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Exploring the emergence and maintenance of cooperation in social dilemma is valuable and it arises considerable concerns of many researchers. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to promote cooperation, called benefit community, in which cooperators linking together form a common benefit community and all their payoffs obtained from game are divided coequally. The robustness of conclusions is tested for the PDG (prisoners' dilemma game) on square lattice and WS small world network. We find that cooperation can be promoted by this typical mechanism, especially, it can diffuse and prevail more easily and rapidly on the WS small world network than it on the square lattice, even if a big temptation to defect b. Our research provides a feasible direction to resolve the social dilemma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In repeated games, historical interactions lead to varying environment. Among existing studies, the variation of environment or game is basically considered from the perspective of nodes, while in pairwise game, it is more reasonable to consider the interactive environment from the perspective of edges. In addition, since historical interactive experience of pairwise players has an impact on the current interactive environment, the duration of pairwise strategies produces differentiated results. Therefore, we consider the persistence-dependent dynamic interactive environment where the persistence of pairwise strategy affects the weight between two interacting players, and the game resource of interactive environment is influenced by varying weight. The results suggest that the introduction of persistence-dependent dynamic interactive environment can effectively enhance cooperation, and a larger weight increment of CD link generates a higher cooperation level as it indicates that the reward for cooperative behavior is significant, although a single cooperator for the pairwise interacting players. • We introduce the persistence-dependent dynamic interactive environment in prisoner's dilemma game. • An intermediate variable, weight, is introduced and influenced by the strategy persistence of pairwise players. • The fluctuation scale of weight is dependent on distinct kinds of edge links, and a parameter η for CD link is introduced. • The variation of weight determines the changing resources for the interactive environment. • Our new model can boost cooperation significantly, especially for the larger η. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The evolution of cooperation hypothesized that emotion can influence one's own willingness to change strategies is investigated. • Distinct from the traditional evolutionary model, our model hypothesized that individuals are divided into two categories, namely, non-competitive individuals and competitive individuals, and their emotion is considered quantifiable and cumulative. • The existence of non-competitive individuals has a significant positive effect on the survival of cooperators, but the presence of competitive individuals also makes non-competitive individuals much less effective in promoting cooperation. • The emotional cumulative length plays a key role in promoting overall cooperation, but surprisingly, the cooperation rate of competitive individuals peaks at an intermediate value of emotional cumulative length. Emotion emerges along with individuals' interactions, and numerous experimental studies have shown that emotion plays an important role in individual decision making. However, how emotion affects the evolution of cooperation in structured population is largely unknown. Here we introduce emotion into network reciprocity, where emotion is considered quantifiable and cumulative, and then divide individuals into two types, namely non-competitive individuals whose social value orientation is mutually beneficial and competitive individuals whose social value orientation is maximizing outcomes for the self. Here, we explore the effects of the proportion of non-competitive individuals and emotional cumulative length on the evolution of cooperation. Simulation results show that the existence of non-competitive individuals promotes cooperation in the system. Furthermore, we also find that emotional cumulative length plays a key role in promoting overall cooperation, but surprisingly, the cooperation rate of competitive individuals peaks at an intermediate value of emotional cumulative length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]