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This will be a scoping review of how prescription warnings in electronic health records affect alert fatigue.

The main objective of this scoping review was to identify evidence regarding the adjunct of virtual reality (VR) in dentistry in healthy patients (ASA I and II) with dental anxiety. The methodology of this review was based on the PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR checklist) and JBI guidance. The Population, Concept and Context structure were applied in order to determine eligibility criteria and search terms. A literature search strategy was carried out in PubMed and EMBASE databases on September 2nd 2021. Only studies with an available full text in English were included. Two reviewers performed the article search, selection and screening in a blinded manner. The same reviewers performed the data extraction by means of tables and graphs. In total, 43 studies were included in this scoping review, of which 34 interventional studies (mainly RCTs, CCTs and case series studies) and nine systematic reviews with/without meta-analysis. Nineteen included interventional studies were also involved in the included systematic reviews. VR was applied in pediatric dentistry, oral surgery (tooth extraction), dental caries treatment, periodontology, wound care after burn injury, upper extremity surgery, immunization and medical imaging. While using VR during dental treatment, 21 articles showed a significant reduction in anxiety and pain perception, nine articles reported a reduction in blood pressure and pulse rate, one article reported the decrease of the salivary cortisol levels. The application of VR in dentistry is reported to be user-friendly, mentioned by two articles. Adverse events due to the application of VR in dentistry go from mild nausea (12 studies) to severe dizziness, seizures, eye or muscle twitching, or blackouts triggered by light flashes (one study). No data regarding cost and maintenance were found in the included articles. VR is applied as an adjunct to dental treatment of healthy patients (ASA I and II) in diverse fields in dentistry, but reports in endodontology are lacking. It seems to decrease the patients’ anxiety, pain perception, blood pressure, pulse rate and salivary cortisol level during dental treatment. Taking into account the potential adverse effects and potential cost, it seems to be easy-to-use in dentistry.

See submitted Gut Feelings manuscript or ACTRN12617000795392 for trial background. The aim of the current analysis was to evaluate the effect of psychobiotics on the gut microbiome.

The NORHELP-study (Norwegiean Bereavement help study) is a mixed-method study exploring bereaved parents' and adult sibilings' needs for bereavement related help and support after child loss / loss of a sibling on a primary care level, and their experience with the received support. It furthermore explores the care-giver side, in investigating health professionals experiences with providing crisis support and long-term follow up for bereaved after sudden child loss. Thereby, the study seeks to explore to what extend the bereaveds' need for care is consistent with the care they actually received. Ultimately, the study seeks to nvestigate whether there is a connenction between the support received and long-term grief reactions such as complicated grief.

Preregistration of analysis plan

This systematic review is investigating the effects of psychological stress on musculoskeletal tissue health.

The aim of this scoping review is to create an overview about existing measuring parameters for pain-related and movement-related fear and the underlying constructs.

Objective: To understand the extent and type of empirical evidence available relating to the impact of complex trauma on daily functioning and occupations in childhood. Introduction: Extensive investigation has explored the negative effects that exposure to complex trauma has on various components of health and development in childhood. However, research considering the impact of complex trauma on daily functioning and occupation in the lives of children and youth has been treated in limited detail. Inclusion Criteria: The review will include empirical studies involving children and youth who have been exposed to prolonged or repeated experiences of interpersonal trauma within a caregiver relationship. The study must include a report of the impact of complex trauma on an aspect of daily functioning or occupation in a child’s life. Methods: The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be used to conduct this review, accompanied by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A systematic search strategy will be run through the EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Web of Science databases. A hand search will be conducted to ensure sources which fall outside these databases are included. The title and abstract will be screened by two independent reviewers. The full texts of potentially relevant sources will be screened by two independent reviewers with a third acting as adjudicator to resolve discrepancies. The data extracted will be synthesized using thematic analysis, presented in tabular form, and accompanied by a narrative summary describing its relationship to the review question.

A scoping review protocol aiming at mapping and characterize the literature regarding the positive and negative psychological aspects of parents of individuals with Rett syndrome in all ages.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of research that has been conducted regarding sexual trauma revictimization among military personnel and veterans. Introduction: Military sexual trauma (MST) is a traumatic event that has become a growing concern in all branches of the U.S. military. Despite preventative efforts by the Department of Defense and the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the incidence of sexual abuse among service members has been increasing. Between the years of 1997-2015, rates of MST have increased by 200% (Collette, 2021), and the VHA estimates that 33% of women and 2% of men have suffered sexual abuse during their time in the military (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2021). Many of these individuals go on to suffer negative physical and mental health outcomes such as PTSD, depression, eating disorders, emotion dysregulation, substance use disorder, and even further sexual trauma (Walker et al., 2017). Sexual abuse revictimization is a concerning outcome of sexual trauma that results in similar symptoms of the original sexual abuse, but with a greater risk (Arata, 2002). A multitude of reviews of the extant literature on revictimization have been published over the last two decades synthesizing the current evidence that has established sexual trauma, in all stages of development: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, as a risk factor for future sexual abuse. Critically, a recent review by Walker et al. (2017) found that individuals who experience sexual abuse are three times more likely to be revictimized and the likelihood of revictimization increases with the recency, frequency, and severity of the abuse. Although there have been many reviews of sexual trauma revictimization within the general population, the same cannot be said for military and veteran populations, which have been known to have relatively higher rates of sexual trauma. To date, only one systematic review has been conducted regarding this high-risk population (Tirone et al., 2020). Unfortunately, this review only considered sexual trauma happening within or after the military experience, not sexual abuse that may have occurred before. Consequently, the literature analyzing sexual trauma and revictimization throughout the entire lifetime, to include: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (prior to military service) has been overlooked, and a scoping review exploring these additional factors merits consideration. It is our goal to take an inclusive and comprehensive approach, looking at sexual abuse throughout the entire lifetime: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood- of an individual who is currently serving on active duty or has served in the past. We hope to discover broad trends of revictimization before, during, and after military service; treatment modalities; and potential mediators and moderators of revictimization.

Developing an evidence mapping framework to identify and describe the current literature surrounding performance in United States Military Special Operations.

The primary purpose of this modified Delphi process is to derive a set of fundamental considerations for the design and implementation of placebo control interventions, applicable to clinical trials of physical, psychological, and self-management therapies for pain. Informed by a preliminary systematic review of methods, the panellists’ experiences and an external patient and stakeholder engagement exercise, the aim is to enhance and standardise placebo control design in the field and find solutions to the particular challenges of placebo controlling clinical trials of complex participatory interventions.

Pre-registration for Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) study about crafting across life domains during working days

We are trying to understand how people with Parkinson's watch emotionally expressed dance and whether music plays a role in their perception of movement.

Holmes and Rahe published the Social Readjustment Rating Scale in 1967 (Holmes & Rahe, 1967). There have been a number of updates since the original SRRS was first published (Hobson & Delunas, 2001; Hobson et al., 1998; Miller & Rahe, 1997; Muhlenkamp, Gress, & Flood, 1975). However, the most recent of these is already 20 years ago, and therefore a further update appears timely. The primary aim of the current study is to update the SRRS without fundamentally changing the scale to ensure that studies based on the original SRRS can be compared with studies that use this update. The secondary aim is to collect data from younger adults (18 – 35yrs) specifically to assess whether it might be suitable to administer the SRRS across all adult ages, perhaps with weightings adjusted by age band (young vs. middle-aged, vs older adults). This may be of use for researchers.

The goal of the present study is to investigate how information on an analgesic therapy affects the evaluation of recollected pain episodes. Moreover, we want to investigate whether recognition memory performance for therapeutic information affects the evaluation of recollected pain episodes. Therefore, the subjects are instructed to recall a moderate and severe pain episode from memory and evaluate pain intensity, suffering from pain and pain interference in relation to the recollected pain episodes. Subsequently, the subjects receive one of four different types of information on analgesic therapy. This therapeutic information varies in terms of (1) the likelihood of receiving an analgesic (high/low confidence) and (2) the potency of the analgesic (high/low potency). Afterwards, the subjects shall re-evaluate the recollected pain episodes, however, this time accounting for the therapeutic information they just have received. In order to measure the effect of recognition memory performance for therapeutic information on the pre-post changes in pain ratings, a Remember-Know-task with items from the therapeutic information on analgesic therapy is assessed at the end of the experiment.

It is known that some individuals greatly reduce or even quit drinking prior to the initiation of a scheduled treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). It is unclear how patterns of drinking prior to inpatient treatment predict post-treatment outcomes. We propose to conduct a latent class analysis of drinking patterns in the 4 months prior to residential AUD treatment and investigate how these classes relate to post-treatment alcohol use and problems.

The aim of the present scoping review is to summarize and evaluate the current state of evidence regarding the effects of evening/nocturnal light exposure on acute melatonin suppression in children and adolescents. To our best knowledge, this will be the first review to summarize this field of research. The evaluation of strengths and weaknesses of earlier studies hopefully contributes to an optimization of future research.

Background: It is well known that premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is more prevalent in women of childbearing age than before as a common disease. But numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that PMDD start from the adolescence, which have brought it a severe public health concern. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reliable estimates on the prevalence and risk factors among female adolescents. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PMDD among adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases (from January 2000 onwards), including PubMed, MEDLINE, WoS (Clarivate Analytics), Embase, Google Scholar, CNKI, Chinese VIP Information, Wanfang Database and CBM will be searched separately. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence of PMDD among adolescents will be included. The primary outcome will be the prevalence of PMDD. Secondary outcomes will be the prevalence of any risk factors in association with PMDD. The abstract data and full-text articles will be independently screened by two reviewers. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using an appropriate tool. If feasible, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis of observational data. Subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g., gender, sample size, type of occupation). Publication bias and heterogeneity between the included studies will also be assessed and reported. Results: The results of this study will systematically evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among adolescents. Conclusion: This study will summarize the current published evidence of epidemiological investigations of PMDD with advanced age classification. Abbreviations: PMDD = premenstrual dysphoric disorder, PMS = premenstrual syndrome, ALLO = allopregnanolone, DSM-V =Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition, ICD= International Classification of Diseases, ROB = risk of bias, SMD = standardized mean difference. Keywords: SSRIs, Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Population-based observational studies, Systematic review protocol

The Medical Maximizer-Minimizer Scale (MMS) captures the extent to which some individuals are more disposed to seek health care than others (Scherer et al, 2016). Recent findings of Scherer et al (2020) suggest that people more disposed to seeking health care ("Maximizers") may also be more likely to make low-benefit health care decisions. Low-benefit health care has negative consequences for individuals and for the efficacy of a health care system as a whole. The aims of this study are to explore whether: - the MMS predicts preference for low- or high-benefit care (replication of Scherer et al, 2020) - Protection Motivation Theory explains Minimizer and Maximizer preferences for health behaviour - intolerance of uncertainty adds further explanatory power in understanding MMS responses in a behavioural threat - manipulating the cost (risk) and threat (reassurance) appraisal changes people's preference for high- and low-benefit care. Effective interventions that encourage individuals who have a tendency to make low-benefit health care decisions to make better choices could be enormously beneficial to those individuals as well as enabling health resources to be used efficiently.

Due to the complexity of Alzheimer's disease, multiple cellular types need to be targeted simultaneously in order for a given therapy to demonstrate any major effectiveness. Ultrasound-sensitive coated microbubbles (in a targeted lipid nanoemulsion) are available. Versatile small molecule drug(s) targeting multiple pathways of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis are known. By incorporating such drug(s) into the targeted LCM/ND lipid nanoemulsion type, one obtains a multitasking combination therapeutic for translational medicine. This multitasking therapeutic targets cell-surface scavenger receptors (mainly SR-BI), making possible for various Alzheimer's-related cell types to be simultaneously searched out for localized drug treatment in vivo. Besides targeting cell-surface SR-BI, the proposed LCM/ND-nanoemulsion combination therapeutic(s) include a characteristic lipid-coated microbubble [LCM] subpopulation (i.e., a stable LCM suspension); such film-stabilized microbubbles are well known to substantially reduce the acoustic power levels needed for accomplishing temporary noninvasive (transcranial) ultrasound treatment, or sonoporation, if additionally desired for the Alzheimer's patient.

This mixed methodology study aims to describe how patient education about functional disorders differs across specialist treatment settings in Europe. We will first identify relevant network of treatment services providing specialist management of functional disorders across at least 6 European Countries, and systematically gather and analyse patient educational material that is currently in use across these services. The second stage will be to survey health-care professionals working within these services about their personal understanding of the aetiology of functional disorders, and their clinical practices with regard to patient education and guided self-help. In the third stage we will carry out in depth semi-structured interviews with a sample group of healthcare professionals to enable richer descriptions to be gathered. Qualitative data will be analysed using theoretically driven thematic analysis. This work will build on in-depth recent literature reviews of themes in etiological explanations, explanatory models and effective behavioural change techniques. Quantitative survey data will be organised to allow comparison between factors of interest in the data-set (these include the country, professional background of the participant, and clinical focus of the treatment service’). This study builds on the work of the Clinic of functional disorders at Aarhus University Hospital. The purpose of the study is to describe information that may be important in developing an e-health educational programme that has international usability and acceptability.

This registration contains the project plan prior to receiving the data of the cross sectional study regarding cancer prevalence and characteristic of cancer care between individuals with and without mild or severe intellectual disabilities in the Netherlands. The used template for this registration is the current AsPredicted standard.

Schizophrenia is a very challenging condition to medically manage, especially with majority of the population ending up with medication noncompliance due to the severity of treatment resistance, adverse affects. This ultimately leads to a very poor quality of life. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been proposed as a new intervention to use in patients with treatment resistant Schizophrenia or those who are approaching treatment resistance due to poor access and inadequate quality of life. We hypothesize that ECT will improve the quality of life in schizophrenia and reduce the overall population in the frightening treatment resistant and become more treatment compliant and potentially remission.

This study will investigate whether adults with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder perform differently than adults who are typically developing in audiomotor entrainment and precise temporal prediction.​ It will further explore whether variation in tapping error correction and timing prediction error detection are correlated within groups in order to determine whether previously reported impairment in tapping error correction is based in perceptual differences or sensorimotor integration differences. Adult individuals with and without autism will be invited to participate in these experiments by listening and tapping on their laptops. They will listen to short metronomic stimuli with the final event perturbed in time and will judge the final event as early or late. They will tap along to steady and phase-shifted metronomes.

Registration of review as submitted to PROSPERO.

The aim of the proposed research is to further explore the relationship between the constructs of adult attachment and mindfulness at the trait level through repeated priming methods and their respective influence on psychological well-being outcomes. Therefore, directly addressing the question of whether repeated security priming leads to a change in trait mindfulness (and vice versa) and aim to answer the question of which intervention method is more effective at increasing: sleep quality, adaptive coping, psychological well-being, emotion regulation; and reducing stress, and dropout intent. Another core thread of this research is to ignite a discussion and re-evaluate best practices when promoting student mental health and providing support to our students. The long-term goal of the research is to inform the development of an inexpensive and widely accessible mental health promotion resource. That being said, the proposed research has the potential for immediate real-world impact. The results of this research will not only benefit the student body but also have the potential to alleviate the increasing demands faced by counselling services and other resources used by students and improve the overall student experience. A between-subjects design will be used, with participants being exposed to either one experimental (attachment security priming or mindfulness) or control condition (wait-list). All participants will be asked to provide consent (electronically) and to complete an online baseline assessment prior to scheduling their further participation. Eligible participants will be invited (via email) to schedule their participation in the experimental phase. All participation occurs online and is hosted via Qualtrics. Throughout the week-long experimental period, participants will be required to complete one 10-minute online exercise each day - delivered to them via the email they provide. Immediately upon completion of the experimental condition, participants will be asked to complete the baseline questionnaire as well as follow-up assessments at 1 and 4 weeks post-completion.

The purpose of this review is to provide an conceptual framework of the treatmen burden experienced by patients with multimorbidity by synthesizing qualitative and quantitative research data. Therefore, this review will identify the domains, antecedents, and consequences of treatment burden. Also, this review will evaluate the comprehensiveness of the instruments that have been used to assess treatment burden in patients with multimorbidity as well as their psychometric properties

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of research that has been conducted regarding sexual trauma revictimization among military personnel and veterans. Introduction: Military sexual trauma (MST) is a traumatic event that has become a growing concern in all branches of the U.S. military. Despite preventative efforts by the Department of Defense and the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the incidence of sexual violence among service members has been increasing. Between the years of 1997-2015, rates of MST have increased by 200% (Collette, 2021), and the VHA estimates that 33% of women and 2% of men have suffered sexual violence during their time in the military (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2021). Many of these individuals go on to suffer negative physical and mental health outcomes such as PTSD, depression, eating disorders, emotion dysregulation, substance use disorder, and even further sexual trauma (Walker et al., 2017). Sexual violence revictimization is a concerning outcome of sexual trauma that results in similar symptoms of the original sexual violence, but with a greater risk (Arata, 2002). A multitude of reviews of the extant literature on revictimization have been published over the last two decades synthesizing the current evidence that has established sexual trauma, in all stages of development: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, as a risk factor for future sexual abuse. Critically, a recent review by Walker et al. (2017) found that individuals who experience sexual abuse are three times more likely to be revictimized and the likelihood of revictimization increases with the recency, frequency, and severity of the abuse. Although there have been many reviews of sexual trauma revictimization within the general population, the same cannot be said for military and veteran populations, which have been known to have relatively higher rates of sexual trauma. To date, only one systematic review has been conducted regarding this high-risk population (Tirone et al., 2020). Unfortunately, this review only considered sexual trauma happening within or after the military experience, not sexual violence that may have occurred before. Consequently, the literature analyzing sexual trauma and revictimization throughout the entire lifetime, to include: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (prior to military service) has been overlooked, and a scoping review exploring these additional factors merits consideration. It is our goal to take an inclusive and comprehensive approach, looking at sexual trauma throughout the entire lifetime: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood- of an individual who is currently serving on active duty or has served in the past. We hope to discover broad trends of revictimization before, during, and after military service; treatment modalities; and potential mediators and moderators of revictimization.

INTRODUCTION: The need to be able to assess collaborative practice in health care teams has been recognized in response to the direction for team-based care in a number of policy documents. The purpose of this study is to report on further refinement of such a measurement instrument, the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) first published in 2012. To support this refinement, two objectives were set: Objective 1: to determine whether the items from the data collected in 2016 load on the same factors as found for the 2012 version of the 37-item AITCS. Objective 2: to determine whether the items in the subscales of the AITCS could be reduced while retaining psychometric properties similar to those from the earlier versions of the AITCS. METHODS: Initially, the overall data sets of 1002 respondents from two hospitals and four community agencies were analyzed for demographics and scale and subscale mean values, SDs, and mean item scores. After deletion of respondents because of missing data, 967 respondents were available for the first analysis. An exploratory factor analysis was then conducted to determine the factor structure. All respondents with any random missing data were further removed to reduce the data set to 676 responses, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis to find a model fit resulting in an item reduction in the scale. RESULTS: The result was a 23-item AITCS-II for practitioners that retained acceptable levels of reliability and validity within 3 subscales-partnership (8 items), cooperation (8 items), and coordination (7 items). DISCUSSION: The shortened version of the AITCS-II is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to assess collaboration in health care teams in practice settings.

Contemporary scholarship on mindfulness casts it as a form of purely nonevaluative engagement with experience. Yet, traditionally mindfulness was not intended to operate in a vacuum of dispassionate observation, but was seen as facilitative of eudaimonic mental states. In spite of this historical context, modern psychological research has neglected to ask the question of how the practice of mindfulness affects downstream emotion regulatory processes to impact the sense of meaning in life. To fill this lacuna, here we describe the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory, from which wederive a novel process model of mindful positive emotion regulation informed by affective science, in which mindfulness is proposed to introduce flexibility in thegeneration of cognitive appraisals by enhancing interoceptive attention, thereby expanding the scope of cognition to facilitate reappraisal of adversity and savoring of positive experience. This process is proposed to culminate in a deepened capacity for meaning-making and greater engagement with life.

Much of published research in psychology has been found irreproducible, possibly caused in part by questionable research practices. Open practices have been suggested as a way to combat these issues. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of declared intent to use open practices in Swedish human subjects research. We investigated the occurrence of declared intent to use open practices in a sample of 102 applications to regional ethical review boards (ERBs) in Sweden approved in 2013. Specifically, we investigated the prevalences of declared intent in applications to (1) publish the report with open access, (2) openly publish research materials, (3) openly publish data, and (4) preregister the study. 3% of applications stated an intention to publish open reports, and 5% included references to preregistrations. Statements of intent to publish data and/or materials openly were not found in any applications. A significant difference between types of open practices was identified; however, we observed no statistically significant differences in pairwise comparisons. One cause of low prevalences might be that researchers are disincentivized to use open practices. Future studies should use more recent ERB applications and larger samples.

Conduct problems seem to increase among youths placed in group homes. An overview, however, suggested that group home resources may be protective. Smaller homes with fewer residents, may better prevent delinquency and criminality. It was theorized that the fewer the number of youths in a group home the more resourceful it is in terms of its youths/caregiver ratio. Group home size probably also matters because the more the concentration of residents increases the more their influence, pro or con, increases. Logistic regressions modeled conduct problems and tested the hypothesis that group home size moderates peer influence-conduct problem relationships such that large homes with many residents are relatively risky places, while smaller homes with fewer residents are relatively protected places. It was tested and supported cross-sectionally among 875 youths, 10 to 17 years of age in Ontario group homes in 2012–13 (participation = 90%) and longitudinally among 175 youths who remained in group home care three years later (2015–16, follow-up = 96%). The positive peer influence by group home size interaction at baseline was such that the influence of such peers was most protective in large group homes with eight or more residents. A main protective association of positive peers was maintained at follow-up, but not its interaction with group home size. The negative peer influence by group home size interaction was significant at cohort baseline and at 3-year follow-up. No youth ought to be placed in a group home with more than six or seven peers. Prospective cohorts are needed to definitively test this theory about the protective effects of relatively small group homes.