14,304 results
Search Results
2. Text duplication of papers in four medical related fields.
- Author
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Ni, Ping, Shan, Lianhui, Li, Yong, and An, Xinying
- Subjects
SCIENCE projects ,PREVENTIVE medicine ,RESEARCH personnel ,PLAGIARISM - Abstract
To reveal the typical features of text duplication in papers from four medical fields: basic medicine, health management, pharmacology and pharmacy, and public health and preventive medicine. To analyze the reasons for duplication and provide suggestions for the management of medical academic misconduct. In total, 2,469 representative Chinese journal papers were included in our research, which were submitted by researchers in 2020 and 2021. A plagiarism check was carried out using the Academic Misconduct Literature Check System (AMLC). We generated a corrected similarity index based on the AMLC general similarity index for further analysis. We compared the similarity indices of papers in four medical fields and revealed their trends over time; differences in similarity index between review and research articles were also analyzed according to the different fields. Further analysis of 143 papers suspected of plagiarism was also performed from the perspective of sections containing duplication and according to the field of research. Papers in the field of pharmacology and pharmacy had the highest similarity index (8.67 ± 5.92%), which was significantly higher than that in other fields, except health management. The similarity index of review articles (9.77 ± 10.28%) was significantly higher than that of research articles (7.41 ± 6.26%). In total, 143 papers were suspected of plagiarism (5.80%) with similarity indices ≥ 15%; most were papers on health management (78, 54.55%), followed by public health and preventive medicine (38, 26.58%); 90.21% of the 143 papers had duplication in multiple sections, while only 9.79% had duplication in a single section. The distribution of sections with duplication varied among different fields; papers in pharmacology and pharmacy were more likely to have duplication in the data/methods and introduction/background sections, however, papers in health management were more likely to contain duplication in the introduction/background or results/discussion sections. Different structures for papers in different fields may have caused these differences. There were three limitations to our research. Firstly, we observed that a small number of papers have been checked early. It is unknown who conducted the plagiarism check as this can be included in other evaluations, such as applications for Science and technology projects or awards. If the authors carried out the check, text with high similarity indices may have been excluded before submission, meaning the similarity index in our research may have been lower than the original value. Secondly, there were only four medical fields included in our research. Additional analysis on a wider scale is required in the future. Thirdly, only a general similarity index was calculated in our study; other similarity indices were not tested. A comprehensive analysis of similarity indices in four medical fields was performed. We made several recommendations for the supervision of medical academic misconduct and the formation of criteria for defining suspected plagiarism for medical papers, as well as for the improved accuracy of text duplication checks. We quantified the differences between the AMLC general similarity index and the corrected index, described the situation around text duplication and plagiarism in papers from four medical fields, and revealed differences in similarity indices between different article types. We also revealed differences in the sections containing duplication for papers with suspected plagiarism among different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) position paper on how to prevent atrial fibrillation endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS).
- Author
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Gorenek B, Pelliccia A, Benjamin EJ, Boriani G, Crijns HJ, Fogel RI, Van Gelder IC, Halle M, Kudaiberdieva G, Lane DA, Larsen TB, Lip GY, Løchen ML, Marín F, Niebauer J, Sanders P, Tokgozoglu L, Vos MA, Van Wagoner DR, Fauchier L, Savelieva I, Goette A, Agewall S, Chiang CE, Figueiredo M, Stiles M, Dickfeld T, Patton K, Piepoli M, Corra U, Marques-Vidal PM, Faggiano P, Schmid JP, and Abreu A
- Subjects
- Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis, Atrial Fibrillation epidemiology, Comorbidity, Consensus, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Life Style, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Atrial Fibrillation prevention & control, Cardiology standards, Preventive Health Services standards, Preventive Medicine standards, Risk Reduction Behavior
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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4. The Future of Diabetes Prevention: A Call for Papers.
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- Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Global Health, Humans, Morbidity trends, Diabetes Mellitus prevention & control, Periodicals as Topic, Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 2016
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5. Paper-based electrochemical device for early detection of integrin αvβ6 expressing tumors.
- Author
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Cinti, Stefano, Tomassi, Stefano, Ciardiello, Chiara, Migliorino, Rossella, Pirozzi, Marinella, Leone, Alessandra, Di Gennaro, Elena, Campani, Virginia, De Rosa, Giuseppe, D'Amore, Vincenzo Maria, Di Maro, Salvatore, Donati, Greta, Singh, Sima, Raucci, Ada, Di Leva, Francesco Saverio, Kessler, Horst, Budillon, Alfredo, and Marinelli, Luciana
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ELECTROCHEMICAL apparatus , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *INTEGRINS , *BIOSENSORS , *EXTRACELLULAR vesicles , *EARLY detection of cancer - Abstract
Despite progress in the prevention and diagnosis of cancer, current technologies for tumor detection present several limitations including invasiveness, toxicity, inaccuracy, lengthy testing duration and high cost. Therefore, innovative diagnostic techniques that integrate knowledge from biology, oncology, medicinal and analytical chemistry are now quickly emerging in the attempt to address these issues. Following this approach, here we developed a paper-based electrochemical device for detecting cancer-derived Small Extracellular Vesicles (S-EVs) in fluids. S-EVs were obtained from cancer cell lines known to express, at a different level, the αvβ6 integrin receptor, a well-established hallmark of numerous epithelial cancer types. The resulting biosensor turned out to recognize αvβ6-containing S-EVs down to a limit of 0.7*103 S-EVs/mL with a linear range up to 105 S-EVs /mL, and a relative standard deviation of 11%, thus it may represent a novel opportunity for αvβ6 expressing cancers detection. The detection of cancer in its early stages can greatly prevent disease development, however, current technologies for tumor detection present several limitations. Here, the authors develop a paper-based electrochemical device for detecting cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (S-EVs) in fluids, recognizing αvβ6-containing S-EVs down to a limit of 0.7*103 S-EVs/mL with a linear range up to 105 S-EVs/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Navigating the complexity of applying nutrition evidence to individualised care: Summary of an Academy of Nutrition Sciences position paper.
- Author
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Buttriss, Judith, Hickson, Mary, Whelan, Kevin, and Williams, Christine
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PREVENTIVE medicine , *DIETETICS , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *PATIENT-centered care , *PROFESSIONS , *EVIDENCE-based medicine , *LABOR discipline , *DIET , *NUTRITION - Abstract
The article outlines the intricate process of applying nutrition evidence to personalized care, emphasizing the importance of sound evidence-based dietary advice in maintaining health and managing diseases. It also discusses the challenges faced in integrating research findings into individualized nutrition interventions, including navigating conflicting information sources and tailoring treatments to diverse health and social situations.
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- 2024
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7. A Tribute to Toilet Paper
- Author
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Hughes, Walter T.
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- 1988
8. Integrating China in the International Consortium for Personalized Medicine: A Position Paper on Personalized Medicine in Sustainable Healthcare.
- Author
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Causio, Francesco Andrea, Beccia, Flavia, Hoxhaj, Ilda, Huang, Hui-Yao, Wang, Lily, Wang, Wenya, Farina, Sara, Osti, Tommaso, Savoia, Cosimo, Cadeddu, Chiara, Ricciardi, Walter, and Boccia, Stefania
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INDIVIDUALIZED medicine , *CONSORTIA , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *MEDICAL care , *SUSTAINABILITY , *CLINICAL medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Over the last decade, the emergence and spread of personalized medicine (PM) have defined a substantial revolution in healthcare. In principle, healthcare system sustainability is challenged by the investments required for research and development, as well as the adoption of PM techniques in routine clinical care. The "Integrating China in the International Consortium for Personalized Medicine" (IC2PerMed) EU-funded project aims to integrate China into the "International Consortium for Personalized Medicine" (ICPerMed). IC2PerMed aims to align the EU and China's research agendas in this field to enable a swift development of approaches in the EU and China with strong leverage upon EU-Chinese collaborations. Methods: Within this project, we first mapped relevant policies on PM in both the EU and China, and then we involved European and Chinese experts in PM in workshops and Delphi surveys in order to identify relevant priorities for the implementation of PM in sustainable healthcare. Results: As a result of this process, we identified nine overarching priorities, each addressing specific aspects of the sustainability of healthcare systems and PM implementation, with the main goal of supporting policymakers in integrating PM approaches in the EU and China. Discussion/conclusion: The implementation of PM in health systems is appealing in terms of improved accuracy in diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of disease, as well as reduction of the side effects resulting from inefficient use of drugs. Research, development, and implementation of needed techniques require time and resources that can slow the adoption of PM in healthcare systems. The nine priorities we identified address some of the most critical points, trying to lay the foundations for a comprehensive approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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9. Health Care Reform and Public Health: A Paper on Population-Based Core Functions: The Core Functions Project, U.S. Public Health Service, 1993
- Published
- 1998
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10. The marginal value of pre-visit paper reminders when added to a multifaceted electronic health record based quality improvement system.
- Author
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Baker DW, Persell SD, Kho AN, Thompson JA, and Kaiser D
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- Chronic Disease therapy, Humans, Internal Medicine, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Preventive Medicine statistics & numerical data, Clinical Competence standards, Electronic Health Records, Preventive Medicine standards, Quality Improvement, Reminder Systems
- Abstract
Objective: We have reported that implementation of an electronic health record (EHR) based quality improvement system that included point-of-care electronic reminders accelerated improvement in performance for multiple measures of chronic disease care and preventive care during a 1-year period. This study examined whether providing pre-visit paper quality reminders could further improve performance, especially for physicians whose performance had not improved much during the first year., Design: Time-series analysis at a large internal medicine practice using a commercial EHR. All patients eligible for each measure were included (range approximately 100-7500)., Measurements: The proportion of eligible patients in the practice who satisfied each of 15 quality measures after removing those with exceptions from the denominator. To analyze changes in performance for individual physicians, two composite measures were used: prescribing seven essential medications and completion of five preventive services., Results: During the year after implementing pre-encounter reminders, performance continued to improve for eight measures, remained stable for four, and declined for three. Physicians with the worst performance at the start of the pre-encounter reminders showed little absolute improvement over the next year, and most remained below the median performance for physicians in the practice., Conclusions: Paper pre-encounter reminders did not appear to improve performance beyond electronic point-of-care reminders in the EHR alone. Lagging performance is likely not due to providers' EHR workflow alone, and trying to step backwards and use paper reminders in addition to point-of-care reminders in the EHR may not be an effective strategy for engaging slow adopters.
- Published
- 2011
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11. European silver paper on the future of health promotion and preventive actions, basic research and clinical aspects of age-related disease.
- Author
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Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Franco A, Sommer P, Baeyens JP, Jankowska E, Maggi A, Ponikowski P, Ryś A, Szczerbińska K, and Diseases AM
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- Aged, Europe, Forecasting, Health Services for the Aged trends, Humans, Life Style, Long-Term Care trends, Aging physiology, Health Promotion trends, Preventive Medicine trends
- Abstract
The current article is a statement of the meeting with international and multidisciplinary participation, held in Wrocław, Poland on September 11-13, 2008. The meeting was devoted to working out a position focusing on the challenge for individuals, health care systems, biological, psychosocial, epidemiological, medical, and public health sciences in the ageing populations of the twenty-first century. The statement is presented as an overview, in tabular format, of the current European situation regarding basic biological research on ageing, health promotion and preventive action, clinical care for older people, and recommendations for future actions.
- Published
- 2009
12. Health Needs Survey: Indiana County, Pennsylvania, Summer 1975. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper No. 12.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. and Osgood, Mary H.
- Abstract
In July and August 1975, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 347 adults living in Indiana County, Pennsylvania to gather information on the health services needed, physician extenders (i.e., nurse practitioners and physician's assistants), adequate health care for everyone, and regular health habits of the population. The sample included 114 adults from the northern part of the county, 114 from the central area, and 119 from the southern region. After the results were compiled, statistical weightings were given to the different regions, which had been sampled at different rates, to make the results representative of the county as a whole. Findings included: 87% of the people felt that the availability of doctors was in need of improvement for Indiana County; availability of doctors was especially of concern in the more rural northern and southern regions; 86% indicated that they had a family doctor; of the 14% who did not have a family doctor, most said no doctor was available in the area or that one was not needed; 74% stated that they would usually or always be willing to accept help from a physician extender working under the direct supervision of a doctor; 67% reported that they regularly did things to stay healthy; 25% rated their health as very good, 45% as good, 22% as average, and 8% as not so good or poor; and regular exercising was the most often mentioned health activity. (NQ)
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- 1976
13. Preventive Health Education Needs: A Survey of Adults in Elkland Borough, Tioga County, Pennsylvania, 1976. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 10.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology., Taranto, Angelo A., and Leadley, Samuel M.
- Abstract
From a population of 117 adult residents of Elkland Borough formerly interviewed in August 1974, 72 cases were chosen. Of these, 57 persons (43 women and 14 men) were reinterviewed in March 1976 as to their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes related to preventing cancer and coronary heart disease. The age and sex of those interviewed were compared to those of the actual population as reported in the 1970 population census. The age ratio of the sample was found to be very similar to that of the actual population. Each respondent was asked 117 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, dietary and weight control practices, regular health maintenance practices, and medical services. Each person rated five selected diseases regarding their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: 76% regarded cancer and 81% regarded heart disease as serious enough to require changes in their present life; 25% felt they were likely to have heart disease; 36% believed they were likely to have cancer; 21% of those interviewed in 1976 could name 1 or none of the 7 cancer signs as compared to 29% in 1974; 54% of the women and 14% of the men reported never or occasionally observing dietary rules; and 41 persons named exercise and/or dieting as preventive health measures that they practiced. (NQ)
- Published
- 1976
14. Health Education Needs: A Survey of Rural Adults in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, 1975. An Interim Report. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 8.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology., Leadley, Samuel M., and Taranto, Angelo A.
- Abstract
In July and August 1975, 138 rural residents of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania were interviewed as to their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes regarding the prevention of cancer and coronary heart disease. Respondents were selected by interviewing an adult living on a commercial farm (a farm that either sold $10,000 or more produce per year or the operator worked more than half time on the farm), and then interviewing an adult in the rural nonfarm residence closest to that commercial farm. Interviews were conducted with 71 farm residents and 67 nonfarm residents. Each respondent was asked 167 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, diet and weight control practices, and medical services. Each person rated eight selected diseases as to their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: cancer was felt to be the most serious illness with heart disease ranking second; 29% felt they were likely to have heart disease; 27% perceived themselves as likely to have cancer; 35% could name either 1 or none of the 7 cancer signs; 87% had had their blood pressure checked within the past 18 months; and 66% felt that it was easy to get an appointment with a doctor for a complete physical examination. (NQ)
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- 1975
15. Health Education Needs: A Survey of Rural Adults in Butler County, Pennsylvania, 1975. An Interim Report. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 7.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology., Leadley, Samuel M., and Taranto, Angelo A.
- Abstract
In July and August 1975, 17 men and 63 women living in rural areas in Butler County, Pennsylvania were interviewed as to their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes related to preventing cancer and coronary heart disease. Respondents represented about 12% of all adults living on commercial farms and 5% of all rural nonfarm adults in the county. A commercial farm was one that "either sold $10,000 or more produce per year or the operator worked more than half time on the farm". During the interview, each respondent was asked 167 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, dietary and weight control practices, and medical services. Each person rated eight selected diseases as to their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: cancer, heart disease, glaucoma, and emphysema were perceived to be serious, with cancer being the most serious; 27% felt they were likely to have heart disease; 30% believed themselves likely to have cancer; 3 out of 10 persons could name either 1 or none of the 7 cancer signs; 1/3 of the farm men and women reported never or only occasionally consciously observing dietary rules; and 92% indicated a willingness to consider treatment by allied health personnel. (NQ)
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- 1975
16. Health Education Needs: A Survey of Rural Adults in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, 1975. An Interim Report. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 4.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. and Leadley, Samuel M.
- Abstract
In June 1975, 62 men and 64 women living on commercial farms in Juniata County, Pennsylvania were interviewed regarding their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes related to preventing cancer and coronary heart disease. Respondents represented about 22% of all adults living on commercial farms in the county. A commercial farm was defined as one that either sold $10,000 or more produce per year or the operator worked more than half time on the farm. During a face-to-face interview setting, each respondent was asked 137 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, overweight, and medical services. Each person rated eight selected diseases as to their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: cancer was perceived to be the most serious of all eight illnesses with heart disease ranking second; 1/3 of the respondents perceived themselves as either likely or very likely to have heart disease; 30% believed themselves likely to have cancer; all but 5 of the respondents strongly agreed that many types of cancer detected in the early stages could be cured; and 99% of the respondents felt that high blood pressure could be reduced and were aware of 1 or more ways in which this could be accomplished. (NQ)
- Published
- 1975
17. Health Education Needs: A Survey of Rural Adults in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, 1975. An Interim Report. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 6.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. and Leadley, Samuel M.
- Abstract
In June 1975, 53 men and 56 women living on commercial farms in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania were interviewed regarding their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes related to preventing cancer and coronary heart disease. Respondents represented about 23% of all adults living on commercial farms in the county. A commercial farm was defined as one that either sold $10,000 or more produce per year or the operator worked more than half time on the farm. During a face-to-face interview setting, each respondent was asked 137 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, overweight, and medical services. Each person rated eight selected diseases as to their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: 92% felt that cancer and heart disease were serious or extremely serious; of the 109 persons, only 1 disagreed that many types of cancer detected in the early stages could be cured; 1 person out of 3 could name either 1 or none of the 7 cancer signs; associated with the frequency of occurrence of heart disease were factors such as high blood pressure, overweight, and lack of regular physical exercise; 84% had had their blood pressure checked while visiting a doctor; and 1 out of 4 persons felt that dietary regulation was difficult. (NQ)
- Published
- 1975
18. Health Education Needs: A Survey of Rural Adults in Fulton County, Pennsylvania, 1975. An Interim Report. Rural Health Staff Papers - Paper Number 5.
- Author
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Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. and Leadley, Samuel M.
- Abstract
In June 1975, 47 men and 43 women living on commercial farms in Fulton County, Pennsylvania were interviewed regarding their behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes related to preventing cancer and coronary heart disease. Respondents represented about 39% of all adults living on commercial farms in the county. A commercial farm was defined as one that either sold $10,000 or more produce per year or the operator worked more than half time on the farm. During a face-to-face interview setting, each respondent was asked 137 questions pertaining to: the seriousness and susceptibility of the disease, early detection, their knowledge about the disease, high blood pressure, overweight, and medical services. Each person rated eight selected diseases regarding their seriousness and susceptibility. Findings included: cancer was perceived to be the most serious of all eight illnesses with heart disease ranking second; 35% perceived themselves as either likely or very likely to have heart disease; 24% believed themselves likely to have cancer; all the respondents strongly agreed that many types of cancer detected in the early stages could be cured; 2 out of 5 persons could name either 2, 1 or none of the 7 cancer signs; and 99% felt that high blood pressure could be reduced and were aware of 1 or more ways in which this could be accomplished. (NQ)
- Published
- 1975
19. AIDS Prevention and Control: Invited Presentations and Papers from the World Summit of Ministers of Health on Programmes for AIDS Prevention (London, England, January 26-28, 1988).
- Author
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World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland). and World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland).
- Abstract
Papers from the World Summit of Ministers of Health on Programmes for AIDS Prevention in this book include: (1) "Global AIDS: Epidemiology, Impact, Projections, Global Strategy," (Jonathan Mann); (2) "Modes of Transmission: The Basis for Prevention Strategies," (Donald Acheson); (3) "National AIDS Information Programme in France," (Alain Pompidou); (4) "Planning AIDS Education for the Public in Uganda," (Samuel Okware); (5) "Brazil's Educational Programme on AIDS Prevention," (Lair Guerra de Macedo Rodrigues); (6) "Preventing AIDS through General Public Education: Experience from the United Kingdom," (Spencer Hagard); (7) "Messages Addressed to Women as a Target Audience, " (Peggy Clarke); (8) "Adolescents: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice," (Lone de Neegaard); (9) "Developing Materials for Culture Groups," (Grace Smallwood); (10) "AIDS Prevention in the Netherlands: Intravenous Drug Users as a Target Group," (Hans Moerkerk); (11) "Reaching the Target Population: Female Prostitutes," (Elizabeth Ngugi); (12) "The Hot Rubber Story," (Roger Staub); (13) "Counselling before HIV Testing," (Benjamin Harris); (14) "Counselling after HIV Testing," (Gloria Ornelas Hall); (15) "Counselling of Persons with AIDS," (David Miller); (16) "Knowledge and Fear among Health Workers: The San Francisco Experience," (Paul A. Volberding); (17) "Health Workers, the Community, and AIDS," (Mafama Omba Ngandu); and (18) "Ensuring Safe Injection Procedures," (Nilton Arnt). Introductions, overviews, and opening and closing addresses are included. (ABL)
- Published
- 1988
20. [Co-author and keyword networks and their clustering appearance in preventive medicine fields in Korea: analysis of papers in the Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 1991~2006].
- Author
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Jung M and Chung D
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- Humans, Korea epidemiology, Authorship, Community Networks organization & administration, Periodicals as Topic, Preventive Medicine
- Abstract
Objectives: This study evaluated knowledge structure and its effect factor by analysis of co-author and keyword networks in Korea's preventive medicine sector., Methods: The data was extracted from 873 papers listed in the Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and was transformed into a co-author and keyword matrix where the existence of a 'link' was judged by impact factors calculated by the weight value of the role and rate of author participation. Research achievement was dependent upon the author's status and networking index, as analyzed by neighborhood degree, multidimensional scaling, correspondence analysis, and multiple regression., Results: Co-author networks developed as randomness network in the center of a few high-productivity researchers. In particular, closeness centrality was more developed than degree centrality. Also, power law distribution was discovered in impact factor and research productivity by college affiliation. In multiple regression, the effect of the author's role was significant in both the impact factor calculated by the participatory rate and the number of listed articles. However, the number of listed articles varied by sex., Conclusions: This study shows that the small world phenomenon exists in co-author and keyword networks in a journal, as in citation networks. However, the differentiation of knowledge structure in the field of preventive medicine was relatively restricted by specialization.
- Published
- 2008
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21. Barefoot-Doctors. Occasional Paper No. 77-4.
- Author
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State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook. American Historical Association Faculty Development Program., Perez, Joel, Perez, Joel, and State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook. American Historical Association Faculty Development Program.
- Abstract
A description of "barefoot doctors" in the People's Republic of China is presented. These peasant doctors are commune workers who have taken basic courses in medical treatment. Because 80% of the population lives in a rural agricultural setting, and because most doctors and medical services are located in cities, there is a serious need for medical personnel in the rural areas of the country. After Chairman Mao declared in 1965 that emphasis in medical and health work should be stressed in rural areas, preparation of "barefoot doctors" began. They are selected by fellow commune workers on the basis of intelligence, educational level, desire to become doctors, and will to serve the commune. They can be of any age or sex. All undergo three to six months formal training in either a commune hospital, agricultural college, or medical college. This is followed by on the job training. Courses include anatomy, physiology, pathology, acupuncture, and medicinal herbs. Basic responsibilities are environmental sanitation and preventive medicine. They supervise collection, treatment, storage, and use of human excrement for fertilizer; spraying of pesticides; and storage of drinking water. They dispense first aid, immunizations, and health examinations; and decide when a person should be sent to the commune hospital. (Author/AV)
- Published
- 1977
22. Preventive Medical Care, Morbidity, and Mortality among Children of Migrant Farm Workers. CDE Working Paper 84-37.
- Author
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Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Dept. of Rural Sociology., Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Center for Demography and Ecology., and Slesinger, Doris P.
- Abstract
Preventive medical care, morbidity, and mortality among children of migrant agricultural workers were examined using a 1978 representative sample of 145 migrant married women under the age of 50 in Wisconsin. Findings showed fewer than 50% of migrant children under age 16 received recommended annual physical examinations. Only 33% received an annual dental checkup as compared to 50% of children in the total United States population. A comparison between levels of chronic health conditions for migrant children and those reported for children in a national survey suggested that incidence of chronic conditions was several times greater among migrant children. Younger children were more likely to receive checkups, while older children were more likely to receive immunizations. After controlling for the child's age, no significant association was found between preventive care and any characteristics of the mother. Mothers who spoke English were more likely to report that a child had a chronic condition. The level of mortality was proportionately lower among women who spoke English and higher among those who gave birth to a low birth weight child. The most important characteristic related to loss of children was whether or not a mother smoked. (NEC)
- Published
- 1986
23. [Publication of a special number of papers on radiological technology in relation to health science].
- Author
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Nishide H, Shimosegawa M, Nishiki S, and Kawamura S
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms prevention & control, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Female, Humans, Japan, Mammography, Mass Screening, Periodicals as Topic, Preventive Medicine, Technology, Radiologic
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Keeping Children Healthy: Health Protection and Disease Prevention. 1970 White House Conference on Children, Report of Forum 10. (Working Paper).
- Author
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Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, DC. and Green, Morris
- Abstract
This forum considers preventive health care to include not only good physical and dental care, good nutrition, and good sanitation, but also adequate housing, quality education, sufficient clothing as well as opportunities to experience love, achieve self respect, participate in play and become meaningfully involved with others. Several population groups in our country are subject to unusual health hazards and have particular need for health care. Poor children, expectant mothers, young infants, handicapped and emotionally disturbed children, and children of migrant workers are the especially vulnerable groups. The social pathology of narcotic addiction, prejudice, understimulation, violence, and indifference to human needs constitutes other pressing problems that threaten the quality of physical and emotional health in our society. A high priority should be set on the development and delivery of needed services to insure immediate access to decent care for the most vulnerable groups. Other recommendations call for acceptance of national standards for preventive health services, manpower augmentation, research in the health sciences, adequate income, good nutrition, improved housing, and a reinstitutionalization reconstruction of the systems for delivering human services as a national commitment. (WY)
- Published
- 1970
25. Clinical preventive services for adolescents: position paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine.
- Author
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Rosen DS, Elster A, Hedberg V, and Paperny D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adolescent Medicine, American Medical Association, Humans, Organizational Policy, Societies, Medical, United States, Adolescent Health Services, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Modelagem de Papel e Saúde da Mulher: O Estado da Arte.
- Author
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Alves Furtado da Costa, Ivelise Fhrideraid, Alves Gomes da Silva, Maria Victória, Silva Souza, Ana Raquel, Mendes Jerônimo, Jarda Eduarda, Célia de Oliveira, Regina, and Santos Baptista, Rosilene
- Subjects
- *
WOMEN'S health , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *ROLE models , *MODEL theory , *NURSING models - Abstract
The nurse is the main link for the patient's adaptation to his health condition. Based on observations, actions and clarifications from the former, the latter can understand what affects their health status, adopt practices or manage the new condition, and even perform self-care. The role modeling theory developed by Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin and Mary Swain portrays the nurse-patient interaction and caring as an instrument for adapting to the health situation. With the objective of knowing the scientific production that applies it in women's health care. An integrative review study was carried out on productions published between 1998 and 2016, in international journals, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, using the VHL Nursing, PubMed and Scopus platforms. Among the articles found, four were selected for analysis that addressed women's health care and the use of theory. It was observed the flexibility of adoption of the same in studies of assistance to the health of the parturient, of the chemical dependent, in addition to the prevention of diseases to the women's health. The usefulness of paper modeling and its potential for teaching and research promoting self-efficacy in women's health can be seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Team Science: Heaving Walls & Melding Silos, a Sigma Xi White Paper
- Author
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Elfner, Lynn E., Falk-Krzesinski, Holly J., Sullivan, Kelly O., Velkey, Andrew, Illman, Deborah L., Baker, Jerry, and Pita-Szczesniewski, Antonio
- Published
- 2011
28. HIV Policy: The Path Forward—A Joint Position Paper of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American College of Physicians
- Author
-
Lubinski, Christine, Aberg, Judith, Bardeguez, Arlene D., Elion, Richard, Emmanuel, Patricia, Kuritzkes, Daniel, Saag, Michael, Squires, Kathleen E., Weddle, Andrea, Rainey, Jennifer, Zerehi, M. Renee, Ralston, J. Fred, Fleming, David A., Bronson, David, Cooke, Molly, Cutler, Charles, Ejnes, Yul, Gluckman, Robert, Liebow, Mark, Musana, Kenneth, Mayer, Mark E., Purtle, Mark W., Reynolds, P. Preston, Viswanathan, Lavanya, Weiss, Kevin B., and Yehia, Baligh
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Prevention of Disabilities: Topic Paper D.
- Author
-
National Council on the Handicapped, Washington, DC.
- Abstract
As one of a series of topic papers assessing federal laws and programs affecting persons with disabilities, this paper describes the major components of a comprehensive program to prevent disabilities, including programs to maximize health care, programs to maximize educational growth and sound psychological development, and programs for public education and awareness. Problems in achieving such a comprehensive prevention program include economic considerations and the need for coordination of efforts, for personnel to institute and conduct prevention programs, for legislation and governmental funding to support the programs, and for physical fitness programs to accommodate disabled persons to prevent further deterioration. A number of federal programs that contain prevention activities are described, such as maternal and child health programs, programs of the National Institutes of Health, and programs legislated under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. A national plan to prevent disabilities is outlined with specific strategies in the areas of pregnancy, infant health, immunization, toxic agent control, occupational safety and health, smoking, nutrition, etc. The paper concludes with the recommendation that the Federal Government mount such a comprehensive national program. Twenty-three references are listed. (JDD)
- Published
- 1986
30. Typhus Fever and Typhoid Fever: A Report on Papers Read at the Southern Medical Association Meeting at Jacksonville, Fla., November 12-14, 1912
- Author
-
Goldberger, Joseph, Freeman, Allen W., and Terry, C. E.
- Published
- 1913
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Papers on the National Health Guidelines: The Priorities of Section 1502.
- Author
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Health Resources Administration (DHEW/PHS), Bethesda, MD.
- Abstract
This monograph brings together staff papers relating to the national guidelines for health planning called for by Section 1501 of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-641). The papers consider relationships between local plans and programs and ten health policies designated for priority consideration: (1) primary care for the underserved; (2) coordination of health services; (3) medical group practices; (4) physician assistants; (5) sharing of support services; (6) improving quality; (7) appropriate levels of care; (8) disease prevention; (9) uniform reporting systems; and (10) health education. Each paper is preceded by a brief abstract. (MM)
- Published
- 1977
32. The Connection Between Health and Education. Adult Education Series. Discussion Paper Five.
- Author
-
Lethbridge Univ. (Alberta). Four Worlds Development Project.
- Abstract
This paper promotes discussion by native community groups of the meaning of physical and mental health, the differences between treatment and prevention, and how education contributes to disease and health of children. Education's role in disease prevention is defined as helping the learner respond appropriately to stress arising from the environment or emotional development. Such education does not seem to be available to natives. The "great learning enterprise" called for by Canada Native elders is summarized by four points: (1) the heart of the problem lies with the native community and solutions must come from those communities, (2) the future is inseparably linked to the past, (3) educating native peoples to direct their own healing and development must be a lifelong undertaking; and (4) the wellbeing of the individual is inseparable from the health of the social and cultural context from which the individual comes. A wholistic educational plan centering on the children is seen as the solution to diseases such as alcoholism and drug abuse. Activities and questions to aid in applying the information to local conditions are included. (LFL)
- Published
- 1984
33. Child Survival/Fair Start. A Look at the Factors Threatening the Survival, Health, and Cognitive Development of the World's Disadvantaged Children, and the Ford Foundation's New Program to Help These Children Get a Fair Start in Life. Working Paper.
- Author
-
Ford Foundation, New York, NY.
- Abstract
In view of the many factors threatening the survival, health, and cognitive development of the world's disadvantaged children, both in the United States and in developing countries, the Ford Foundation has begun a new program, called Child Survival/Fair Start, to improve these children's chances. In this working paper, Fair Start's overall strategy of promoting preventive self-care and of experimenting with low-cost outreach techniques that provide basic knowledge about health, nutrition, and child care to poor households is discussed. Five community-based projects in the United States are briefly described, as are special programs on breastfeeding, and evaluation, policy analysis, dissemination, and advocacy efforts. Fair Start projects in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Middle East, Nigeria, Cuba, Peru, and Brazil are also summarized. The U.S. projects are directed at high risk disadvantaged mothers and emphasize the use of a network of community helpers in the "peer-to-peer" outreach model. For the developing countries, the Fair Start strategy has three elements: (1) support for community initiatives that draw on local skills, and experiments with ways to make effective use of local resources; (2) support for the development and dissemination of information on simple, practical, and relevant preventive therapeutic measures; and (3) research to identify the causes of high levels of childhood morbidity and mortality and inadequate mental development among disadvantaged groups. (CMG)
- Published
- 1983
34. Cutting Tobacco's Toll. Worldwatch Paper 18.
- Author
-
Eckholm, Erik
- Abstract
This pamphlet discusses the "unnatural" history of tobacco, the broadening medical indictment, world smoking trends, who profits, and public policy and public health. Equalling a fourth of the global military budget, consumer expenditure on cigarettes ensures that powerful, strongly motivated interests will struggle to keep global cigarette sales on the rise. This is true despite the fact that the World Health Organization has said that the control of cigarette smoking could do more to improve health and prolong life than any other single action in the whole field of preventive medicine. (Author)
- Published
- 1978
35. Personnel for Health Care: Case Studies of Educational Programmes. Public Health Papers No. 70.
- Author
-
World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland)., Katz, F. M., and Fulop, T.
- Abstract
Innovations in the training of community health personnel that emphasize the importance of the development of health personnel able and willing to serve the community by providing health care, promoting health, preventing disease, and caring for those in need are examined. The need for effective and efficient training programs relevant to present and future community requirements as well as to the characteristics of learners is discussed. Such programs seek to maximize the effectiveness of the teaching/learning process by basing it on community problems, by introducing the concepts of integration and active learning, and by using appropriate technology. A sample of 14 innovative programs from various countries are described including: The Institut Technologique de la Sante Publique, Constantine, Algeria; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; The Medical School of the University of Brasilia, Brazil; The McMaster Programme of Medical Education, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Fiji School of Medicine, Suva, Fiji; The Medical University of Pecs, Hungary; University Center for Health Science, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; The Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; School of Medicine, Hacettepe Yaounde, United Republic of Cameroon; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University; The Upper Peninsula Health Education Corporation, Marquette, Michigan; The WAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle; Ecole Inter-Etats d'Ingenieurs d'Equipement Rural, Ouagadougou, Upper Volta. (SF)
- Published
- 1978
36. The Risk Approach in Health Care: With Special Reference to Maternal and Child Health, Including Family Planning. Public Health Papers No. 76.
- Author
-
World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland). and Backett, E. Maurice
- Abstract
Primary health care has a new tool with which to improve its effectiveness, its efficiency, and its decisions about national and local priorities: the accurate measurement of the chances of occurrence of a future event of health or illness. Human and other resources should go where the need is greatest, and assessment of the risk of future illness, accident, or death is a useful short cut to the measurement of that need--both for individuals and for communities. This book presents suggestions for the use of risk information in health care for mothers and children. Most of these suggestions still have to be tested in populations of village communities, migrants, nomads, and the inhabitants of urban slums. In these areas, mothers and children are at their most vulnerable and health systems research is the most difficult. Because of the need for sophisticated epidemiology and statistics in testing the usefulness of the new risk information, general and technical training programs are being developed for health systems research and the use of risk data in general. The present discussion introduces both types of programs. Appendices include discussions of target health problem selection and risk measurement, and an annotated bibliography listing 22 references. (CB)
- Published
- 1984
37. Use of the von Willebrand factor concentrate with low factor VIII content to manage patients with inherited von Willebrand disease requiring surgical or secondary long‐term prophylaxis: An expert opinion paper from an Italian panel.
- Author
-
Castaman, Giancarlo, Borchiellini, Alessandra, Coppola, Antonio, Cultrera, Dorina, Marino, Renato, Federici, Augusto B., Giuffrida, Anna Chiara, Marchesini, Emanuela, Molinari, Angelo Claudio, Maria, Siboni Simona, and Zanon, Ezio
- Subjects
- *
VON Willebrand disease , *VON Willebrand factor , *BLOOD coagulation factor VIII , *VON Hippel-Lindau disease , *PREVENTIVE medicine - Abstract
Objectives: The present review aims to summarize the state‐of‐the‐art von Willebrand disease (VWD) treatment focusing on specific clinical settings (obstetrics, surgery, long‐term prophylaxis and comorbidities) as well as on the use of a Von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate with low FVIII content. Methods: Literature research and case reports. Results and Conclusions: Considering that patients affected by VWD have an intact ability to synthesize FVIII, in order to avoid excessive levels of FVIII, a highly purified plasma VWF concentrate with low FVIII content could be particularly useful in those patients and clinical circumstances at high thrombotic risk as well as for long‐term prophylaxis. When deciding the optimal therapeutic strategy, physicians should take into account both the patient's history and the differences among available concentrates according to the clinical situations requiring treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Visualizing Genomic Medicine: An Introduction to General Biology
- Author
-
Caryn Babaian and Sudhir Kumar
- Abstract
The emerging field of genomic medicine offers an opportunity for biology and anatomy teachers to bring the topics of DNA, genetics, molecular processes, and evolution together into one experience. Through the genomic medicine paradigm, students see the unbroken connection between small biological topics such as mutations and their potential connection to disease phenotypes. In this paper, we present as a main example cystic fibrosis, which is an often-studied genetic disease in general biology class, for examination through the genomic medicine lens. Concepts such as genes, the plasma membrane, variation, mutations, the nucleus, and chromosomes can be used in a narrative and visual approach to genetics through the genomic medicine standpoint to engage and connect students with next-generation genomics and with the fundamental unit of life -- the cell. It is through the genomic medicine lens that the cell's context and relationship to the evolving world takes place.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Cervical screening: ESGO-EFC position paper of the European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology (ESGO) and the European Federation of Colposcopy (EFC)
- Author
-
Jack Cuzick, Mario Poljak, F. Xavier Bosch, Pekka Nieminen, Peter Sasieni, Marc Arbyn, Vesna Kesic, Murat Gultekin, Jane J. Kim, Joakim Dillner, Mark Jit, Christine Bergeron, Maria Kyrgiou, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Imperial College London, University of Hong Kong, University of Ljubljana, University of Helsinki, University of Belgrade, Queen’s Mary University, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinicum, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Genotyping Techniques ,Cost effectiveness ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Cervix Uteri ,GUIDELINES ,COST-EFFECTIVENESS ,CYTOLOGY ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Papillomaviridae ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Colposcopy ,Cervical cancer ,Intraepithelial neoplasia ,Cervical screening ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Vaccination ,WOMEN ,Viral Load ,Health policy ,3. Good health ,oncologia ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,TESTS ,oncology ,examens cervicals ,Female ,oncología ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,QUALITY-ASSURANCE ,3122 Cancers ,Audit ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Humans ,cervical screening ,Papillomavirus Vaccines ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ,Preventive medicine ,business.industry ,examenes cervicales ,Papillomavirus Infections ,Consensus Statement ,HIGH-RISK HPV ,onncology ,PERFORMANCE ,medicine.disease ,Triage ,INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA ,Family medicine ,CANCER PRECURSORS ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
This paper summarises the position of ESGO and EFC on cervical screening based on existing guidelines and opinions of a team of lead experts. HPV test is replacing cytology as this offers greater protection against cervical cancer and allows longer screening intervals. Only a dozen of HPV tests are considered as clinically validated for screening. The lower specificity of HPV test dictates the use of triage tests that can select women for colposcopy. Reflex cytology is currently the only well validated triage test; HPV genotyping and p16 immunostaining may be used in the future, although methylation assays and viral load also look promising. A summary of quality assurance benchmarks is provided, and the importance to audit the screening histories of women who developed cancer is noted as a key objective. HPV-based screening is more cost-effective than cytology or cotesting. HPV-based screening should continue in the post-vaccination era. Only a fraction of the female population is vaccinated, and this varies across countries. A major challenge will be to personalise screening frequency according to vaccination status. Still the most important factor for successful prevention by screening is high population coverage and organised screening. Screening with self-sampling to reach under-screened women is promising.
- Published
- 2020
40. Selected papers from the Conference on Disease Prevention and Health Enhancement.
- Subjects
- Humans, Health Promotion, Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 1989
41. [Discussional comments on the papers by Lund, Spann, Bockelmann].
- Subjects
- Eye Diseases prevention & control, Germany, West, Humans, Legislation, Medical, Physician-Patient Relations, Risk, Health Education, Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 1978
42. [Epidemiologic-sociological problems in the continuing control of cardiovascular diseases. Paper presented at the 2d Congress for Sociology and the socio-medical conference of the Society for Social Hygiene of the GDR].
- Author
-
Miehlke G, Anders G, Barth W, and Böthig S
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attitude to Health, Congresses as Topic, Germany, East, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Regional Health Planning, Sampling Studies, Societies, Medical, State Medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, Sociology
- Published
- 1974
43. Preventive care of the elderly: a review of current developments. Papers from the National Workshop on the Role of the Primary Care Team in Screening and Case Finding of Elderly Patients. Harrogate, March 1986.
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Geriatrics, Population Surveillance, Preventive Medicine
- Published
- 1987
44. Cardamom oil-infused paper box: Enhancing rambutan fruit post-harvest disease control with reusable packaging.
- Author
-
Chaidech, Pailin and Matan, Narumol
- Subjects
- *
CARTONS , *CARDAMOMS , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *FRUIT storage , *PESTALOTIOPSIS , *APPLE blue mold , *POSTHARVEST diseases - Abstract
The research aimed to develop a paper box with 10–300 μl of cardamom oil to improve rambutan storage, reduce waste, and explore reuse possibilities. The experiment investigated the delay in mold growth caused by the post-harvest disease, Pestalotiopsis sp., both on the medium and on rambutan fruit under storage conditions of 10 ± 2 °C and approximately 80% RH. The results showed that CM at 300 μl significantly inhibited Pestalotiopsis sp. mycelium and spore germination on the medium, while a lower volume of 30 μl effectively delayed mold incidence on rambutan during the 14-day storage period. The confirmed antifungal mode of action indicated that CM disrupted Pestalotiopsis sp. ergosterol and cell membrane integrity, resulting in mycelium lysis and damaged morphology, thereby inhibiting its growth. The active fruit box can be reused for at least 2 or 3 storage cycles, effectively delaying rambutan decay and preserving its color change parameters. By using the box with 30 μl of CM, rambutan's shelf-life was extended to 14 days compared to the control's shelf-life of around 7 days. Active paper boxes offer a valuable solution for improving post-harvest fruit storage and transportation, benefiting both farmers and consumers. • A paper box with a CM paper pad effectively delayed the growth of Pestalotiopsis sp. • CM vapor released from packaging damaged the conidia and mycelium of Pestalotiopsis sp. • The paper box with CM can be reused at least twice to preserve the quality of rambutans. • CM showed destructive potential in the cell membrane of the fungi. • CM could maintain the quality of rambutan during storage seven to 14 days of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Which Socio-Scientific Dimensions Do 11th Graders Refer to When Deciding Whether to Be Vaccinated against COVID-19?
- Author
-
Sergio Calavia, B. Bravo-Torija, and B. Mazas
- Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the socio-scientific dimensions which 46 11th graders, enrolled in the subject scientific culture, consider to justify their COVID-19 vaccination decision and how they managed to combine and integrate these dimensions before and after working on a sequence of activities aimed at learning about argumentation in science. Although almost all the students intended to be vaccinated against COVID-19, the results show that before the sequence, they used one or two dimensions to justify their decision, while after it, some combined up to five dimensions. The ethical and social-cultural dimensions were two of the most frequently used. The scientific dimension was infrequent in the initial argument but was, however, the most used dimension in the final argument, after the intervention. Working on socioscientific issues encourages the development of argumentation skills, and, in this specific case, health education skills as well.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Trans-fatty acids, dangerous bonds for health? A background review paper of their use, consumption, health implications and regulation in France
- Author
-
Menaa, Farid, Menaa, Abder, Menaa, Bouzid, and Tréton, Jacques
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Rabies vaccines: WHO position paper, April 2018 – Recommendations.
- Author
-
World Health Organization, null
- Subjects
- *
RABIES vaccines , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *IMMUNOGLOBULINS , *CHOLERA vaccines - Abstract
This article presented the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations on the use of Rabies vaccines excerpted from the Rabies vaccines: WHO position paper – April 2018 published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1] This position paper replaces the 2010 WHO position paper on rabies vaccines [2] . It presents new evidence in the field of rabies and the use of rabies vaccines, focussing on programmatic feasibility, simplification of vaccination schedules and improved cost-effectiveness. The recommendations concern the 2 main immunization strategies, namely vaccination for post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccination for pre-exposure prophylaxis. In the context of post-exposure prophylaxis, recommendations are also provided on the use of rabies immunoglobulins. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation tables. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO’s current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of cholera vaccines were discussed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) in October 2017; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2017/october/presentations_background_docs/en/ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. PERSONALIZED MEDICINE - CHALLENGE FOR HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: A PERSPECTIVE PAPER.
- Author
-
STEFANICKA-WOJTAS, DOROTA and KURPAS, DONATA
- Subjects
- *
INDIVIDUALIZED medicine , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *DIAGNOSIS , *MEDICAL care , *CONTINUUM of care - Abstract
Personalized Medicine is a challenge for healthcare systems in Central and Eastern Europe if they are to provide patients with personalized diagnosis and treatment. Personalized medicine (PM) is about tailoring a treatment as individualized as the disease. [1] Integrated care involves receiving care along a continuum of health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, disease-management, rehabilitation and palliative care services, coordinated across the different levels and sites of care within and beyond the health sector, and according to the needs of patients throughout the life course. Personalized Medicine and Integrated Care are among the most important concepts related to the management and organization of healthcare systems. This article intends to identify challenges to the adoption of personalized medicine and stimulate fruitful dialogue and debate about the evaluation of barriers and facilitators within the implementation of personalized medicine interventions, identify the barriers and take systematic actions to remove as many of them as possible to create a future where PM is fully integrated into real-life settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. تقييم النخبة الطبية األكاديمية المصرية لمعالجة المواقع اإلخبارية ألزمات الطب الوقائي )لقاح كورونا أنموذ ًجا(: دراسة ميدانية.
- Author
-
شفق أحمد علي علي
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC paper , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *THERAPEUTICS , *VACCINES , *ACQUISITION of data - Abstract
This study sought to identify the opinions of the Egyptian academic medical elite in the treatment of news sites for preventive medicine crises (corona vaccine model) and their assessment of this treatment and their trends towards it. The study relied on the method of media survey and it used the tool of electronic and paper questionnaire to collect data. The Egyptian academic medical elite chose the site of the seventh day with a relative weight of (61) in the front of the sites that were keen to follow it in the treatment of the Corona vaccine, and then sky news Arabic at a relative weight (57), and then the website BBC Arabic at a relative weight (56), and also chose breaking news form first, which is keen to follow it in the treatment of corona vaccine at a relative weight of (80.3), and then live broadcast at a relative weight (62), and then news reports at a relative weight (61). (48.5%) of respondents considered corona vaccine treatment on news sites to be fairly in-depth, (37.9%) felt superficial, and (13.6%) felt it was in-depth. A statistically significant correlation between the assessment of the Egyptian academic medical elite to address corona vaccine news sites and the degree of follow-up to them has been established. A statistically significant correlation between the degree of follow-up of the Egyptian academic medical elite to treat corona vaccine on news sites and their levels of confidence has also been established, while a statistically significant correlation between the elite's follow-up score for corona vaccine treatment on news sites and the effects of follow-up has not been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
50. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) position paper on how to prevent atrial fibrillation endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)
- Author
-
Isabelle C. Van Gelder, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Chern En Chiang, Pompilio Faggiano, Timm Dickfeld, Martin Halle, Irina Savelieva, Prashanthan Sanders, Ugo Corrà, Emelia J. Benjamin, Gulmira Kudaiberdieva, Jean-Paul Schmid, Massimo F Piepoli, Ana Abreu, Martin K. Stiles, Lale Tokgozoglu, Laurent Fauchier, David R. Van Wagoner, Marc A. Vos, Bulent Gorenek, Deirdre A. Lane, Maja-Lisa Løchen, Francisco Marín, Richard I. Fogel, Márcio Jansen de Oliveira Figueiredo, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Giuseppe Boriani, Josef Niebauer, Stefan Agewall, Andreas Goette, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Torben Larsen, Antonio Pelliccia, Kristen K. Patton, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), MUMC+: MA Cardiologie (9), RS: CARIM - R2.01 - Clinical atrial fibrillation, Cardiologie, and Kardiyoloji
- Subjects
Epidemiology ,COMMUNITY-BASED COHORT ,Medications ,Comorbidity ,Disease ,Arrhythmias ,Amiodarone ,Indirect costs ,0302 clinical medicine ,OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA ,Air pollution ,Alcohol ,Atrial fibrillation ,Caffeine ,Diabetes ,Diet ,Genetic predisposition ,Health economics ,Hyperlipidaemia ,Hypertension ,Hyperthyroidism ,Obesity ,Obstructive sleep apnoea ,Patient preferences ,Physical activity ,Post-operative atrial fibrillation ,Prevention ,Psychological distress ,Recreational drugs ,Risk factors ,Smoking ,Stroke ,Supraventricular arrhythmias ,Therapy ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE ,education.field_of_study ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Preventive Health Services / standards ,Prognosis ,NORMAL THYROID-FUNCTION ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS ,TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS ,Risk Assessment ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Physiology (medical) ,Humans ,Risk factor ,education ,Intensive care medicine ,Life Style ,Atrial Fibrillation / prevention & control ,RISK STRATIFICATION SCHEMES ,Genetic predisposition, Hyperthyroidism, Supraventricular arrhythmias, Post-operative atrial fibrillation, Therapy, Stroke ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation, Prevention, Risk factors, Obesity, Hyperlipidaemia, Diet, Caffeine, Alcohol ,Blood pressure ,Relative risk ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,Preventive Medicine ,Risk Reduction Behavior ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,HSM CAR ,Risk Factors ,POLYUNSATURATED-FATTY-ACIDS ,Atrial Fibrillation ,Preventive Health Services ,030212 general & internal medicine ,PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION ,Patient preferences, Health economics, Medications ,Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiology ,Risk assessment ,EHRA Position Paper ,Cardiology / standards ,medicine.drug ,Consensus ,Population ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Journal Article ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,business.industry ,Preventive Medicine / standards ,Obstructive sleep apnoea, Diabetes, Hypertension, Smoking, Air pollution, Recreational drugs, Psychological distress, Physical activity ,Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis ,BODY-MASS INDEX ,Heart failure ,business ,HEALTH TECHNOLOGY-ASSESSMENT - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important and highly prevalent arrhythmia, which is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality, including a four- to five-fold increased risk for stroke,1,2 a two-fold increased risk for dementia,3,4 a three-fold risk for heart failure,2 a two-fold increased risk for myocardial infarction,5,6 and a 40–90% increased risk for overall mortality.2,7 The constantly increasing number of AF patients and recognition of increased morbidity, mortality, impaired quality of life, safety issues, and side effects of rhythm control strategies with antiarrhythmic drugs, and high healthcare costs associated with AF have spurred numerous investigations to develop more effective treatments for AF and its complications.8 Although AF treatment has been studied extensively, AF prevention has received relatively little attention, while it has paramount importance in the prevention of morbidity and mortality, and complications associated with arrhythmia and its treatment. Current evidence shows a clear association between the presence of modifiable risk factors and the risk of developing AF. By implementing AF risk reduction strategies aiming at risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive sleep ap-noea (OSA), which are interrelated, we impact upon the escalating incidence of AF in the population and ultimately decrease the healthcare burden of associated co-morbidities of AF. To address this issue, a Task Force was convened by the European Heart Rhythm Association and the European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society and Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, with the remit to comprehensively review the published evidence available, to publish a joint consensus document on the prevention of AF, and to provide up-to-date consensus recommendations for use in clinical practice. In this document, our aim is to summarize the current evidence on the association of each modifiable risk factor with AF and the available data on the impact of possible interventions directed at these factors in preventing or reducing the burden of AF. While the evidence on AF prevention is still emerging, the topic is not fully covered in current guidelines and some aspects are still controversial. Therefore, there is a need to provide expert recommendations for professionals participating in the care of at-risk patients and populations, with respect to addressing risk factors and lifestyle modifications. Health economic considerations Atrial fibrillation is a costly disease, both in terms of direct, and indirect costs, the former being reported by cost of illness studies as per-patient annual costs in the range of US $2000–14200 in North America and of €450–3000 in Europe.9 In individuals with AF or at risk of developing AF, any effective preventive measure, intervention on modifiable risk factors or comorbidities, as well as any effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment has the aim to reduce AF occurrence, thromboembolic events and stroke, morbidity and, possibly, mortality related to this arrhythmia. Apart from the clinical endpoints, achievement of these goals has economic significance, in terms of positive impact on direct and indirect costs and favourable cost–effectiveness at mid- or long-term, in the perspective of healthcare systems.10–12 In view of the epidemiological profile of AF and progressive aging of the population,13 an impressive increase of patients at risk of AF or affected by AF,14 also in an asymptomatic stage, is expected in the next decades, inducing a growing financial burden on healthcare systems, not only in Europe and North America, but also worldwide.15,16 In consideration of this emerging epidemiological threat due to AF, it is worth considering a paradigm shift, going beyond the conventional approach of primary prevention based on treatment of AF risk factors, but, instead, considering the potential for ‘primordial’ prevention, defined as prevention of the development of risk factors predisposing to AF in the first place.17 This approach, aimed at avoiding the emergence and penetration of risk factors into the population, has been proposed in general terms for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases17 and should imply combined efforts of policymakers, regulatory and social service agencies, providers, physicians, community leaders, and consumers, in an attempt to improve social and environmental conditions, as well as individual behaviours, in the pursuit of adopting healthy lifestyle choices.16 Since a substantial proportion of incident AF events can be attributable to elevated or borderline levels of risk factors for AF,18 this approach could be an effective way to reduce the financial burden linked to AF epidemiology. In terms of individual behaviour and adoption of a ‘healthy lifestyle’, it is worth considering that availability of full healthcare coverage (through health insurance or the healthcare system) may in some cases facilitate the unwanted risk of reducing, at an individual level, the motivation to adopt all the preventive measures that are advisable, in line with the complex concept of ‘moral hazard effect’.19 Patient education and patient empowerment are the correct strategies for avoiding this undesirable effect.
- Published
- 2017
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