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The Natural Science Museum of Barcelona (MCNB) houses a total of 309 specimens of non–human primates. The collection comprises 102 stuffed animals, 33 skins, 73 skeletons, 24 postcranial skeletons, eight mounted skeletons, 54 skulls, three whole animals in alcohol, and 31 other samples (bones & other). Over the last two years the collection has been completely reviewed and reorganized. The collection contains 39 genera and includes a wide range of extant non–human primates. It houses specimens from Africa, Asia and South and Central America, with 10.26% of samples being Strepsirrhines, 26.92% New World monkeys and 62.18% Old World monkeys. The Museum houses some endangered or rare species. In this work we present the contents of the recent review with new and updated taxonomic attributions together with a complete list of samples that includes information on age, class and preservation status for each specimen.

The article presents the study which examined the contributions of Italian zoologist and anthropologist Enrico Hillyer Giglioli to 19th century primatology. It also presents Giglioli's activities as director of the Zoological and Anatomical Cabinet of the Natural History Museum La Specola of Florence in Italy. Among the species discovered by Giglioli are the Boutorlini's Blue Monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii), and the orangutan species Pongo pygmaeus and Pongo abellii.

The article presents the study which examined the non-human primates (NHP) works of Italian physician Ulisse Aldrovandi in the 16th century. It cites the watercolour plates in Aldrovandi's book "De Quadrupedibus Digitatis Viviparis," including the De cercopitheco, De cynocephalo, and De papione. The other species studied by Aldrovandi include the Barbary macaque called Simia pithekos, the Callithrix geoffroyi, and Cebus capuchinus.