapace (Fig. 1). The mosaic patters are also seen mainly on the upper surfaces of chelipeds and the ambulatory legs. Etymology. The specific epithet ��� tessellatum ��� is Latin for ���mosaic���, referring to its mosaic-like colour pattern of the carapace and appendages. Ecological note. According to the collector of H. tessellatum, the site was a relatively small and unnamed branch of a stream from a river near northeast of the village with karst terrain. The creek is about 1 m wide and 0.5 m deep, with sandy bed and aquatic vegetation. Remarks. Heterochelamon tessellatum is morphologically most similar to H. yangshuoense T��rkay & Dai, 1997, in its strongly gaping fingers of the male major chela and fist-shaped distal end of the G 1 (T��rkay & Dai, 1997: fig. 6 ���2, 6���5, 6��� 6). The G 1 of the holotype of H. yangshuoense, however, was drawn as both subterminal and terminal segments are straight, including a median groove for the G 2 on the ventral surface (T��rkay & Dai 1997, fig. 6 ��� 5), while that of H. tessellatum has slightly sinuous subterminal segment and strongly bent terminal segment (Fig. 3 c, d). The holotype of H. tessellatum (CW 35.6 mm) is larger than the holotype of H. yangshuoense (CW 29.4 mm). Small males of H. tessellatum tend to have stronger bent at the distal segment of the G 1, which indicates that the differences of the bent observed in H. tessellatum and H. yangshuoense appears to be not a sizerelated. Furthermore, the supraorbital margin of H. tessellatum shows shallower concavity in dorsal view (Fig. 1 a), while that of H. yangshuoense is much deeper (T��rkay & Dai, 1997: pl. 1���7). Heterochelamon castanea n. sp. (Figs. 4���6) Material examined. Holotype: male, 21.8 �� 26.7 mm, NCU MCP 2012.0001, Lituan Village, Baiming Town, Liujiang County, Liujiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 24 ��08�� 33 �� N 109 �� 16 �� 16 �� E, 122 m asl, coll. Xiaojia WeiAug. 2006. Paratypes: 1 male, 21.6 �� 26.2 mm, 1 female, 18.4 �� 22.8 mm, RUMF-ZC-1971, 1 female 20.1 �� 24.1 mm, NCU MCP 2012. 0 0 0 2, same data as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 4 a) broader than long, CW 1.20���1. 24 times (mean 1.22, n = 4) CL; dorsal surface convex longitudinally, transversely, smooth, sparsely punctate; epigastric region slightly raised, postorbital region barely raised, cervical groove indiscernible, H-shaped gastric groove shallow but distinct. Front directed anteriorly, concave medially. Front, supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 4 b) cristate, granulated, crista lower at lateral end of infraorbital margin; suborbital, pterygostomial regions rough, sparsely granulated. External orbital angle low, strong, almost right angle, directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 2 times longer than inner margin; epibranchial tooth distinct, sharp, anterolateral margin cristate, distinctly granulated, shorter than posterolateral margin, margin slightly turning upwards. Antennular fossa oblong, inferior margin convex sublaterally; epistome granulated, with posterior margin cristate, granulated, with 3 lobes, median longest, triangular. Mandible palp three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching slightly shorter than half length of merus, flagellum long. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 5 a) demarcated by distinct suture, sternites 3, 4 discernible by shallow but clear groove. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior third of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively narrow, distance between inner ends of sutures of thoracic sternites 4 / 5 wider than third length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle positioned slightly proximal to middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds subequal in males (Fig. 4 a), major cheliped stouter than minor; merus granular on dorsal, ventral margins, granules larger on dorsal margin, subdistal tooth on ventral surface small; carpus with long, sharp inner angle, small protuberance below base of inner angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, smooth, height slightly shorter than palm length; fingers shorter than palm, narrow gape when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth (Fig. 5 b). Ambulatory legs (Fig. 4 a) moderately long, almost glabrous, second, third legs longest when stretched laterally, surfaces rough, merus with low subdistal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Subdistal tooth on upper-outer raw of teeth of P 5 larger than other teeth, slightly positioned inward. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third to six segments almost straight, convergent distally; telson triangular, lateral margin slightly concave, width 1.29���1.31 times length (mean 1.22, n = 2), 1.35���1.42 times (mean 1.38, n = 2) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.23���2.28 times length (mean 2.26, n = 2). G 1 (Figs. 6 a, b) slender, straight. Distal segment slightly shorter than third of G 1, distally bulging. Groove for G 2 running mid-line of ventral surface, weakly curving laterally at proximal part of bulge, turning mesially to subdistal opening. Dorsal side with narrow synovial membrane between distal, subdistal segment. G 2 (Fig. 6 c) longer than G 1, flagellum about third length of G 2. Vulva oblong, large. Etymology. The specific epithet castanea is Latin for ���chestnut��� and refers to its maroon body colour. The name is used as a noun in apposition. Ecological note. According to the collector of H. castanea n. sp., the collection site was a small ditch about 1 km from Lituan Village. There were many planted rice and lotus roots on both sides of the ditch. The ditch was about 1 m wide, about 0.3 m deep, with a muddy bed. The crabs seem to be more common among aquatic grasses than from holes on muddy sediments. Remarks. The G 1 of Heterochelamon castanea n. sp. is morphologically close to that of H. guangxiense T��rkay & Dai, 1997, in its slender shape and slightly bulged distal end (Fig 6 a, b; T��rkay & Dai, 1997: fig. 5 ���4, 5��� 5). The new species can be, however, distinguished from H. guangxiense by an acute and triangular external orbital tooth (Fig. 4 a) (tooth blunt and semicircular lobe-like in H. guangxiense, T��rkay & Dai 1997: pl. 1���6), epibranchial tooth distinct but not separated from external orbital tooth by wide gape (Fig. 4 a) (epibranchial tooth separated by distinct V- to U-shaped gape in H. guangxiense, T��rkay & Dai 1997: pl. 1���6), and distal segment of G 1 straight (Fig. 6 a, b) (slightly directed mesially in H. guangxiense, T��rkay & Dai 1997: fig. 5 ���4, 5��� 5)., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Zhu, Chunchao & Zhou, Xianmin, 2013, Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon T��rkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 3647 (4) on pages 568-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/219262

Naruse, Tohru, Zhu, Chunchao, Zhou, Xianmin (2013): Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon Türkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China. Zootaxa 3647 (4): 567-576, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.6

Subfamily POTAMISCINAE Ortmann, 1896 (sensu Yeo & Ng 2003)

Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. (Figs. 4���6) Material examined. Holotype: male, 18.4 �� 23.1 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0003, Fuyuan County (ca. 25 �� 28 ��� 0 3 ������N 103 �� 45 ��� 51 ������E), Qujing City, Yunnan Province, coll. Guanxian Gu & Xianmin Zhou, 28 Jul. 2005. Paratypes: 1 male, 16.2 �� 20.8 mm, 4 females, 9.2 �� 11.5���18.2 �� 23.7 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0004, data same as holotype; 2 males, 8.6 �� 10.9, 14.3 �� 18.2 mm, 2 females, 7.7 �� 9.6, 9.3 ��12.0 mm, ZRC 2008.0014, data same as holotype; Description. Carapace (Fig. 4 a) broader than long, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.25���1.30 times (mean = 1.27, n = 8) CL; dorsal surface almost flat, punctate; epigastric, postorbital cristae low, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove distinct. Front directed antero-ventrally, anterior margin concave medially in dorsal view, bifurcate in anterior view, embracing proepistome. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 4 b) cristate, lined with low granules, granules on infraorbital margin larger; suborbital, pterygostomial regions weakly rugose. External orbital angle broad, directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 3 times longer than inner margin; epibranchital tooth low but distinct, anterolateral margin convex, lined with rounded granules with irregular gaps. Antennular fossa narrow, oblong; epistome with posterior margin cristate, granulated, with large median triangular tooth. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 4 b, 5) rectangular, midlength of merus about three-fifths that of ischium, exopod with wide base, reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, flagellum half width of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 5) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior ends of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 more than half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle placed slightly posterior to middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds subequal in males (Fig. 4 a); merus with granulated dorsal, ventral margins, dorsal granules larger; carpus with strong inner angle, with one inward-directed granules on proximal-ventral part of base of inner angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, reticulated, length about 1.5 times of height; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 4 a) short, with scattered short setae, second longest when stretched laterally; anterior margin of meri rough, subdistal angle indistinct, dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third to six segments forming almost straight line; telson triangular, width 1.81���1.91 times length (mean = 1.86, n = 2), 1.07���1.13 times (mean = 1.10, n = 2) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.46���2.58 times length (mean = 2.52, n = 2). G 1 (Figs. 6 a���c) stout, distally bent dorsal-outward, subdistal segment with produced subproximal outer margin; ventral outer layer of G 1 with longitudinal suture along inner margin; distal margin of dorsal side of subterminal segment membrane-like; distal segment directed dorsal-outward by proximal two-thirds, distal third directed outwards, proximal two-thirds of outer margin swollen, distal anterior tip upturned. G 2 (Fig. 6 d) as long as G 1, flagellum ribbon-like, length about two-thirds of narrowed part of basal segment. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. is known only from the type locality (Fuyuan County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China; 1913 m asl.). The species was found from under stones in the water with depth of about 25 cm. The water temperature was 18 and the pH was 6.0. Remarks. The form of the short and stout G 1 of Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. clearly places it in the genus Latopotamon and allies it in particular to the type species, L. obtortum. Latopotamon qujingense can, however, be distinguished from L. obtortum by the shape of the anterolateral margin of the carapace and the G 1 s. In L. qujingense, the anterolateral margin is serrated by short but sharp granules, the terminal segment of the G 1 is narrow and strongly twisted, and the tip of the G 1 is directed in a ventral-outer-downwards orientation (Figs. 4, 6 a���c). While in L. obtortum, the anterolateral margin is lined with blunt granules, the G 1 is stout and twisted medially, and the tip of the G 1 is directed laterally [Dai et al. 1984: Fig. 12, Pl. I (1); Dai & T��rkay 1997: Fig. 11 (4, 5), Pl. II (7); Dai 1999: Fig. 235 (6, 7), Pl. 30 (4)]. A key to the species of Latopotamon, which now includes three species, is provided below., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Yeo, Darren C. J. & Zhou, Xianmin, 2008, Five new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from China, pp. 49-68 in Zootaxa 1812 on pages 52-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182785, {"references":["Dai, A. Y., Song, Y. C., Li, M. G., Chen, Z. Y., Wang P. P. & Hu Q. X. (1984) A study of freshwater crabs from Guizhou Province I. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 9 (3), 257 - 267, 1 pl. [in Chinese with English summary].","Dai, A. Y. & Turkay, M. (1997) Revision of the Chinese freshwater crabs previously placed in the genus Isolapotamon Bott, 1968 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 45 (2), 237 - 264.","Dai, A. Y. (1999) Fauna Sinica (Arthropoda. Crustacea. Malacostraca. Decapoda. Parathelphusidae. Potamidae). Beijing, Science Press, 1 - 501, 1 - 238 figs., 1 - 30 pls."]}

Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. (Figs. 10–12) Material examined. Holotype: male, 26.5 × 33.4 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0006, Jinjiang River, Xueli Village (ca. 27 ° 49 ’ 0 1 ’’N 109 ° 48 ’ 0 3 ’’E), Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu’nan Province, China, coll. Huilin Duan & Xianmin Zhou, 26 Jul. 2005. Paratypes: 1 male, 21.7 × 26.7 mm, 7 females, 21.9 × 27.4 – 24.9 × 31.5 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0007, data same as holotype; 2 males, 26.9 × 34.6, 26.9 × 33.2 mm, 4 females, 23.8 × 29.4 – 28.6 × 36.6 mm, ZRC 2008.0015, data same as holotype; 3 males, 22.9 ×28.0– 24.5 × 30.2 mm, 2 females, 21.6 × 28.1, 24.6 × 31.4 mm, NMNS- 5752 -001, data same as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 10 a) broader than long, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.22–1.30 times (mean 1.26, n = 12) CL; dorsal surface flat, smooth; epigastric, postorbital cristae oblique; cervical, H-shaped gastric grooves shallow, indistinct; anterolateral region with elongated granules. Front gently directed downwards, anterior margin straight, frontal region granulated. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 10 b) cristate, lined with small granules, only inner part of suborbital region, anterior part of pterygostomial region with granules. External orbital angle directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 3 times longer than inner margin; epibranchital tooth distinct, anterolateral margin convex laterally, granules distinct. Antennular fossa rectangular; epistome with posterior margin cristate, lined with granules, with sharp triangular median tooth. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 10 b, 11) rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal two-fifths of outer margin of merus, flagellum long, slightly shorter than width of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 demarcated by unevenness, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior quarter of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 longer than third length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle on slightly below middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Cheliped (Fig. 10 a) slightly asymmetrical, major cheliped stouter, longer than minor; merus granulated on dorsal, ventral margins; carpus with strong, sharp inner angle, small tooth below angle; palm smooth, height shorter than length; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 10 a) moderately long, surfaces rough, anterior margin of meri lined with obtuse low teeth, moderately long, second, third longest when stretched laterally; dactyli as long as respective propodi in P 2 –P 4, slightly shorter in P 5. Abdomen (Fig. 11) with regularly divergent lateral margins, first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest; telson with lateral margins concave proximally, width 1.26 times length (n = 1), 1.29 times (n = 1) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.21 times length (n = 1). G 1 (Figs. 12 a, b) stout; proximal outer part of subterminal segment concave; outer ventral layer of subterminal segment with suture along inner margin, distal part of subterminal segment raised ventrally, distodorsal part concave medially, boundary between subterminal, terminal segments membrane-like; distal segment length quarter of total G 1 length, strongly bent inwards, opening on subdistal part of anterior surface. G 2 (Fig. 12 c) as long as G 1, flagellum ribbon-like, about three-fifths length of narrowed part of basal segment. Distribution and habitat. Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. is found from the type locality (Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu’nan Province, China;> 200m asl. ) Hu’nan (mayang) The species was found from under screes in a rivulet. Remarks. Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. is similar to S. bilobatum Dai & Jiang, 1991, and S. nanlingense Dai & Jiang, 1991, in the short, stout and bent distal segment of the G 1 of the three species. Sinopotamon mayangense, however, can be distinguished from S. bilobatum by the strong bent (ca. 60 °) of the terminal segment of the G 1 [vs. blunt and less bent (ca. 45 °)], a tapering tip of the terminal segment (vs. bilobate distal tips), and the subdistal opening of the terminal segment (vs. opening distal) [Figs. 12 a, b; Dai & Jiang 1991: Fig. 2 (3, 4); Dai 1999: Fig. 123 (4, 5)]. Sinopotamon mayangense can be differentiated from S. nanlingense by the strongly bent (ca. 60 °) terminal segment of the G 1 [vs. less bent (ca. 45 °)] and rounded outer margin of the terminal segment of the G 1 (vs. distal third narrowed, so that the lateral margin is angular) [Figs. 12 a, b; Dai & Jiang 1991: Fig. 3 (3, 4); Dai 1999: Fig. 173 (4, 5)].

Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. (Figs. 7–9) Material examined. Holotype: male, 24.5 × 28.9 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0005, Jinjiang River, Xueli Village (ca. 27 ° 52 ’ 32 ’’N 109 ° 47 ’ 45 ’’E), Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu’nan Province, China, coll. Huilin Duan & Xianmin Zhou, 26 Jul. 2005. Description. Carapace (Fig. 7 a) squarish, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.78 times (n = 1) CL; dorsal surface gently convex longitudinally, transversely, rough, with short setae; epigastric crista raised, postorbital crista short, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove distinct; anterolateral to posterolateral regions with short rows of granules. Front directed anterior-downward, concave medially. Frontal, supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 7 b) cristate, granulated, infraorbital margin with larger granules, with concavity below external orbital angle; suborbital region only slightly granulated, pterygostomial regions with scattered granules. External orbital angle narrow, directed anteriorly, outer margin about 2.5 times longer than inner margin, outer margin fringed with two small teeth, epibranchital tooth long, sharp, disconnected from external orbital angle by V-shaped notch, anterolateral margin slightly convex, lined with 5–6 sharp teeth. Antennular fossa oblong; epistome with posterior margin sinuous, cristate, median lobe composed of one elongate granule. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 7 b, 8) rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, inner margin of merus concave, flagellum distinct, not reaching inner end of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 8) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior margins of cheliped coxae, cavity wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 as wide as half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle on proximal two-fifths of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds (Fig. 7) similar in males; merus granulated on dorsal surface, subdistal dorsal tooth narrow, lobe-like, ventral margins granulated, sparsely lined with 4–6 conical teeth; carpus with sharp, long inner angle, small protuberance below angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, not rough, length about 1.5 times height; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 7 a) moderately long, with scattered short setae, second longest when stretched laterally; meri with subterminal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with plate-like ridge on distal end of exposed area; third segment widest; telson triangular, width 1.34 times length (n = 1), 1.15 times (n = 1) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.06 times length (n = 1). G 1 (Figs. 9 a–c) slender, distal third curved inwards, proximal outer part of subterminal segment concave, disto-dorsal margin of subterminal segment concave; terminal, subterminal segments demarcated by membrane; terminal segment about one-fifth length of total length of G 1, base of tip of terminal segment curved inwards, tip directed anteriorly. G 2 (Fig. 9 d) slightly shorter than G 1, flagellum about one-third length of narrowed part of basal segment of G 2. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu’nan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. is know only from the type locality (Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu’nan Province, China;> 200 m asl). The species was found under stones in a rivulet. Remarks. Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. can be characterized by the sharp, saw-edged anterolateral margin of the carapace and straight G 1, which are also seen in S. yueyangense Dai, 1995, and S. lansi (Doflein, 1902). Sinopotamon gaocuense can be distinguished from S. yueyangense Dai, 1995, by its narrower carapace (vs. wider), the moderately triangular telson (vs. telson narrower and longer), the moderately long anterolateral teeth (vs. much longer), and an anteriorly directed tip of the terminal segment of the G 1 (vs. tip directed inwards) [Figs. 7–9 (a-c); Dai 1995: Fig. 3 (2, 4– 6), Pl. 1 (6); Dai 1999: Fig. 120 (2, 4– 6), Pl. 14 (7)]. Sinopotamon gaocuense differs from S. lansi in its narrower carapace and the slender and anteriorly directed distal segment of the G 1. In S. lansi, the carapace is wider, the distal segment of the G 1 is stout, and the tip of the distal segment curves inwards [Doflein 1902: Pl. 6 (3); Dai 1999: Fig. 119 (4–6), Pl. 14 (6)].

Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. (Figs. 1–3) Material examined. Holotype: male, 20.2 × 25.4 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0001, Xuanwei City (ca. 26 ° 12 ’ 47 ’’N 104 °06’ 40 ’’E), Yunnan Province, coll. Haiyan Yang & Xianmin Zhou, 18 Aug. 2005. Paratypes: 2 males, 18.2 × 22.6, 21.0× 26.2 mm, 3 females, 19.8 ×26.0– 20.8 × 27.1 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0002, data same as holotype; 3 males, 14.8 × 18.4–19.4 ×25.0 mm, 2 ovigerous females, 19.4 × 24.5, 21.0× 27.3 mm, 2 females, 12.8 × 16.1, 20.8 × 26.8 mm, ZRC 2008.0013, data same as holotype; 3 males, 15.6 × 19.4 – 18.8 × 23.9 mm, 3 females, 18.7 × 23.4 –21.0× 27.8 mm, NMNS- 5751 -001, data same as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 1 a) broader than long, widest across posterior parts of anterolateral margins, CW 1.24–1.32 times (mean = 1.27, n = 15) CL; dorsal surface flat, smooth; epigastric crista slightly raised, postorbital crista slightly raised, not connected to epibranchial tooth, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove shallow but distinct. Front distally deflexed, concave medially. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 1 b) cristate, not granulated; suborbital, pterygostomial regions smooth. External orbital angle low, directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 4 times longer than inner margin; epibranchial tooth small, anterolateral margin shorter than posterolateral margin, lined with granules. Antennular fossa oblong; epistome with posterior margin cristate, not granulated, with 5 lobes, median longest, triangular, submedian shortest, rounded. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 1 b, 2) rectangular, midlength of ischium less than 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, flagellum short. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 2) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior margins of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively narrow, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 wider than half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle positioned slightly proximal to middle of thoracic sternite 5; single line of long brown setae along posterior parts of sutures between sternites 4, 7, lines reaching inner ends of sutures; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds subequal in males (Fig. 1 a), major cheliped slightly stouter than minor; merus granulated on dorsal, ventral margins, granules larger on dorsal margin, subdistal tooth on ventral surface small; carpus with long, sharp inner angle, small protuberance below base of inner angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, smooth, height two-thirds of length; fingers shorter than palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 1 a) short, almost glabrous, second, third legs longest when stretched laterally, surfaces rough, merus with acute subdistal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third to six segments not strongly convergent distally; telson triangular, width 1.82 –2.00 times length (mean = 1.90, n = 3), 1.08–1.26 times (mean = 1.16, n = 3) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.55–2.67 times length (mean = 2.61, n = 3). G 1 (Figs. 3 a–c) short, stout, subdistal segment swollen proximal-outwards, dorsal layer expanded inwards, outer ventral layer with longitudinal suture along inner margin; boundary between subterminal, distal segment membrane-like; distal segment bent dorsal-outward almost perpendicularly; proximal-outer part distinctly swollen, opening on distal end, directed posterior-outward. G 2 (Fig. 3 d) longer than G 1, flagellum about 2 times length of narrowed part of basal segment. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. is known only from the type locality (Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China; 1,949 m asl.). The species was found from under stones in the water with depth of about 25 cm. The water temperature was 17 and the pH was 6.0. Remarks. Dai & Türkay (1997) established a monotypic genus Latopotamon for Isolapotamon obtortum Dai, Song, Li, Chen, Wang & Hu, 1984, with the diagnostic characters of a broad and shallow median groove of the thoracic sternum and short, stout and strongly bent G 1. The G 1 of Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. is similar to that of L. obtortum. However, it can be differentiated from that of L. obtortum by having a rounded tip (vs. tip pointed medially), the inner margin of the subterminal segment being strongly expanded proximally (vs. inner margin of the subterminal segment slightly expanded submedially), and a large hump on the outer proximal part of the terminal segment (vs. hump smaller) [Figs. 3 a–c; Dai et al. 1984: Fig. 12; Dai & Türkay 1997: Fig. 11 (4, 5); Dai 1999: Fig. 235 (6, 7)].

Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. (Figs. 1���3) Material examined. Holotype: male, 20.2 �� 25.4 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0001, Xuanwei City (ca. 26 �� 12 ��� 47 ������N 104 ��06��� 40 ������E), Yunnan Province, coll. Haiyan Yang & Xianmin Zhou, 18 Aug. 2005. Paratypes: 2 males, 18.2 �� 22.6, 21.0�� 26.2 mm, 3 females, 19.8 ��26.0��� 20.8 �� 27.1 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0002, data same as holotype; 3 males, 14.8 �� 18.4���19.4 ��25.0 mm, 2 ovigerous females, 19.4 �� 24.5, 21.0�� 27.3 mm, 2 females, 12.8 �� 16.1, 20.8 �� 26.8 mm, ZRC 2008.0013, data same as holotype; 3 males, 15.6 �� 19.4 ��� 18.8 �� 23.9 mm, 3 females, 18.7 �� 23.4 ���21.0�� 27.8 mm, NMNS- 5751 -001, data same as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 1 a) broader than long, widest across posterior parts of anterolateral margins, CW 1.24���1.32 times (mean = 1.27, n = 15) CL; dorsal surface flat, smooth; epigastric crista slightly raised, postorbital crista slightly raised, not connected to epibranchial tooth, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove shallow but distinct. Front distally deflexed, concave medially. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 1 b) cristate, not granulated; suborbital, pterygostomial regions smooth. External orbital angle low, directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 4 times longer than inner margin; epibranchial tooth small, anterolateral margin shorter than posterolateral margin, lined with granules. Antennular fossa oblong; epistome with posterior margin cristate, not granulated, with 5 lobes, median longest, triangular, submedian shortest, rounded. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 1 b, 2) rectangular, midlength of ischium less than 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, flagellum short. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 2) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior margins of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively narrow, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 wider than half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle positioned slightly proximal to middle of thoracic sternite 5; single line of long brown setae along posterior parts of sutures between sternites 4, 7, lines reaching inner ends of sutures; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds subequal in males (Fig. 1 a), major cheliped slightly stouter than minor; merus granulated on dorsal, ventral margins, granules larger on dorsal margin, subdistal tooth on ventral surface small; carpus with long, sharp inner angle, small protuberance below base of inner angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, smooth, height two-thirds of length; fingers shorter than palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 1 a) short, almost glabrous, second, third legs longest when stretched laterally, surfaces rough, merus with acute subdistal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third to six segments not strongly convergent distally; telson triangular, width 1.82 ���2.00 times length (mean = 1.90, n = 3), 1.08���1.26 times (mean = 1.16, n = 3) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.55���2.67 times length (mean = 2.61, n = 3). G 1 (Figs. 3 a���c) short, stout, subdistal segment swollen proximal-outwards, dorsal layer expanded inwards, outer ventral layer with longitudinal suture along inner margin; boundary between subterminal, distal segment membrane-like; distal segment bent dorsal-outward almost perpendicularly; proximal-outer part distinctly swollen, opening on distal end, directed posterior-outward. G 2 (Fig. 3 d) longer than G 1, flagellum about 2 times length of narrowed part of basal segment. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. is known only from the type locality (Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China; 1,949 m asl.). The species was found from under stones in the water with depth of about 25 cm. The water temperature was 17 and the pH was 6.0. Remarks. Dai & T��rkay (1997) established a monotypic genus Latopotamon for Isolapotamon obtortum Dai, Song, Li, Chen, Wang & Hu, 1984, with the diagnostic characters of a broad and shallow median groove of the thoracic sternum and short, stout and strongly bent G 1. The G 1 of Latopotamon xuanweiense spec. nov. is similar to that of L. obtortum. However, it can be differentiated from that of L. obtortum by having a rounded tip (vs. tip pointed medially), the inner margin of the subterminal segment being strongly expanded proximally (vs. inner margin of the subterminal segment slightly expanded submedially), and a large hump on the outer proximal part of the terminal segment (vs. hump smaller) [Figs. 3 a���c; Dai et al. 1984: Fig. 12; Dai & T��rkay 1997: Fig. 11 (4, 5); Dai 1999: Fig. 235 (6, 7)]., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Yeo, Darren C. J. & Zhou, Xianmin, 2008, Five new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from China, pp. 49-68 in Zootaxa 1812 on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182785, {"references":["Dai, A. Y. & Turkay, M. (1997) Revision of the Chinese freshwater crabs previously placed in the genus Isolapotamon Bott, 1968 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 45 (2), 237 - 264.","Dai, A. Y., Song, Y. C., Li, M. G., Chen, Z. Y., Wang P. P. & Hu Q. X. (1984) A study of freshwater crabs from Guizhou Province I. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 9 (3), 257 - 267, 1 pl. [in Chinese with English summary].","Dai, A. Y. (1999) Fauna Sinica (Arthropoda. Crustacea. Malacostraca. Decapoda. Parathelphusidae. Potamidae). Beijing, Science Press, 1 - 501, 1 - 238 figs., 1 - 30 pls."]}

Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. (Figs. 4–6) Material examined. Holotype: male, 18.4 × 23.1 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0003, Fuyuan County (ca. 25 ° 28 ’ 0 3 ’’N 103 ° 45 ’ 51 ’’E), Qujing City, Yunnan Province, coll. Guanxian Gu & Xianmin Zhou, 28 Jul. 2005. Paratypes: 1 male, 16.2 × 20.8 mm, 4 females, 9.2 × 11.5–18.2 × 23.7 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0004, data same as holotype; 2 males, 8.6 × 10.9, 14.3 × 18.2 mm, 2 females, 7.7 × 9.6, 9.3 ×12.0 mm, ZRC 2008.0014, data same as holotype; Description. Carapace (Fig. 4 a) broader than long, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.25–1.30 times (mean = 1.27, n = 8) CL; dorsal surface almost flat, punctate; epigastric, postorbital cristae low, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove distinct. Front directed antero-ventrally, anterior margin concave medially in dorsal view, bifurcate in anterior view, embracing proepistome. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 4 b) cristate, lined with low granules, granules on infraorbital margin larger; suborbital, pterygostomial regions weakly rugose. External orbital angle broad, directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 3 times longer than inner margin; epibranchital tooth low but distinct, anterolateral margin convex, lined with rounded granules with irregular gaps. Antennular fossa narrow, oblong; epistome with posterior margin cristate, granulated, with large median triangular tooth. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 4 b, 5) rectangular, midlength of merus about three-fifths that of ischium, exopod with wide base, reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, flagellum half width of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 5) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior ends of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 more than half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle placed slightly posterior to middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds subequal in males (Fig. 4 a); merus with granulated dorsal, ventral margins, dorsal granules larger; carpus with strong inner angle, with one inward-directed granules on proximal-ventral part of base of inner angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, reticulated, length about 1.5 times of height; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 4 a) short, with scattered short setae, second longest when stretched laterally; anterior margin of meri rough, subdistal angle indistinct, dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third to six segments forming almost straight line; telson triangular, width 1.81–1.91 times length (mean = 1.86, n = 2), 1.07–1.13 times (mean = 1.10, n = 2) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.46–2.58 times length (mean = 2.52, n = 2). G 1 (Figs. 6 a–c) stout, distally bent dorsal-outward, subdistal segment with produced subproximal outer margin; ventral outer layer of G 1 with longitudinal suture along inner margin; distal margin of dorsal side of subterminal segment membrane-like; distal segment directed dorsal-outward by proximal two-thirds, distal third directed outwards, proximal two-thirds of outer margin swollen, distal anterior tip upturned. G 2 (Fig. 6 d) as long as G 1, flagellum ribbon-like, length about two-thirds of narrowed part of basal segment. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. is known only from the type locality (Fuyuan County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China; 1913 m asl.). The species was found from under stones in the water with depth of about 25 cm. The water temperature was 18 and the pH was 6.0. Remarks. The form of the short and stout G 1 of Latopotamon qujingense spec. nov. clearly places it in the genus Latopotamon and allies it in particular to the type species, L. obtortum. Latopotamon qujingense can, however, be distinguished from L. obtortum by the shape of the anterolateral margin of the carapace and the G 1 s. In L. qujingense, the anterolateral margin is serrated by short but sharp granules, the terminal segment of the G 1 is narrow and strongly twisted, and the tip of the G 1 is directed in a ventral-outer-downwards orientation (Figs. 4, 6 a–c). While in L. obtortum, the anterolateral margin is lined with blunt granules, the G 1 is stout and twisted medially, and the tip of the G 1 is directed laterally [Dai et al. 1984: Fig. 12, Pl. I (1); Dai & Türkay 1997: Fig. 11 (4, 5), Pl. II (7); Dai 1999: Fig. 235 (6, 7), Pl. 30 (4)]. A key to the species of Latopotamon, which now includes three species, is provided below.

Trichopotamon xiangyunense spec. nov. (Figs. 13���15) Material examined. Holotype: male, 21.0�� 25.7 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0008, Xiangyun County (ca. 25 �� 28 ��� 32 ������N 100 �� 32 ��� 54 ������E), Yunnan Province, coll. Xue L�� & Xianmin Zhou, 31 Jul. 2005. Paratypes: 2 males, 17.3 ��21.0, 20.0�� 24.9 mm, 6 females, 18.3 �� 22.8���24.1 �� 30.2 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0009, data same as holotype; 3 males, 18.6 �� 22.8 ���21.0�� 26.3 mm, 2 females, 24.7 �� 30.5, 25.4 �� 31.7 mm, ZRC 2008.0016, data same as holotype; 1 male, 18.6 �� 22.9 mm, 3 females, 18.6 �� 23.4���25.6 �� 31.6 mm, NMNS- 5753 -001, data same as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 13 a) broader than long, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.21���1.27 times (mean 1.24, n = 13) CL; sidewall relatively high, dorsal surface convex longitudinally, transversely, smooth, regions distinctly demarcated by grooves; epigastric crista raised, postorbital crista raised, distinct, reaching cervical groove laterally, H-shaped gastric groove, mesogastric region distinct. Front deflexed distally, slightly concave medially, median part of anterior margin produced ventrally, embracing proepistome. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 13 b) cristate, infraorbital margin lined with low granules; suborbital region smooth, pterygostomial region granulated. External orbital angle almost right angle, directed anteriorly, outer margin about 1.5 times longer than inner margin; epibranchital tooth distinct, disconnected from external orbital angle by narrow gap, anterolateral margin cristate, lined with small granules, convex, shorter than posterolateral margin. Antennular fossa compressed pentagonal; epistome with posterior margin cristate, lined with granules except for concave outer third, with median long, triangular lobe. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 13 b, 14) rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal quarter of outer margin of merus, flagellum vestigial. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 14) demarcated by distinct suture. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior two-fifths of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively narrow, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 larger than third length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle on middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds (Fig. 13 a) similar in males, major cheliped slightly stouter; merus granulated on dorsal, ventral margins, subdistal dorsal tooth largest, ventral subdistal tooth low; carpus with strong inner angle, lower tooth absent; palm with convex outer surface, height slightly longer than length; fingers slightly shorter than palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with regularly placed large teeth, fringed with low teeth between them. Ambulatory legs long, with scattered short setae, second longest when stretched laterally; merus with low subdistal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Abdomen, telson (Fig. 14) triangular, first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest, lateral margins of third segment to telson forming almost straight line; telson triangular, width 1.12���1.26 times length (mean = 1.19, n = 2), 1.15���1.50 times (mean = 1.33, n = 2) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.1���2.4 times length (mean = 2.24, n = 2). G 1 stout, straight, setose distally; proximal outer angle of subterminal segment distinct; ventral-outer layer with longitudinal suture along inner margin; subterminal, terminal segments demarcated by membrane-like suture, membrane narrow from longitudinal suture of ventral outer layer to outer part of dorsal side, membrane widened inwards on dorsal side, subdistal inner margin, proximal part of membrane produced inwards; distal segment about two-thirds length of subdistal segment in ventral view, groove for G 2 close to inner layer in ventral view, but inner layer always visible in ventral view, distal outer margin of distal segment notched. G 2 (Fig. 15 c) slightly longer than G 1, flagellum ribbon-like, about three-quarters of narrowed part of basal segment. Distribution and habitat. Trichopotamon xiangyunense spec. nov. is known only from the type locality (Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province, China; 2012 m asl.). The species was found in a rivulet with depth of about 30 cm with sandy substratum. The water temperature is about 19 ��C, and its pH was 6.0. Remarks. Trichopotamon xiangyunense spec. nov. can be distinguished from its only congener, T. daliense Dai & Chen, 1985, by the morphology of the G 1. In T. xiangyunense the inner margin of the G 1 has two medial triangular projections; the distal projection is larger and represents an inner margin of a membrane-like structure of the dorsal side, and another proximal smaller projection is located just proximal to the membrane like-structure (Fig. 15 b). In T. xiangyunense, however, the inner margin of the membrane-like structure is just slightly convex laterally and it is much lower than proximal projection [Dai & Chen 1985: Fig. 6 (6)]. Furthermore, the subterminal segment of the G 1 of T. xiangyunense is narrower than that of T. daliense [Fig. 15 a: Dai & Chen 1985: Fig. 6 (4, 5); Dai 1999: Fig. 198 (4)]., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Yeo, Darren C. J. & Zhou, Xianmin, 2008, Five new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from China, pp. 49-68 in Zootaxa 1812 on pages 63-66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182785, {"references":["Dai, A. Y. & Chen, G. X. (1985) A preliminary report on the freshwater crabs of Hengduan Mountains Area. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 3, 39 - 72, 1, 2 pls. [in Chinese with English summary]","Dai, A. Y. (1999) Fauna Sinica (Arthropoda. Crustacea. Malacostraca. Decapoda. Parathelphusidae. Potamidae). Beijing, Science Press, 1 - 501, 1 - 238 figs., 1 - 30 pls."]}

Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. (Figs. 7���9) Material examined. Holotype: male, 24.5 �� 28.9 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0005, Jinjiang River, Xueli Village (ca. 27 �� 52 ��� 32 ������N 109 �� 47 ��� 45 ������E), Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu���nan Province, China, coll. Huilin Duan & Xianmin Zhou, 26 Jul. 2005. Description. Carapace (Fig. 7 a) squarish, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.78 times (n = 1) CL; dorsal surface gently convex longitudinally, transversely, rough, with short setae; epigastric crista raised, postorbital crista short, cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped gastric groove distinct; anterolateral to posterolateral regions with short rows of granules. Front directed anterior-downward, concave medially. Frontal, supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 7 b) cristate, granulated, infraorbital margin with larger granules, with concavity below external orbital angle; suborbital region only slightly granulated, pterygostomial regions with scattered granules. External orbital angle narrow, directed anteriorly, outer margin about 2.5 times longer than inner margin, outer margin fringed with two small teeth, epibranchital tooth long, sharp, disconnected from external orbital angle by V-shaped notch, anterolateral margin slightly convex, lined with 5���6 sharp teeth. Antennular fossa oblong; epistome with posterior margin sinuous, cristate, median lobe composed of one elongate granule. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 7 b, 8) rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal third of outer margin of merus, inner margin of merus concave, flagellum distinct, not reaching inner end of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 (Fig. 8) demarcated by distinct suture, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior margins of cheliped coxae, cavity wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 as wide as half length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle on proximal two-fifths of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Chelipeds (Fig. 7) similar in males; merus granulated on dorsal surface, subdistal dorsal tooth narrow, lobe-like, ventral margins granulated, sparsely lined with 4���6 conical teeth; carpus with sharp, long inner angle, small protuberance below angle; palm with moderately convex outer surface, not rough, length about 1.5 times height; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when chela closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 7 a) moderately long, with scattered short setae, second longest when stretched laterally; meri with subterminal angle on anterior margin; dactyli longer than respective propodi. Male first abdominal segment with plate-like ridge on distal end of exposed area; third segment widest; telson triangular, width 1.34 times length (n = 1), 1.15 times (n = 1) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.06 times length (n = 1). G 1 (Figs. 9 a���c) slender, distal third curved inwards, proximal outer part of subterminal segment concave, disto-dorsal margin of subterminal segment concave; terminal, subterminal segments demarcated by membrane; terminal segment about one-fifth length of total length of G 1, base of tip of terminal segment curved inwards, tip directed anteriorly. G 2 (Fig. 9 d) slightly shorter than G 1, flagellum about one-third length of narrowed part of basal segment of G 2. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu���nan Province, China. Distribution and habitat. Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. is know only from the type locality (Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu���nan Province, China;> 200 m asl). The species was found under stones in a rivulet. Remarks. Sinopotamon gaocuense spec. nov. can be characterized by the sharp, saw-edged anterolateral margin of the carapace and straight G 1, which are also seen in S. yueyangense Dai, 1995, and S. lansi (Doflein, 1902). Sinopotamon gaocuense can be distinguished from S. yueyangense Dai, 1995, by its narrower carapace (vs. wider), the moderately triangular telson (vs. telson narrower and longer), the moderately long anterolateral teeth (vs. much longer), and an anteriorly directed tip of the terminal segment of the G 1 (vs. tip directed inwards) [Figs. 7���9 (a-c); Dai 1995: Fig. 3 (2, 4��� 6), Pl. 1 (6); Dai 1999: Fig. 120 (2, 4��� 6), Pl. 14 (7)]. Sinopotamon gaocuense differs from S. lansi in its narrower carapace and the slender and anteriorly directed distal segment of the G 1. In S. lansi, the carapace is wider, the distal segment of the G 1 is stout, and the tip of the distal segment curves inwards [Doflein 1902: Pl. 6 (3); Dai 1999: Fig. 119 (4���6), Pl. 14 (6)]., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Yeo, Darren C. J. & Zhou, Xianmin, 2008, Five new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from China, pp. 49-68 in Zootaxa 1812 on pages 57-60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182785, {"references":["Doflein, F. (1902) Ostasiatische Dekapoden. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Munchen 21 (3), 613 - 670, 1 - 6 pls.","Dai, A. Y. (1999) Fauna Sinica (Arthropoda. Crustacea. Malacostraca. Decapoda. Parathelphusidae. Potamidae). Beijing, Science Press, 1 - 501, 1 - 238 figs., 1 - 30 pls."]}

Key to species of the genus Latopotamon 1. Terminal segment of G 1 relatively narrower, gradually curved dorsal-ward, bent outwards from proximal half .......................................................................................................................... L. qujingense spec. nov. -. Terminal segment of G 1 stout, bent dorsal-outward almost perpendicularly from base.............................. 2 2. Outer proximal part of the terminal segment with a large hump, tip of terminal segment rounded; inner margin of the subterminal segment being strongly expanded proximally ........... L. xuanweiense spec. nov. -. Outer proximal part of the terminal segment only with a small hump, tip of terminal segment pointed medially; inner margin of the subterminal segment being slightly expanded submedially......................... ....................................................................................................................... L. obtortum (Dai et al., 1984)

Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. (Figs. 10���12) Material examined. Holotype: male, 26.5 �� 33.4 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0006, Jinjiang River, Xueli Village (ca. 27 �� 49 ��� 0 1 ������N 109 �� 48 ��� 0 3 ������E), Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu���nan Province, China, coll. Huilin Duan & Xianmin Zhou, 26 Jul. 2005. Paratypes: 1 male, 21.7 �� 26.7 mm, 7 females, 21.9 �� 27.4 ��� 24.9 �� 31.5 mm, NCU MCP 2008.0007, data same as holotype; 2 males, 26.9 �� 34.6, 26.9 �� 33.2 mm, 4 females, 23.8 �� 29.4 ��� 28.6 �� 36.6 mm, ZRC 2008.0015, data same as holotype; 3 males, 22.9 ��28.0��� 24.5 �� 30.2 mm, 2 females, 21.6 �� 28.1, 24.6 �� 31.4 mm, NMNS- 5752 -001, data same as holotype. Description. Carapace (Fig. 10 a) broader than long, widest across middle of anterolateral margins, CW 1.22���1.30 times (mean 1.26, n = 12) CL; dorsal surface flat, smooth; epigastric, postorbital cristae oblique; cervical, H-shaped gastric grooves shallow, indistinct; anterolateral region with elongated granules. Front gently directed downwards, anterior margin straight, frontal region granulated. Supra-, infraorbital margins (Fig. 10 b) cristate, lined with small granules, only inner part of suborbital region, anterior part of pterygostomial region with granules. External orbital angle directed anterior-inward, outer margin about 3 times longer than inner margin; epibranchital tooth distinct, anterolateral margin convex laterally, granules distinct. Antennular fossa rectangular; epistome with posterior margin cristate, lined with granules, with sharp triangular median tooth. Palp of mandible three-segmented, with terminal segment simple. Third maxilliped (Figs. 10 b, 11) rectangular, midlength of ischium about 2 times that of merus, exopod reaching proximal two-fifths of outer margin of merus, flagellum long, slightly shorter than width of merus. Thoracic sternites 2, 3 demarcated by unevenness, suture between sternites 3, 4 indiscernible. Abdominal cavity reaching imaginary line joining posterior quarter of cheliped coxae, cavity relatively wide, distance between inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 4, 5 longer than third length of distance between sternal condyles; sternal condyle on slightly below middle of thoracic sternite 5; thoracic sternite 8 demarcated medially by uninterrupted longitudinal median line, without transverse ridge at inner ends of sutures between thoracic sternites 7, 8. Cheliped (Fig. 10 a) slightly asymmetrical, major cheliped stouter, longer than minor; merus granulated on dorsal, ventral margins; carpus with strong, sharp inner angle, small tooth below angle; palm smooth, height shorter than length; fingers as long as palm, gape narrow when closed, cutting edge lined with low teeth. Ambulatory legs (Fig. 10 a) moderately long, surfaces rough, anterior margin of meri lined with obtuse low teeth, moderately long, second, third longest when stretched laterally; dactyli as long as respective propodi in P 2 ���P 4, slightly shorter in P 5. Abdomen (Fig. 11) with regularly divergent lateral margins, first abdominal segment with transverse ridge; third segment widest; telson with lateral margins concave proximally, width 1.26 times length (n = 1), 1.29 times (n = 1) longer than sixth segment, sixth segment width 2.21 times length (n = 1). G 1 (Figs. 12 a, b) stout; proximal outer part of subterminal segment concave; outer ventral layer of subterminal segment with suture along inner margin, distal part of subterminal segment raised ventrally, distodorsal part concave medially, boundary between subterminal, terminal segments membrane-like; distal segment length quarter of total G 1 length, strongly bent inwards, opening on subdistal part of anterior surface. G 2 (Fig. 12 c) as long as G 1, flagellum ribbon-like, about three-fifths length of narrowed part of basal segment. Distribution and habitat. Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. is found from the type locality (Gaocun Rural, Mayang Miao autonomous county, Hu���nan Province, China;> 200m asl. ) Hu���nan (mayang) The species was found from under screes in a rivulet. Remarks. Sinopotamon mayangense spec. nov. is similar to S. bilobatum Dai & Jiang, 1991, and S. nanlingense Dai & Jiang, 1991, in the short, stout and bent distal segment of the G 1 of the three species. Sinopotamon mayangense, however, can be distinguished from S. bilobatum by the strong bent (ca. 60 ��) of the terminal segment of the G 1 [vs. blunt and less bent (ca. 45 ��)], a tapering tip of the terminal segment (vs. bilobate distal tips), and the subdistal opening of the terminal segment (vs. opening distal) [Figs. 12 a, b; Dai & Jiang 1991: Fig. 2 (3, 4); Dai 1999: Fig. 123 (4, 5)]. Sinopotamon mayangense can be differentiated from S. nanlingense by the strongly bent (ca. 60 ��) terminal segment of the G 1 [vs. less bent (ca. 45 ��)] and rounded outer margin of the terminal segment of the G 1 (vs. distal third narrowed, so that the lateral margin is angular) [Figs. 12 a, b; Dai & Jiang 1991: Fig. 3 (3, 4); Dai 1999: Fig. 173 (4, 5)]., Published as part of Naruse, Tohru, Yeo, Darren C. J. & Zhou, Xianmin, 2008, Five new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from China, pp. 49-68 in Zootaxa 1812 on pages 60-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182785, {"references":["Dai, A. Y. & Jiang, Y. P. (1991) On three new species of Sinopotamon (Decapoda: Sinopotamidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 16 (3), 290 - 296, 1 pl. [in Chinese with English summary]","Dai, A. Y. (1999) Fauna Sinica (Arthropoda. Crustacea. Malacostraca. Decapoda. Parathelphusidae. Potamidae). Beijing, Science Press, 1 - 501, 1 - 238 figs., 1 - 30 pls."]}