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Summary: Organometal halide perovskite (OHP) has drawn extensive research interest because of its high efficiency, cheap cost, and facile production procedure. However, the commercialization of OHP is still limited owing to its unstable behaviour in open‐air conditions and toxicity due to the presence of lead in commonly used methyalammonium lead perovskite. The mismatch between the current density and voltage curves concerning the scan direction, also known as J‐V hysteresis, is one of the instabilities that creates a serious problem in the overall device performance in MAPbI3 bases perovskite solar cells. In this manuscript, all inorganic lead‐free double perovskite‐based solar cell is computationally simulated, and overall device performance is optimised using solar cell capacitance software. Proposed solar cell is composed of lead‐free Cs2AuBiCl6 double perovskite as the main absorber material and Zn(O, S), CuSCN as an electron transport material and hole transport material, respectively. Due to its high absorption coefficient (≈105 cm−1) and low reflectance, Cs2AuBiCl6 is investigated as a lead‐free double perovskite substitute for OHP. The layered architecture consists of FTO/Zn(O, S)/ Cs2AuBiCl6/CuSCN/Au is optimised by varying the thickness of the absorber layer, the defect density of main absorber layer, interfacial defect and operating temperature. Once the device is optimised, then J‐V hysteresis is performed using two different defect model‐based strategies. Simulation finding gives decent power conversion efficiency of 20.5% with almost negligible hysteresis. These simulation‐based studies on Cs2AuBiCl6 will give guidance for designing and developing a high‐efficiency eco‐friendly lead‐free perovskite solar cell as an alternative to traditional lead‐based perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An appealing and feasible approach to develop an ultra‐high performance and price‐effective all‐thin‐film photovoltaic cell is to use a perovskite and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) in tandem configuration. In this simulation‐based study, an innovative 2‐terminal (2T) perovskite‐CIGS tandem solar cell has been proposed with extended cost savings, along with improved performance. First, a perovskite top cell with a bandgap of 1.5 eV and CIGS bottom subcell with 1.1 eV bandgap are simulated to have conversion efficiency of 16.69 and 15.98 %, respectively. The systems are tested for tandem configuration after setting the individual top and bottom subcells to correct values. To calculate the current matching point, both top and bottom absorber layer thicknesses are varied. The optimised thicknesses are 151 and 1000 nm for top and bottom subcells in the tandem cells. The top cell performance parameters are calculated by illuminating standard AM 1.5G solar spectrum keeping absorber thickness at 151 nm. While as, the bottom cell performance parameters are estimated using illumination of the filtered spectrum. The proposed tandem configuration composed of CIGS/CdS/ZnO/Spiro/Perovskite/C‐TiO2 showed a power conversion efficiency and open‐circuit voltage of 23.17 % and 1.646 volts, respectively. Consequently, we consider that the current study would deliver considerable progression in the field of CIGS/perovskite tandem photovoltaic cells, toward commercial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • For market PSC, long-term reliability under open-air conditions is essential. • (2D) perovskites seem to exhibit good stability due to the presence of hydrophobic organic spacers. • Mixed perovskites is promising candidate for long-term stability and high performances. • Using optical simulation features of SCAPS, absorption of light is computed in the proposed device. • The computational results confirm the thickness effect of 2D perovskite on solar cell parameters. Three-dimensional (3D) metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a power conversion efficiency that is now comparable with conventional silicon solar cells. For PSC applications to succeed in the market, long-term reliability under open-air conditions is essential. Recent experiments have shown that two-dimensional (2D) perovskites seem to exhibit good stability due to the presence of hydrophobic organic spacers, but 2D PSCs are incapable of generating and transporting a large amount of charge due to their extended optical bandgaps. Mixed dimensional perovskites with dimension lies between 2D and 3D recently became a promising candidate to sustain long-term stability and high performances concurrently to address this obstacle. The current research article presents the finding of simulation-based studies performed on novel device architecture consisting of ITO/Nb-Ti 2 O 3 /3D Perovskite/2D Perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au. Using optical simulation features of SCAPS, absorption of light is computed in the proposed device. The computational results show that the thickness of the 2D perovskite layer badly affects the solar cell parameters. A thin 2D perovskite behaves as a capped coating that avoids the deterioration of 3D perovskite in open-air environments. The effect of a multivalent defect in the 3D perovskite layer is mathematically modelled, and their impact on overall performance parameters are analyzed. The findings are compared to the same configuration results, except where the absorber layer's multivalent defect has been substituted by a neutral defect of the same defect density of about (1011 cm−3). Results show that the multivalent defect leads to an underestimation of the efficiency by 4.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organometallic halide-perovskite solar cells have undergone massive improvements in power conversion efficiency in the past decade, from around 4% in 2009 to 24% in 2019. A hotly debated issue in this field involves the investigation of economical, stable and power-efficient hole transport materials (HTMs) and electron transport materials in order to improve overall device performance and feasibility of mass production in the coming years. Even though the conventional (n-i-p) structure continues to be the most commonly used in perovskite solar cells, research in the field has shown that its potential for further commercial application is limited due to the higher J–V hysteresis and need for high temperature during fabrication. To address this issue, inverted (p-i-n) perovskite structures have been seriously examined because of their straightforward processability at low and moderate temperatures. These investigations have established that the HTMs are a significant part of the inverted (p-i-n) perovskite structure, which can render shape to a specific contact. They are perfect for reducing charge recombination and effective hole collection to enhance the overall performance of the device. This article examines in minute detail the different characteristics of inorganic hole transport materials used in inverted perovskite structures over the past decade, including power conversion efficiency, device configuration, energy band position and synthesis methods. It goes on to briefly discuss the stability analysis conducted to identify the factors which make perovskite unstable, so that possible ways to further optimize the performance parameters may be derived from the observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that use carbon electrodes and low-temperature processed electron transport layers (ETLs) show great promise in meeting global energy needs at an affordable price. Our current research is focused on the development of carbon-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that incorporate low-temperature titanium oxide electron transport layers (ETLs) to enhance their photovoltaic performance. In our approach, we introduce potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) material into the pre-solution of the MAPbI 3 perovskite to fabricate a light-harvesting layer. This promising technique has shown great potential in improving the overall performance of PSCs. This additive reduces the formation of non-radiative recombination centers, resulting in a perovskite layer that is desirable and free from defects. Furthermore, photovoltaic devices based on potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) exhibit reduced transfer resistance, leading to faster charge transfer at the interfaces of TiO 2 /perovskite and perovskite/carbon electrodes. As a result, the efficiency of PSCs can be improved by up to 14.89%, which is significantly higher than the recorded efficiency of unmodified PSCs at 12.05%. In addition, PSCs based on potassium hexacyanoferrate show greater stability in ambient air compared to their unmodified counterparts. • Low-temperature processed ETLs in carbon-based PSCs meet energy needs affordably. • Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) improves performance in MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells. • Photovoltaic devices with potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) exhibit faster charge transfer, enhancing efficiency and stability in ambient air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite materials owing to their unique properties for photovoltaic applications, widely have been considered by researchers as a desirable candidate for solar cell devices. State-of-the-Art perovskite solar cells (PSCs) recorded a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.7%. Herein, we focused on improving both the stability and photovoltaic performance of PSCs via an interface engineering at the mesoporous titanium dioxide (mp-TiO 2)/perovskite interface. We employed 8-Oxychinoline (8-Oxin) material to tailor the surface of mp-TiO 2 and prepare a favorable plane for deposition of perovskite. The 8-Oxin material reduced charge transfer resistance (Rct) and increased charge recombination resistance (Rrec) in the PSCs, suggesting an effective defects passivation at the interface of mp-TiO 2 and perovskite layers and a reduction in the trap-assisted recombination, which is consistent with the PL results. Our method recorded a champion PCE of 19.03% for PSCs, higher than a PCE of 14.91% obtained for control PSCs. Notably, the 8-Oxin improved the wettability of mp-TiO 2 and affected perovskite grain growth, leading to a more compact and smooth perovskite layer. The 8-Oxin material improved the humidity resistance of PSCs due to diminished surface' paths for the reaction with humidity and suppressed surplus PbI 2 in the corresponding perovskite layer. • 8-Oxychinoline-based interface engineering enhances the photovoltaic properties of the perovskite layer. • A champion PCE of 19.03% was obtained for MAPbI 3 -based perovskite solar cells. • The 8-Oxychinoline-based treatment facilitates electron transfer at the ETL/perovskite interface. • The suggested engineering method increases stability of the perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]