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Diplomsko delo Predšolski otrok v vrtcu in prehranske omejitve je sestavljeno iz dveh delov. Teoretični del zajema opredelitev prehranjevanja v vrtcu, kamor je vključen, opis smernic za prehranjevanje v vzgojno-izobraževalnih ustanovah, kaj določa kurikulum za vrtce glede prehrane, kakšni so dietni režimi v vrtcih ter kakšna so najnovejša priporočila za medicinsko indicirane diete. V nadaljevanju teoretičnega dela pa smo razdelili razloge za različne prehranske omejitve na medicinsko indicirane razloge v svoj sklop in verske ter etične razloge v drug samostojen sklop ter jih podrobneje opisali. Z izvedbo empiričnega dela smo želeli ugotoviti, ali je za otroke s prehranskimi omejitvami v ptujskih vrtcih dobro poskrbljeno in kakšni so pogoji za odobritev dietnega krožnika za predšolskega otroka v teh vrtcih. Tako empirični del zajema tri vodene intervjuje, in sicer z organizatorko prehrane Vrtca Ptuj, ravnateljico Zasebnega vrtca Vilinski gaj in uslužbenko Vrtca Montessori Ptuj, sledi jim pa še analiza posameznega intervjuja. Na podlagi izvedenih intervjujev smo prišli do zaključka, da ptujski vrtci omogočajo diete na podlagi medicinsko indiciranih diet, v enem izmed vrtcev pa pridejo v poštev za dieto tudi razna druga potrdila. Dissertation thesis A preschool child in kindergarten and dietary limitations is composed out of two parts. The theoretical part includes nutrition definition in kindergarten with description of nutrition guidelines valid for educational institutions, what the nutrition curriculum provides for kindergarten and what are the diet programmes and recent recommendations for medically indicated diets. In the continuation of theoretical part, we have divided the reasons for different dietary restrictions, i.e. medically indicated reasons into their own set and religious and ethical reasons to another separate set and describe both sets in more detail. Through the empirical work we wanted to find out whether children with nutritional restrictions in kindergartens in Ptuj are well taken care of and what are the conditions for approving a diet plate for a pre-schooler in these kindergartens. The empirical part covers three guided interviews with the nutrition organizer of Ptuj kindergarten, the headmaster of private kindergarten Vilinski gaj and a staff member of Montessori kindergarten Ptuj, followed by an analysis of each interview. Based on the interviews we have come to conclusion, that kindergartens provide diets based on medically indicated diets and various other certificates are also being considered in one of the kindergartens.

V diplomskem delu z naslovom Otrokovi odzivi v konfliktnih situacijah glede na spol in starost smo v prvi vrsti opredelili, kakšen pomen za otroka nosi socialni razvoj, ob tem pa opisali tudi medsebojne odnose. Osredinili smo se na pojem konflikt in vključili definicije različnih avtorjev. V nadaljevanju smo našteli vrste konfliktov in jih na kratko opisali, za tem pa opisali vzroke konfliktov ter preko opredelitev posameznih avtorjev potrdili tudi lastno mnenje, da se vzroki za nastanek konfliktov od posameznika do posameznika razlikujejo. Sledila je opredelitev odzivov na konflikte, kjer smo se osredinili na to, kako se posamezniki odzivajo na konflikte, kako so odzivi na konflikte povezani z družino, na kakšen način se na konflikte odzivajo deklice in dečki ter poiskali opredelitve, kakšna je razlika v odzivanju na konflikte glede na starost. K temu smo v nadaljevanju dodali še načine reševanja konfliktov, ki smo jih povzeli po različni literaturi. Na koncu teoretičnega dela pa smo vključili tudi komunikacijo in jo opredelili z definicijami različnih avtorjev. V empiričnem delu smo z metodo anketiranja pridobili podatke, ki smo jih predstavili v obliki grafov in opisa. Z analizo podatkov smo ugotovili, da konflikt med otroki najpogosteje nastane zaradi igrač, da med dečki konflikt nastane pogosteje kot pa med deklicami, da se deklice na konflikte najpogosteje odzivajo z jokom, dečki pa z agresijo in da so pri dečkih glavni povod za nastanek konflikta igrače, pri deklicah pa pomoč vzgojiteljici. V zaključku diplomskega dela smo ovrednotili hipoteze in predstavili ugotovitve, do katerih smo prišli med prebiranjem literature in z analizo rezultatov ankete. In the following thesis, titled Children's Responses to Conflict Based on Gender and Age, we first specified how important a child’s social development is, including their interpersonal relationships. Then we focused on the concept of conflict, including definitions of various authors. Furthermore, we stated and described the types of conflict as well as the causes for it. Through the definitions of various authors, our own opinion was confirmed i.e. the causes of conflict differ from individual to individual. Then followed the definition of the responses to conflict, where we focused on how individuals respond to conflict, how the responses to conflict are connected to the family background, and in what ways girls and boys respectively respond to conflict. We searched for the differences in responses based on age as well. Furthermore, we included the methods of conflict resolution, and found various ways of resolving conflicts through researching written resources. We also wrote about communication and its various definitions in the final chapter of the theoretical part. In the empirical part of the thesis, we used the interview method to obtain data, which was then presented in the form of tables, charts, and descriptions. According to the data acquired, we established the following: conflict among children most frequently occurs because of toys conflict is more frequent among boys rather than girls boys most frequently respond to conflict by crying, which is also true for girls, and the main cause of conflict in boys are toys, whereas the main cause of conflict in girls is the help of preschool teachers. In the conclusion, we evaluated the hypotheses and presented the findings acquired during my analysis of written resources as well as my analysis of interviews.

V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali nasilje pri predšolskih otrocih ter dejavnike, ki vplivajo nanj. Diplomska naloga je sestavljena iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. O nasilju dandanes govori vse več ljudi. Najverjetneje ravno zato, ker je danes v naših življenjih prisotnega več nasilja kot nekoč. Zavedati se moramo, da se že najmlajši otroci srečujejo z različnimi vrstami nasilja, kar lahko močno vpliva na njihov nadaljnji razvoj in življenje. Pomembno pa je tudi, da se nasilja zavedamo ter ga poskušamo čim bolj preprečevati. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge smo želeli raziskati, kaj je nasilje ter katere vrste nasilja poznamo. Vsako izmed vrst nasilja smo na kratko predstavili. Ker se po našem mnenju največ nasilja v predšolskem obdobju dogaja ravno v otrokovi družini, smo raziskali tudi to poglavje, in sicer z vidika prepoznavanja otroka, ki je žrtev nasilja v družini, predstavili pa smo tudi načine, kako tem otrokom pomagati. Raziskali smo, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na nasilno vedenje oziroma so lahko povod za takšno vedenje, npr. mediji, vrstniki ipd. V empiričnem delu smo poskušali ugotoviti, kako nasilje ocenjujejo starši predšolskih otrok. Raziskava je temeljila na tem, kako starši ocenjujejo nasilje oziroma kaj po njihovem mnenju nasilje sploh je. Povprašali smo jih tudi o tem, ali svojim otrokom dopuščajo gledanje nasilnih vsebin ter ali se z njimi pogovarjajo o nasilju. Želeli smo ugotoviti, kakšna je povezava med (ne)nasilnim vedenjem predšolskih otrok in izobrazbo njihovih staršev ter ali obstajajo razlike v vedenju predšolskih otrok glede na izobrazbo njihovih staršev. Raziskali smo tudi, kaj po mnenju staršev najbolj vpliva na nasilno vedenje otrok: mediji, vrstniki ali družina. Menimo, da je mnenje staršev glede nasilja in njegovega preprečevanja izredno pomembno, saj so predšolski otroci večinoma odvisni od njih ter njihovih ravnanj in mnenj. In the present thesis we focus on violence among preschool children and factors which contribute to such behaviour. The thesis consists of a theoretical and empirical part. Nowadays more and more people talk about violence. A possible reason for that could be the presence of violence in our lives, which seems to have increased compared to the past. We have to acknowledge that even the youngest children encounter various kinds of violence, which may have a strong impact on their further development and life in general. Therefore, it is very important to be aware of violence and to try to prevent it by all means. The theoretical part of the thesis concentrates on defining violence and on the research into various types of violence, of which each type is shortly presented. Since the majority of cases of violent behaviour in preschool period presumably takes place within children’s families, this problem has been given special attention. It includes recognising the child who has been victim of abuse, but also different approaches to helping these children. The research also tries to determine factors which trigger or importantly contribute to violent behaviour, such as the media, peers, etc. The empirical part concentrates on the attitude of parents of preschool children towards violence. The research is based on their views and their explanation of what can be seen as violent behaviour. They were asked about whether their children are allowed to watch violent programmes and whether the parents talk to them about violence. Another aim was to find out if there might be a connection between (non)violent behaviour among preschool children and the education of their parents, and whether or not there are differences in children’s behaviour according to the level of education of their parents. The research also includes the opinion of the parents about what they think is the major cause of violent behaviour of the children: the media, peers, or the family. We firmly believe that the attitude of parents towards violence and the prevention of it is of great importance since preschool children are strongly dependent on them, their opinion and their behaviour.

Diplomsko delo obravnava vlogo športa v družini predšolskega otroka. V teoretičnem delu smo se ukvarjali z družino, njenim bistvom, njenimi nalogami in vlogo, ki je ključnega pomena pri oblikovanju otrokovih izkušenj, navad ter vrednot, tudi pri športnem udejstvovanju. Vsebina diplomske naloge se torej dotika tako družine kot tudi športa. Osredotočili smo se na predšolskega otroka in na družino, v kateri živi. Pobližje smo spoznali, kakšen je otrokov gibalni razvoj, kako lahko starši vplivajo na športne aktivnosti otroka, kakšen je pomen športnih dejavnosti za otrokov razvoj, kako je pomembno gibalno okolje in kakšne so lahko športne dejavnosti za predšolske otroke. Namen empiričnega dela diplomske naloge je bil preučiti vlogo športa v družini predšolskega otroka. Izveden je bil anketni vprašalnik za starše iz podeželskega in mestnega okolja, ki so ga prejeli v vrtcu svojega otroka. Pridobljene rezultate smo dopolnjevali s teoretičnimi izhodišči in jih primerjali s postavljenimi hipotezami, ki smo si jih zastavili na začetku diplomskega dela. Ugotovili smo, da se je športno udejstvovanje v družinah predšolskega otroka povečalo. The thesis deals with the role of sport in the family of the preschool child. In the theoretical part we dealed with the family, it`s essence, the tasks of the family and it`s role which is crucial for shaping the child`s experiences, habits and values even in sports activities. The content of the thesis relates to the family and the sport. We focused on the preschool child and the family which he or she belongs to. We discussed in detail the child`s motor development, the influence of parents in the child`s sports activities, the importance of sports activities for child`s development, the importance of physical environment and different sports activities for preschool children. The purpose of the empirical part was to study the role of sport in the family of the preschool child. The parents from the rural and urban environment got the questionnaires in kindergartens which their children attend. The results obtained were supplemented by theroretical starting points and compared to the hypotheses which had been set in the beginning of the thesis. We found out that sports activities in the families of preschool children have increased.

Diplomska naloga, naslovljena kot Spolna vzgoja v družini predšolskega otroka, je sestavljena iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. Za navedeno temo smo se odločili, ker še vedno gre za eno izmed tabu tem. Zanimalo nas je, kako se starši predšolskih otrok soočajo s spolno vzgojo oziroma ali ocenjujejo, da je le-ta v predšolskem obdobju že potrebna. Raziskali smo tudi težave, s katerimi se starši predšolskega otroka srečujejo ob poučevanju otroka o spolnosti ter navedli nekatere rešitve. Namen naloge predstavlja tudi raziskava, kako (posledično) sprejemajo spolnost predšolski otroci, v katera spolna dejanja so vpleteni, ter kako reagirajo v določenih spolnih situacijah. Ugotavljali smo tudi, kako mediji vplivajo na spolno vzgojo oziroma kakšno vlogo pri tem igrajo. Na podlagi strokovne in znanstvene (tuje) literature smo opredelili teorije in mnenja različnih avtorjev o obravnavani temi. Uporabili smo raziskovalno metodo spletne ankete, v kateri so sodelovali starši otrok, starih med 4 in 6 let. Pridobljene rezultate smo statistično obdelali z računalniškim programom Microsoft Excel. Ugotovitve raziskave so pokazale, da večina staršev predšolskih otrok dandanes ne obravnava spolnosti kot tabu temo, iz katerega razloga lahko tudi potrdimo, da so v večji meri že omenjali spolne teme v lastni družini. Ugotovili smo, da veliko staršev predšolskih otrok nima nobenih težav pri poučevanju svojih otrok o spolnosti, da se o tem preprosto med seboj pogovorijo. V določenih spolnih situacijah precej staršev reagira dokaj primerno, medtem pa se jih še vedno nekaj najde, ki ravna neprimerno. Na podlagi odzivov staršev smo ugotovili, da večina otrok ne gleda na določeno spolno situacijo kot prepovedano, ampak jo normalno sprejema, kot vsak zdrav razvijajoč se otrok. Prav tako se večina staršev strinja, da imajo mediji agresivnejši vpliv na spolno vzgojo ter da knjige pri tem predstavljajo učinkovitejšo rešitev. The diploma thesis Sex Education in the Family of a Preschool Child has a theoretical and an empirical part. We have decided for this topic because it still remains one of the taboo topics in our modern world. The main focus was on the fact how do parents of preschool children evaluate or react on the importance of sex education in the preschool period. We have also explored the issues that occur while teaching a child about sexuality and added some possible solutions. The additional purpose of the diploma thesis was also the research on how do preschool children react or accept sexuality, in which sexual acts are they directly involved, and how they react in specific sexual situation. We have found out how the media affect sex education and which part do they take in the process. Based on a professional and scientific literature, we have defined many theories and personal opinions of different authors that explore the topic. Our research method was the online survey that was given to the parents of the preschool children, aged from 4 to 6 years. The given results were statistically processed with a Microsoft Excel. The findings of our study showed that the majority of parents of preschool children do not agree with sexuality being a taboo topic. Consequently, we can confirm that they had mentioned or discussed sexual topics within their families. We discovered that the majority of parents do not have major problems when teaching the preschool children about sex and sexuality, and that they tend to talk freely about the topic. In specific situations, some parents react appropriately, while a minority might react in an inappropriate way. Based on parents’ responses, we found out that most children do not consider a specific sexual situation forbidden, but they normally accept it as healthy developing children would do. In addition, the majority of parents agree that the media have aggressive influence on the sex education and that books represent a better and more effective solution on how to teach the preschool children about the sensitive topic.

V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali medije in predvsem televizijo kot pomemben dejavnik v otrokovem razvoju. Diplomska naloga je sestavljena iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. Mediji so dandanes prisotni povsod. So del našega vsakdanjika in jih srečamo na vsakem koraku. Tudi predšolski otroci se z mediji srečujejo vsak dan doma, na poti v vrtec, v vrtcu itd. Otroci se srečujejo z različnimi junaki, ki jim predstavljajo jim vzor in se poistovetijo z njimi. Gledajo različne risanke, programe, oddaje, pri tem pa je zelo pomembna vloga staršev in vzgojiteljev. Starši in vzgojitelji lahko veliko pripomoremo k temu, da nadzorujemo vsebine, ki jih otroci gledajo, gledamo televizijo z njimi, se z njimi pogovarjamo, jih spodbujamo in poskušamo najti čim več pozitivnih vplivov televizije, so pa vsekakor prisotni tudi negativni vplivi. V diplomski nalogi smo želeli raziskati in ugotoviti, na katera področja vpliva televizija, zakaj otroci gledajo televizijo in kako razumejo gledane oddaje, seznaniti se z negativnimi in pozitivnimi vplivi televizije, ugotoviti, kako televizija prispeva k razvoju nasilja in agresije predšolskega otroka, ter raziskati, kako starši in vzgojitelji lahko pripomorejo k temu, da predšolski otrok televizije ne gleda prekomerno in kako mu omejiti gledanje televizije. V empiričnem delu smo poskušali ugotoviti, kako televizija vpliva na razvoj predšolskega otroka. Zastavili smo si šest hipotez, in sicer: predšolski otroci anketiranih staršev v povprečju gledajo televizijo največ 2 uri na dan, predšolski otroci anketiranih staršev si pogosto zaželijo igrače in druge stvari iz oglasov, ki jih zasledijo po televiziji, anketirani starši svojim predšolskim otrokom postavijo omejitve in pravila o gledanih televizijskih oddajah, predšolski otrok posnema junake, ki jih vidi po televiziji, pretirano gledanje televizije ima negativen vpliv na zdravje predšolskih otrok in predšolski otroci anketiranih staršev po televiziji največkrat gledajo risanke. Nowadays, media are everywhere. They are a part of our everyday life. Preschool children get in contact with media every day at home, on the way to the kindergarten, in the kindergarten etc. Children meet various characters that are their role models and identify with them. They watch various cartoons, programs, TV shows and therefore the role of parents and preschool teachers is very important. Parents and preschool teachers can aid with controlling the contents that children watch we can watch TV with them, talk to them, encourage them and try to find as many positive effects of TV as possible however, some of the effects are also negative. In the diploma thesis, we wanted to research and determine which areas TV affects, why children watch TV and how they understand the content we wanted to research the negative and positive effects of TV, find out how the TV influences violence and aggression development in preschool children and how can parents and preschool teachers prevent excessive TV watching and how to limit it. In the empirical part, we tried to find out how TV affects development of preschool children, so we proposed the following six hypotheses: preschool children of interviewed parents watch TV maximum of two hours a day on average preschool children of interviewed parents often want toys and other things from commercials they see on TV the interviewed parents give limitations and rules regarding the TV shows to their preschool children a preschool child imitates the characters seen on TV the excessive TV watching has a negative effect on the health of preschool children the preschool children of interviewed parents most often watch cartoons.

Predšolski otrok ob sebi nujno potrebuje odraslo osebo, ki ga usmerja, vzgaja in uči. Starši, skrbniki ali strokovni delavci se morajo za otroka zavzeti in mu nuditi čim boljše življenjske pogoje. V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela so navedeni in opisani razlogi, kaj starše ali skrbnike privede, da začnejo zanemarjati svojega otroka, na kakšne načine to počnejo in kako se predšolski otrok ob tem počuti. Razčlenjene so vrste zanemarjenosti in vsaka izmed njih je posebej opredeljena. Predšolski otrok v času zanemarjanja trpi, zato je pomembno, da se problemi in težave odpravijo. Opisani in navedeni so pristopi k reševanju zanemarjanja ter predlogi kako pomagati tudi staršem ali skrbnikom. Pomembno je, da starši ali skrbniki s tem dejanjem nemudoma prenehajo in ga več ne ponavljajo. V empiričnem delu diplomskega dela so navedeni rezultati ali obstajajo razlike med mestnimi in podeželskimi otroci glede na higieno, ali se otroci ločenih staršev manj gibajo, kateri starši ali skrbniki (zanemarjenih ali ne zanemarjenih otrok) pogosteje komunicirajo z vzgojitelji in ali obstaja povezava med ustvarjalnim področjem otroka ter izobrazbo staršev ali skrbnikov. Vsi pridobljeni podatki iz anketnih vprašalnikov so bili obdelani s programom SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) in prikazani v tabelah. A preschool child urgently needs an adult person which guides and educates him. Parents, guardians or practitioners must take great care of the child and provide him with the best possible living conditions. The theoretical part of this thesis consists of stated and characterized reasons regarding what leads parents and guardians towards a neglecting behavior of their child, how they are neglecting the child, and how does a preschool child feel. Moreover, the types of neglect are analyzed and each of the types is defined individually. During the period of neglect a preschool child is suffering badly, due to that it is necessary the problems and issues get eliminated. Described and stated are also the approaches for solving neglect, and how to help parents and guardians. It is of great importance that parents and guardians immediately stop with their neglecting behavior and do not repeat it. The empirical part of this thesis presents the results of whether there is a difference between urban and rural children regarding hygiene, if children of divorced parents are less physically active, which parents (of neglected or not neglected children) frequently communicate with the educators, and whether there is a link between the creative area of a child and the education of their parents or guardians. All data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and presented in tabular form.

Motiv za diplomsko delo je bilo soočenje z (nekaterimi) posledicami življenja v aktualni postmoderni, potrošniško naravnani družbi, ki je čedalje bolj materialistično orientirana. Oglaševalci in trgovci vedno več oglasov in reklamiranja namenjajo že predšolskim otrokom, saj vedo, da so ravno oni največji posredni, predvsem pa potencialni (odrasli) potrošniki. Namen dela je bil ugotoviti, kako se v tej družbi znajdejo družine s predšolskimi otroki in kako starši vzgajajo otroke ob tolikšni ponudbi izdelkov in reklam, ki otrokom vsak dan vzbujajo nove želje. Cilj empirične raziskave je bil proučiti vpliv predšolskih otrok na nakup staršev, vpliv medijev na potrošnjo predšolskih otrok in na razvoj otrokovih vrednot ter odziv staršev na otrokove načine prepričevanja le-teh v nakup. Diplomsko delo temelji na deskriptivni in kavzalno- neeksperimentalni metodi pedagoškega raziskovanja, kjer se je do podatkov prišlo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika z zaprtim in odprtim tipom vprašanj. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 120 staršev predšolskih otrok iz vrtcev občine Žalec. Analiza podatkov je pokazala, da na potrošnjo predšolskih otrok najbolj vplivajo televizijski oglasi, ki so jim privlačni zaradi zanimivega slikovnega gradiva, da se starši v večini primerov ne glede na otrokove načine prepričevanja v nakup ne pustijo zmesti in ne popustijo. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da otroci nimajo tako velikega vpliva na potrošnjo staršev kot se je pričakovalo. Skoraj vsi anketirani starši menijo, da mediji negativno vplivajo na razvoj otrokovih vrednot, saj jih želijo spremeniti v materialistične potrošnike in jim je mar le za visoki dobiček. The topic of this thesis has been chosen because we live in a modern consumer society that is more and more oriented towards materialistic goods. Advertisers and salesmen are increasingly aiming their focus on preschool children, because they are the largest indirect consumers. The aim was to find out how families with preschool children manage and raise their children with such a large amount of goods and advertisements making them constantly want new things. With an empirical study the effect of preschool children on their parents, the effect of media on the child's consumption, effect of media on the development of child's values and the reaction of parents to the various ways children push them into consumption, has been explored. The thesis is based on a descriptive and causal-nonexperimental method of pedagogical research, where data has been gathered from a survey based on closed and open ended questions. 120 parents of preschool children have been surveyed from the county Žalec. Data analysis has shown television advertisements have the most influence on the child due to interesting imagery and that parents do not easily let children confuse them or get persuaded. It has been discovered that children do not have as a major influence on parents consumption as initially hypothesized and that most parents believe the media presents a negative influence on the development of childrens values due to the sole drive of making people consumers and caring only about profit.

Družina in šport sta ključna dejavnika v diplomski nalogi. Ukvarjali smo se z družino, njenim bistvom, vidiki, tipologijo in vlogo, ki pripomore k oblikovanju otroka tako v socialnem kot športnem smislu. Za predšolskega otroka je družina ključnega pomena. V diplomski nalogi je predstavljena sama družina, v kateri poteka primarna socializacija. Sama vsebina diplomske naloge se nagiba tako k družini kot k samemu športu. Osredotočili smo se predvsem na predšolskega otroka, na družino, v kateri živi, kakšen je njegov položaj, kakšna je vloga in funkcija družine in kako družina pomaga predšolskemu otroku pri športnem udejstvovanju. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge smo poleg omenjenega opredelili šport in pomen športa tako za družino kot tudi za predšolskega otroka – športnika. Pobližje smo si pogledali različno teorijo, tako o družini kakor o športu. Zanimalo nas je, kako blizu sta si družinsko življenje in šport. Skozi empirični del smo raziskali jasen pogled na športno udejstvovanje družine. Starši iz primestnega in/ali mestnega okolja so izpolnjevali v vrtcu anketne vprašalnike za svojega otroka. Pridobljene rezultate smo dopolnjevali s teorijo in jih primerjali s postavljenimi hipotezami, ki smo si jih zastavili na začetku diplomske naloge. Ugotovili smo, da se je športno udejstvovanje v družini povečalo. Family and sports are the key elements in this diploma work. We were occupied with the family, its basis, aspects, typology, and its role which helps with child development, as well in social sense as in the aspect of sports. The family is essentially important for the preschool children. This diploma work presents the family as a place of primary socialization. The content of this diploma work includes both, the family and sports. We focused on the preschool child, the family the child lives in, his position in this family, the family's role and function, and the way the family helps the child participate in sports activities. Beside aforementioned, the theoretical part of this diploma work defines sport and the importance of sport for the family and for the preschool child - a sportsperson. We examined various theories about family and sports. We were interested in how families and sports are connected. The empirical part researches thoroughly how families participate in sports activities. Parents of suburban or/and urban environment were asked in kindergartens to fill out the questionnaires for their children. The given results were then completed with theory and compared to the theses we set up at the start of this diploma work. We could establish that participating of families in sports activities has increased.

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Predšolski otrok in zobozdravnik je sestavljeno iz dveh delov, teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. V teoretičnem delu smo predstavili zgradbo zob in razvoj zobovja v predšolskem obdobju. Velik poudarek je na negi otroških zob, ki zajema različne tehnike umivanja zob in sredstva za ustno higieno. Pri ustni higieni je najpomembnejša vloga staršev, vzgojitelja in pa seveda samega zobozdravnika, katerega pristop in obravnavo določajo starost, razvoj in bolezensko dogajanje otroka. Izpustiti ne smemo tudi pomen preventivnih pregledov, saj je bolezni lažje preprečiti kot zdraviti. Brez dvoma lahko rečemo, da otroški zobozdravnik s svojim delom in sodelovanjem s starši, vzgojitelji in učitelji izoblikuje odnos otroka pacienta do zobozdravnika ter zobozdravstva in vzgoji sodelujočega ali odklonilnega pacienta za vse življenje. Empirični del zajema ugotovitve, ki smo jih pridobili s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki so ga izpolnili starši predšolskih otrok vrtca Braslovče. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti začetek ustne higiene pri predšolskem otroku, poznavanje pravilne tehnike umivanja zob, pogostost umivanja zob, starost otroka ob prvem obisku zobozdravnika, odnos zobozdravnika do predšolskega otroka in pomen preventivnih pregledov. Z rezultati anket smo prišli do dejstev, ki nakazujejo, da so starši dovolj skrbni pri negi ustne higiene predšolskega otroka, poznavanju pravilne tehnike in pogostosti umivanja zob in redno sodelujejo in obiskujejo zobozdravnika, katerega odnos do malčkov naj bi bil s strani staršev zadovoljiv. The diploma thesis etitled Preschool child and the dentist consist of two parts: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part introduces tooth development and their structure of preschool child. Great emphasis is placed on the care of children's teeth, which covers a variety of techniques and means brushing your teeth for oral hygiene. Oral hygiene is the most important role of parents, preschool teachers and of course dentist itself, whose treatment approach and determine the age and development of illness child. Parents must be aware of teeth prevention. It's easier to prevent disease than cure. Without doubt, we emphasize that children's dentist whose work and cooperation with parents, preschool teachers, form a relationship a child patient to a dentist and dental care and education to participating or adverse patient for life. The empirical part of the findings, which were obtained through a survey questionnaire completed by the parents of preschool children kindergardten Braslovče. The purpose of this study was to determine the beginning of oral hygiene in preschool children, knowledge of proper techniques brushing your teeth, frequency of brushing teeth, child's age at first visit to the dentist, the dentist relationship to preschool children and the importance of prevetnivnih reviews. The results of the survey, we get to the facts, suggesting that parents are sufficiently diligent oral hygiene care for preschool children, knowledge of proper techniques and frequency of brushing your teeth regularly and visiting the dentist involved, and whose attitude towards children to be satisfactory by the parents.

Veliko je napisanega in povedanega o tem, kako potrebna je igra za predšolskega otroka in da se predšolski otrok mora igrati-veliko igrati. Starši so tisti, ki morajo svojemu otroku zagotoviti igro in jo spodbujati. Upoštevati želje, potrebe in interese svojega predšolskega otroka. Za dobro in kakovostno igro pa so potrebne tudi igrače oz. igralni material, zato ni vseeno kaj starši ponudijo svojemu predšolskemu otroku. Predvsem pomembno je, da igrača ustreza otrokovi razvojni stopnji. Še tako dobra igrača je za predšolskega otroka slaba, če ni primerna za njegovo starost. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge sem v ospredje postavila igro-kaj sploh igra je, kakšna je njena vloga in kakšen je njen pomen za predšolskega otroka. Kaj predstavljajo igrače pri otrokovi igralni dejavnosti. Predstavljena je vloga staršev pri sodelovanju v otroški in pri izbiri igrač za njihovega predšolskega otroka. V raziskovalnem delu diplomske naloge pa so predstavljeni namen, cilji in hipoteze, ki se jih želela doseči. V tem delu so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, narejene med starši vrtca 'Otona Župančiča'. V raziskavi so zastavljena vprašanja, ki se nanašajo na teoretični del diplomske naloge. ABSTRACT Much is written and told about this, how a preschool child requires play and that preschool child must to play-a lot to play. Parents are those, that they must assure their child play and her to encourage. To consider of wish, needs and interests own preschool child. For good and well play are of necessary also of toy and materials, that's why is not still what parents offer to own preschool child. It is above all important, that a toy suits a child phase of development. A still so good toy is bad for a preschool child, if she isn't suitable for his age. In theoretical part of dissertation am to top priority put play-what at all play is, what kind of is her submission and her meaning is some for a preschool child. Toys are presenting something at child activity. Submission of parents at cooperation within child play is introduced and at choice of toys for their preschool child. Intention, goals and hypotheses is introduced within research part of a dissertation, that I wanted to achieve them. Results of research are introducedin this work, performed between parents of kindergarten 'Oton Župančič'. Questions are asked in research, that they refer to theoretical part of a dissertation.