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Exploring the synergy types and optimization paths between Poverty Alleviation Effectiveness and Rural Revitalization is necessary for achieving the two centenary goals. Taking poverty alleviation counties in Hunan Province, China as an example, our study proposed an indicator to measure the synergistic development between Poverty Alleviation Effectiveness and Rural Revitalization using the multi-index integrated evaluation method. Then, the coupling types were classified based on both the proposed indicator and regional characteristics. Besides, the corresponding optimization path for each coupling type was proposed to promote the synergistic development of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization. Results are as follows: 1) Lower synergy focused on the southwestern Hunan, while low synergy is widely distributed (such as the west, southwest, northwest, and midland). Moderate synergy is in the midland, such as Huaihua and Chenzhou cities. High synergy is distributed in Yongzhou, Huaihua, Xiangxi cities, etc. Besides, only Hecheng City belongs to the higher synergy. 2) This paper proposes corresponding development paths for different development characteristics and main problems from multiple perspectives of the protection system, industrial planning, and rural market. Continuously consolidate and enhance the effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization to achieve coupled and synergistic development of the two systems. Our research results can provide theoretical support for implementing Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization in Hunan Province, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poverty eradication is a realistic requirement for the addressing of the urban-rural development imbalance. It consolidates the achievements of the poverty alleviation, and accelerates the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. In research that deals with poverty, qualitative analysis is often used to study the connection between a single influencing factor and poverty reduction, and to solve regional poverty through government measures. However, these studies usually ignore the multidimensional nature of poverty, and the fact that poverty alleviation also needs to be approached from multiple perspectives. By constructing a theoretical framework of poverty alleviation performance from the perspective of sustainable development, this study selects contiguous poverty-stricken areas in the Hunan Province, China as the empirical study area, constructs an evaluation index system from the three dimensions of economic development, infrastructure and people's livelihood security, and selects influencing factors from three aspects of 'population', 'land' and 'industry'. The spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance in poverty-stricken areas were studied by using the methods of entropy weight method and geodetector. The results show: firstly, in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province, the performance of poverty alleviation in the economic development makes little difference, showing a 'high-medium-low' cross-distribution pattern. The poverty alleviation performance of the infrastructure presents a distribution pattern of 'low in the middle and high on both sides. The poverty alleviation performance of people's livelihood security has significant spatial differentiation characteristics, which all present a reunion distribution. The overall poverty alleviation performance varies greatly, showing a funnel-shaped distribution in space. Secondly, the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors. 'Population' is the dominant factor affecting the performance of poverty alleviation, 'land' is the basic factor that causes the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance, and 'industry' is the key factor for the improvement of the poverty alleviation ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]