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Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is a major cause of chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma. Antibiotics, the conventional regimen for eliminating H. pylori , cause severe bacterial resistance, gut dysbiosis and hepatic insufficiency. Here, fifty lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were initially screened out of 266 strains obtained from infants' feces and oral cavity. The antagonistic properties of these 50 strains against H. pylori were investigated. Based on eight metrics combined with principal component analysis, three LAB with probiotic function and excellent anti- H. pylori capacity were affirmed. Combining dynamics test, metabolite assays, adhesion assays, co-cultivation experiments, and SEM and TEM observations, LAB were found to antagonize H. pylori by causing coccoid conversion and intercellular adhesion. Furthermore, it was found that LAB antagonized H. pylori by four pathways, i.e. , production of anti- H. pylori substances, inhibition of H. pylori colonization, enhancement of the gastric mucosal barrier, and anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, animal model experiments verified that the final screened superior strain L. salivarius NCUH062003 had anti- H. pylori activity in vivo . LAB also reduced IL-8 secretion, ultimately alleviating the inflammatory response of gastric mucosa. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data showed that the NCUH062003 genome contained the secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene cluster T3PKS. Furthermore, NCUH062003 had a strong energy metabolism and substance transport capacity, and produced a small molecule heat stable peptide (SHSP, 4.1-6.5 kDa). Meanwhile, LAB proved to be safe through antibiotic susceptibility testing and CARD database comparisons.

Background: Production and consumption of probiotics need to meet many adverse stresses, which can reduce their health-promoting effects on humans. Microencapsulation is an effective technique to improve the biological activity of probiotics and wall materials are also required during encapsulation. Application of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) in probiotic delivery is increasing., Results: This work aims to study the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI)-xylose conjugates heated at different times on the viability and stability of probiotics. SPI-xylose MRPs formed after heat treatment based on changes in the browning intensity, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After heat treatment, α-helix and β-sheet contents of SPI-xylose mixture shifted from 11.3% and 31.3% to 6.4-11.0% and 31.0-36.9%, respectively, and the thermal stability slightly changed. During spray drying, except for MRP240@LAB, probiotic viability was higher in the MRP-based probiotic microcapsules (21.36-25.31%) than in Mix0@LAB (20.17%). MRP-based probiotic microcapsules had smaller particle sizes (431.1-1243.0 nm vs. 7165.0 nm) and greater intestinal digestion tolerance than Mix0@LAB. Moreover, the MRP-based probiotic microcapsules showed better storability than Mix0@LAB and adequate growth and metabolism capacity., Conclusion: SPI-xylose Maillard reaction products are a promising wall material for probiotics microencapsulation, which can improve bacterial survivability during spray drying and enhance bacterial gastrointestinal digestion resistance. This study sheds light on preparing probiotic microcapsules with superior properties by spray drying. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.)

The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from 16 feces samples of pig farm, and to evaluate the probiotic potential of these isolates as potential oral probiotic candidates. The selection process was based on the isolation, identification, and a series of experiments for the selection of appropriate candidates with beneficial properties. The results demonstrated that most of LAB showed relatively strong resistance to pH 2.5 and high bile salts (1%), and had good survival in simulated gastric and intestinal juice. 9 isolates displayed antimicrobial activities against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter sakazakii. Almost all isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and amoxicillin, and most of isolates exhibited resistance against tetracycline and vancomycin. The adhesion rates of LAB varied greatly. The results of the study suggested that the Lactobacillus acidophilus NCUA065001 have the important functional property of probiotic candidates to enhance gut integrity and could considered to be the potential antibiotic alternatives in the pig feed industry., (© 2023 Japanese Society of Animal Science.)

The cover image is based on the Research Article Application of soy protein isolate‐xylose conjugates for improving the viability and stability of probiotics microencapsulated by spray drying by Tonghao Du et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.12728. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperuricemia has become the increasing public health burden, which is a risk factor for gout, chronic kidney, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Lactic acid bacteria have been attracting considerable interest for the safe and effective treatment of hyperuricemia in recent years. In this study, Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCUH003018, Limosilactobacillus reuteri NCUH064056 and Lactobacillus gasseri NCUH066006 were preliminarily selected from sixty strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from infant feces and fermented vegetables, and showed the ability of efficient degradation of inosine and guanosine, inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity, the tolerance to acid and bile salt, adhesion to epithelium cells, antibacterial activity, and antibiotic susceptibility in vitro. Then hyperuricemia mice model was established by high-yeast diet and intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate to analyze the uric acid-lowering effect of the three Lactobacillus in vivo. The results showed that Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCU003018 was the most effective in lowering uric acid level in mice, which prompted the decrease of serum uric acid by 30.77% compared with hyperuricemia model group. Therefore, the Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCU003018 is considered as a probiotic with anti-hyperuricemia ability, which could be used as a promising candidate in preventing and treating hyperuricemia, and the uric-acid lowering mechanism merits further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]