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Objectives: To provide an updated estimate to the prevalence of pediatric hematological malignancies )HMs( in the Al-Madinah Al-Munawwara, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a retrospective study that was carried out between 2016 and 2022. The study population was comprised of 171 children under 16 who had been diagnosed with HMs. The data was compiled from King Salman Medical City's Maternity and Children's Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia. Results: Among the 171 HM patients )64% males and 36% females(, 13 subtypes were identified, with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia having the highest incidence )70.3%(. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia Original Article )8.7%(, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia )4.7%(, and acute promyelocytic leukemia )3.5%( were the next most common types of HMs. Other rare cases were also found. Conclusion: Prevalence rate can be utilized to monitor the progression of disease incidence. Here, HMs demonstrated a pattern of increasing incidence in males over a 7-year period, with a higher rate in early childhood. There were 13 types of HMs diagnosed, with B-acute lymphocytic leukemia having the highest incidence. Although juvenile cancer is rare, it is nonetheless a significant cause of mortality in children. A successful prognosis requires prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) types in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia and the importance of hematological testing for CVD patients in the context of disease management. Methods: This retrospective study comprised 416 CVD patients, and samples were divided based the type of CVD. The Mann Whitney U test was used to compare patients' hematological markers and coagulation profiles to those of healthy controls. Results: The rate of ischemic heart disease (IHD) was 80.7% that of other CVDs, and the rate of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was 37.3% the rate of CVD. Significant differences were observed in the hematological and coagulation parameters of CVD patients compared to the control group. White blood cells (WBC) were significantly higher in STEMI, non- ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), unstable angina (UA), and heart failure (HF) groups. Red blood cells (RBC) were significantly lower in STEMI, NSTEMI, UA, chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), HF, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Red distribution width (RDW) was significantly greater in the HF, DCM, and ICM groups. Prothrombin time (PT) was significantly higher in the STEMI, HF, and DCM groups. Conclusion: ST-elevation myocardial infarction has a higher prevalence rate among CVD patients in the Asir region. Both coagulation and hematological indicators have high potential utility as CVD diagnostic and prognostic markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]